13. REFERENCES
1.Bob Philips, C.B., Dave Sackett, Doug Badenouch, Sharon Straus, Brian Haynes, Martin Dawes since November 1998. Modified from Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine Levels of Evidence. Updated Jeremy Howick March 2009. Access date February 2014. 1998.
2.Guyatt, G.H., et al. Going from evidence to recommendations. BMJ, 2008. 336: 1049.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18467413
3.Salonia, A., et al. Paediatric and adult-onset male hypogonadism. Nat Rev Dis Primers, 2019. 5: 38.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31147553
4.Nieschlag, E., et al., Andrology: male reproductive health and dysfunction. 3rd edn. 2010, Heidelberg.
5.Wu, F.C., et al. Hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis disruptions in older men are differentially linked to age and modifiable risk factors: the European Male Aging Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2008. 93: 2737.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18270261
6.Araujo, A.B., et al. Clinical review: Endogenous testosterone and mortality in men: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2011. 96: 3007.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21816776
7.Haring, R., et al. Low serum testosterone levels are associated with increased risk of mortality in a population-based cohort of men aged 20-79. Eur Heart J, 2010. 31: 1494.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20164245
8.Wu, F.C., et al. Identification of late-onset hypogonadism in middle-aged and elderly men. N Engl J Med, 2010. 363: 123.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20554979
9.Zarotsky, V., et al. Systematic literature review of the risk factors, comorbidities, and consequences of hypogonadism in men. Andrology, 2014. 2: 819.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25269643
10.Ding, E.L., et al. Sex differences of endogenous sex hormones and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA, 2006. 295: 1288.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16537739
11.Corona, G., et al. Testosterone therapy in diabetes and pre-diabetes. Andrology, 2023. 11: 204.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36542412
12.Bonomi, M., et al. Klinefelter syndrome (KS): genetics, clinical phenotype and hypogonadism. J Endocrinol Invest, 2017. 40: 123.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27644703
13.Kanakis, G.A., et al. Klinefelter syndrome: more than hypogonadism. Metabolism, 2018. 86: 135.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29382506
14.Aksglaede, L., et al. 47,XXY Klinefelter syndrome: clinical characteristics and age-specific recommendations for medical management. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet, 2013. 163C: 55.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23345262
15.Pizzocaro, A., et al. Testosterone treatment in male patients with Klinefelter syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Endocrinol Invest, 2020. 43: 1675.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32567016
16.Bojesen, A., et al. Prenatal and postnatal prevalence of Klinefelter syndrome: a national registry study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2003. 88: 622.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12574191
17.Santi, D., et al., Primary and Secondary Hypogonadism, in Endocrinology of the Testis and Male Reproduction, M. Simoni & I.T. Huhtaniemi, Editors. 2017, Springer International Publishing: Cham.
18.Giannetta, E., et al. Subclinical male hypogonadism. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2012. 26: 539.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22863395
19.Tajar, A., et al. Characteristics of secondary, primary, and compensated hypogonadism in aging men: evidence from the European Male Ageing Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2010. 95: 1810.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20173018
20.Corona, G., et al. Subclinical male hypogonadism. Minerva Endocrinol (Torino), 2021. 46: 252.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32969626
21.Isidori, A.M., et al. Adult- and late-onset male hypogonadism: the clinical practice guidelines of the Italian Society of Andrology and Sexual Medicine (SIAMS) and the Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE). J Endocrinol Invest, 2022. 45: 2385.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36018454
22.Rastrelli, G., et al. Pharmacotherapy of male hypogonadism. Curr Opin Pharmacol, 2023. 68: 102323.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36525815
23.Giagulli, V.A., et al. Critical evaluation of different available guidelines for late-onset hypogonadism. Andrology, 2020. 8: 1628.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32593233
24.Morelli, A., et al. Which patients with sexual dysfunction are suitable for testosterone replacement therapy? J Endocrinol Invest, 2007. 30: 880.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18075293
25.Kelly, D.M., et al. Testosterone and obesity. Obes Rev, 2015. 16: 581.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25982085
26.Wittert, G., et al. Obesity, type 2 diabetes, and testosterone in ageing men. Rev Endocr Metab Disord, 2022. 23: 1233.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35834069
27.Muller, M., et al. Endogenous sex hormones and metabolic syndrome in aging men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2005. 90: 2618.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15687322
28.Dhindsa, S., et al. Frequent occurrence of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in type 2 diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2004. 89: 5462.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15531498
29.Jones, T.H., et al. Testosterone replacement in hypogonadal men with type 2 diabetes and/or metabolic syndrome (the TIMES2 study). Diabetes Care, 2011. 34: 828.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21386088
30.Kalinchenko, S.Y., et al. Effects of testosterone supplementation on markers of the metabolic syndrome and inflammation in hypogonadal men with the metabolic syndrome: the double-blinded placebo-controlled Moscow study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 2010. 73: 602.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20718771
31.Groti, K., et al. The impact of testosterone replacement therapy on glycemic control, vascular function, and components of the metabolic syndrome in obese hypogonadal men with type 2 diabetes. Aging Male, 2018. 21: 158.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29708829
32.Hackett, G., et al. Testosterone replacement therapy improves metabolic parameters in hypogonadal men with type 2 diabetes but not in men with coexisting depression: the BLAST study. J Sex Med, 2014. 11: 840.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24308723
33.Wittert, G., et al. Testosterone treatment to prevent or revert type 2 diabetes in men enrolled in a lifestyle programme (T4DM): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2-year, phase 3b trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 2021. 9: 32.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33338415
34.Yassin, A., et al. Testosterone Therapy in Men With Hypogonadism Prevents Progression From Prediabetes to Type 2 Diabetes: Eight-Year Data From a Registry Study. Diabetes Care, 2019. 42: 1104.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30862651
35.Kapoor, D., et al. Testosterone replacement therapy improves insulin resistance, glycaemic control, visceral adiposity and hypercholesterolaemia in hypogonadal men with type 2 diabetes. Eur J Endocrinol, 2006. 154: 899.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16728551
36.Hackett, G., et al. Long-term testosterone therapy in type 2 diabetes is associated with reduced mortality without improvement in conventional cardiovascular risk factors. BJU Int, 2019. 123: 519.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30216622
37.Muraleedharan, V., et al. Testosterone deficiency is associated with increased risk of mortality and testosterone replacement improves survival in men with type 2 diabetes. Eur J Endocrinol, 2013. 169: 725.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23999642
38.Hackett, G., et al. Testosterone undecanoate improves sexual function in men with type 2 diabetes and severe hypogonadism: results from a 30-week randomized placebo-controlled study. BJU Int, 2016. 118: 804.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27124889
39.Corona, G., et al. The Role of testosterone treatment in patients with metabolic disorders. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol, 2021. 14: 1091.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34085587
40.Corona, G., et al. THERAPY OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Testosterone supplementation and body composition: results from a meta-analysis study. Eur J Endocrinol, 2016. 174: R99.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26537862
41.Saad, F., et al. Differential effects of 11 years of long-term injectable testosterone undecanoate therapy on anthropometric and metabolic parameters in hypogonadal men with normal weight, overweight and obesity in comparison with untreated controls: real-world data from a controlled registry study. Int J Obes (Lond), 2020. 44: 1264.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32060355
42.Rastrelli, G., et al. Low testosterone levels predict clinical adverse outcomes in SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia patients. Andrology, 2021. 9: 88.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32436355
43.Salciccia, S., et al. Interplay between male testosterone levels and the risk for subsequent invasive respiratory assistance among COVID-19 patients at hospital admission. Endocrine, 2020. 70: 206.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33030665
44.Cinislioglu, A.E., et al. The relationship of serum testosterone levels with the clinical course and prognosis of COVID-19 disease in male patients: A prospective study. Andrology, 2022. 10: 24.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34288536
45.Kadihasanoglu, M., et al. SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia Affects Male Reproductive Hormone Levels: A Prospective, Cohort Study. J Sex Med, 2021. 18: 256.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33468445
46.Salonia, A., et al. Severely low testosterone in males with COVID-19: A case-control study. Andrology, 2021. 9: 1043.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33635589
47.Dhindsa, S., et al. Association of Circulating Sex Hormones With Inflammation and Disease Severity in Patients With COVID-19. JAMA Netw Open, 2021. 4: e2111398.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34032853
48.Lanser, L., et al. Testosterone Deficiency Is a Risk Factor for Severe COVID-19. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 2021. 12: 694083.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34226825
49.Nie, X., et al. Multi-organ proteomic landscape of COVID-19 autopsies. Cell, 2021. 184: 775.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33503446
50.Dhindsa, S., et al. Association of Male Hypogonadism With Risk of Hospitalization for COVID-19. JAMA Netw Open, 2022. 5: e2229747.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36053534
51.Corona, G., et al. Andrological effects of SARS-Cov-2 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Endocrinol Invest, 2022. 45: 2207.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35527294
52.Turner, H.E., et al. Gonadal function in men with chronic illness. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 1997. 47: 379.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9404435
53.Corona, G., et al. Is late-onset hypogonadotropic hypogonadism a specific age-dependent disease, or merely an epiphenomenon caused by accumulating disease-burden? Minerva Endocrinol, 2016. 41: 196.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26883937
54.Temiz, M.Z., et al. Investigation of SARS-CoV-2 in semen samples and the effects of COVID-19 on male sexual health by using semen analysis and serum male hormone profile: A cross-sectional, pilot study. Andrologia, 2021. 53: e13912.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33244788
55.Salonia, A., et al. Testosterone in males with COVID-19: a 12-month cohort study. Andrology, 2023. 11: 17.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36251583
56.Salonia, A., et al. Testosterone in males with COVID-19: A 7-month cohort study. Andrology, 2022. 10: 34.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34409772
57.Mohr, B.A., et al. Normal, bound and nonbound testosterone levels in normally ageing men: results from the Massachusetts Male Ageing Study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 2005. 62: 64.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15638872
58.Grossmann, M., et al. A Perspective on Middle-Aged and Older Men With Functional Hypogonadism: Focus on Holistic Management. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2017. 102: 1067.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28359097
59.Millar, A.C., et al. Predicting low testosterone in aging men: a systematic review. CMAJ, 2016. 188: E321.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27325129
60.Cayan, S., et al. Effect of serum total testosterone and its relationship with other laboratory parameters on the prognosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in SARS-CoV-2 infected male patients: a cohort study. Aging Male, 2020. 23: 1493.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32883151
61.Rastrelli, G., et al. Testosterone and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Sex Med Rev, 2019. 7: 259.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30803920
62.Guay, A., et al. Does early morning versus late morning draw time influence apparent testosterone concentration in men aged > or =45 years? Data from the Hypogonadism In Males study. Int J Impot Res, 2008. 20: 162.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17637790
63.Travison, T.G., et al. Harmonized Reference Ranges for Circulating Testosterone Levels in Men of Four Cohort Studies in the United States and Europe. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2017. 102: 1161.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28324103
64.Gagliano-Juca, T., et al. Oral glucose load and mixed meal feeding lowers testosterone levels in healthy eugonadal men. Endocrine, 2019. 63: 149.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30191441
65.Huhtaniemi, I.T., et al. Comparison of serum testosterone and estradiol measurements in 3174 European men using platform immunoassay and mass spectrometry; relevance for the diagnostics in aging men. Eur J Endocrinol, 2012. 166: 983.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22423144
66.Rosner, W., et al. Toward excellence in testosterone testing: a consensus statement. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2010. 95: 4542.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20926540
67.Fiers, T., et al. Reassessing Free-Testosterone Calculation by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Direct Equilibrium Dialysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2018. 103: 2167.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29618085
68.Vermeulen, A., et al. A critical evaluation of simple methods for the estimation of free testosterone in serum. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 1999. 84: 3666.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10523012
69.Corona, G., et al. Meta-analysis of Results of Testosterone Therapy on Sexual Function Based on International Index of Erectile Function Scores. Eur Urol, 2017. 72: 1000.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28434676
70.Boeri, L., et al. Does Calculated Free Testosterone Overcome Total Testosterone in Protecting From Sexual Symptom Impairment? Findings of a Cross-Sectional Study. J Sex Med, 2017. 14: 1549.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29198510
71.Antonio, L., et al. Low Free Testosterone Is Associated with Hypogonadal Signs and Symptoms in Men with Normal Total Testosterone. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2016. 101: 2647.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26909800
72.Rastrelli, G., et al. Symptomatic androgen deficiency develops only when both total and free testosterone decline in obese men who may have incident biochemical secondary hypogonadism: Prospective results from the EMAS. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 2018. 89: 459.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29855071
73.Ferlin, A., et al. Management of male factor infertility: position statement from the Italian Society of Andrology and Sexual Medicine (SIAMS) : Endorsing Organization: Italian Society of Embryology, Reproduction, and Research (SIERR). J Endocrinol Invest, 2022. 45: 1085.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35075609
74.Dalvi, M., et al. The prevalence of structural pituitary abnormalities by MRI scanning in men presenting with isolated hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 2016. 84: 858.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26733239
75.Molitch, M.E. Diagnosis and Treatment of Pituitary Adenomas: A Review. JAMA, 2017. 317: 516.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28170483
76.Cipriani, S., et al. Biochemical predictors of structural hypothalamus-pituitary abnormalities detected by magnetic resonance imaging in men with secondary hypogonadism. J Endocrinol Invest, 2021. 44: 2785.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33970435
77.Lincoff, A.M., et al. Cardiovascular Safety of Testosterone-Replacement Therapy. N Engl J Med, 2023. 389: 107.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37326322
78.Corona, G., et al. Testosterone treatment and cardiovascular and venous thromboembolism risk: what is 'new'? J Investig Med, 2017. 65: 964.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28495861
79.Gagnon, D.R., et al. Hematocrit and the risk of cardiovascular disease--the Framingham study: a 34-year follow-up. Am Heart J, 1994. 127: 674.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8122618
80.Corona, G., et al. Consequences of Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid Abuse in Males; Sexual and Reproductive Perspective. World J Mens Health, 2022. 40: 165.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34169679
81.Colpi, G.M., et al. European Academy of Andrology guideline Management of oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia. Andrology, 2018. 6: 513.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30134082
82.Corona, G., et al. The pharmacotherapy of male hypogonadism besides androgens. Expert Opin Pharmacother, 2015. 16: 369.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25523084
83.Mirone, V., et al. European Association of Urology Position Statement on the Role of the Urologist in the Management of Male Hypogonadism and Testosterone Therapy. Eur Urol, 2017. 72: 164.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28249799
84.Nieschlag, E. Late-onset hypogonadism: a concept comes of age. Andrology, 2020. 8: 1506.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31639279
85.Isidori, A.M., et al. A critical analysis of the role of testosterone in erectile function: from pathophysiology to treatment-a systematic review. Eur Urol, 2014. 65: 99.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24050791
86.Huo, S., et al. Treatment of Men for "Low Testosterone": A Systematic Review. PLoS One, 2016. 11: e0162480.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27655114
87.Rastrelli, G., et al. Testosterone Replacement Therapy for Sexual Symptoms. Sex Med Rev, 2019. 7: 464.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30803919
88.Elliott, J., et al. Testosterone therapy in hypogonadal men: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMJ Open, 2017. 7: e015284.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29150464
89.Corona, G., et al. Androgens and male sexual function. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2022. 36: 101615.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35153145
90.Pencina, K.M., et al. Effect of Testosterone Replacement Therapy on Sexual Function and Hypogonadal Symptoms in Men with Hypogonadism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2024. 109: 569.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37589949
91.Corona, G., et al. The role of testosterone in male sexual function. Rev Endocr Metab Disord, 2022. 23: 1159.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35999483
92.Zhu, J., et al. Do testosterone supplements enhance response to phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors in men with erectile dysfunction and hypogonadism: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Transl Androl Urol, 2020. 9: 591.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32420164
93.Snyder, P.J., et al. Lessons From the Testosterone Trials. Endocr Rev, 2018. 39: 369.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29522088
94.Cunningham, G.R., et al. Testosterone Treatment and Sexual Function in Older Men With Low Testosterone Levels. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2016. 101: 3096.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27355400
95.Nieschlag, E., et al. MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Medical consequences of doping with anabolic androgenic steroids: effects on reproductive functions. Eur J Endocrinol, 2015. 173: R47.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25805894
96.Steeves, J.A., et al. Cross-sectional association between physical activity and serum testosterone levels in US men: results from NHANES 1999-2004. Andrology, 2016. 4: 465.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26991734
97.Lee, T.W., et al. Effects of Testosterone Replacement Therapy on Muscle Strength in Older Men with Low to Low-Normal Testosterone Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Gerontology, 2023. 69: 1157.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37494893
98.Rosen, R.C., et al. Quality of Life and Sexual Function Benefits of Long-Term Testosterone Treatment: Longitudinal Results From the Registry of Hypogonadism in Men (RHYME). J Sex Med, 2017. 14: 1104.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28781213
99.Smith, J.B., et al. Low Serum Testosterone in Outpatient Psychiatry Clinics: Addressing Challenges to the Screening and Treatment of Hypogonadism. Sex Med Rev, 2018. 6: 69.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29128270
100.Walther, A., et al. Association of Testosterone Treatment With Alleviation of Depressive Symptoms in Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry, 2019. 76: 31.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30427999
101.Nian, Y., et al. Testosterone replacement therapy improves health-related quality of life for patients with late-onset hypogonadism: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Andrologia, 2017. 49.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27389320
102.Corona, G., et al. Testosterone Deficiency and Risk of Cognitive Disorders in Aging Males. World J Mens Health, 2021. 39: 9.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32378366
103.Isidori, A.M., et al. Outcomes of androgen replacement therapy in adult male hypogonadism: recommendations from the Italian society of endocrinology. J Endocrinol Invest, 2015. 38: 103.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25384570
104.Corona, G., et al. Testosterone supplementation and body composition: results from a meta-analysis of observational studies. J Endocrinol Invest, 2016. 39: 967.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27241317
105.Traish, A.M. Testosterone and weight loss: the evidence. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes, 2014. 21: 313.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25105998
106.Saad, F., et al. Effects of long-term treatment with testosterone on weight and waist size in 411 hypogonadal men with obesity classes I-III: observational data from two registry studies. Int J Obes (Lond), 2016. 40: 162.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26219417
107.Rochira, V., et al. EAA clinical guideline on management of bone health in the andrological outpatient clinic. Andrology, 2018. 6: 272.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29499097
108.Isidori, A.M., et al. Effects of testosterone on body composition, bone metabolism and serum lipid profile in middle-aged men: a meta-analysis. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 2005. 63: 280.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16117815
109.Tracz, M.J., et al. Testosterone use in men and its effects on bone health. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2006. 91: 2011.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16720668
110.Corona, G., et al. Testosterone supplementation and bone parameters: a systematic review and meta-analysis study. J Endocrinol Invest, 2022. 45: 911.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35041193
111.Fan, Y., et al. Diabetes mellitus and risk of hip fractures: a meta-analysis. Osteoporos Int, 2016. 27: 219.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26264604
112.Wang, J., et al. Increased risk of vertebral fracture in patients with diabetes: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Int Orthop, 2016. 40: 1299.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27029481
113.Ng Tang Fui, M., et al. Effect of Testosterone Treatment on Bone Microarchitecture and Bone Mineral Density in Men: A 2-Year RCT. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2021. 106: e3143.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33693907
114.Grossmann, M. Hypogonadism and male obesity: Focus on unresolved questions. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 2018. 89: 11.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29683196
115.Corona, G., et al. Body weight loss reverts obesity-associated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Endocrinol, 2013. 168: 829.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23482592
116.Corona, G., et al. Treatment of Functional Hypogonadism Besides Pharmacological Substitution. World J Mens Health, 2020. 38: 256.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31496147
117.Pasquali R, et al. ESE Clinical Practice Guideline on Endocrine Work-up in Obesity. Eur J Endocrinol 2019.
118.Rastrelli, G., et al. Pharmacological management of late-onset hypogonadism. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol, 2018. 11: 439.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29505313
119.Miller, J.A., et al. Oral testosterone therapy: past, present, and future. Sex Med Rev, 2023. 11: 124.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36779549
120.Ohlander, S.J., et al. Erythrocytosis Following Testosterone Therapy. Sex Med Rev, 2018. 6: 77.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28526632
121.Rastrelli, G., et al. Factors affecting spermatogenesis upon gonadotropin-replacement therapy: a meta-analytic study. Andrology, 2014. 2: 794.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25271205
122.Rogol, A.D., et al. Natesto , a novel testosterone nasal gel, normalizes androgen levels in hypogonadal men. Andrology, 2016. 4: 46.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26695758
123.Awouters, M., et al. Aromatase inhibitors and selective estrogen receptor modulators: Unconventional therapies for functional hypogonadism? Andrology, 2020. 8: 1590.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31696669
124.Rambhatla, A., et al. The Role of Estrogen Modulators in Male Hypogonadism and Infertility. Rev Urol, 2016. 18: 66.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27601965
125.Fentiman, I.S. The endocrinology of male breast cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer, 2018. 25: R365.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29752333
126.Okada, K., et al. Improved Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Associated With Testosterone Replacement Therapy in Japanese Men With Late-Onset Hypogonadism. Am J Mens Health, 2018. 12: 1403.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27256990
127.Rastrelli, G., et al. Testosterone does not affect lower urinary tract symptoms while improving markers of prostatitis in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomized clinical trial. J Endocrinol Invest, 2022. 45: 1413.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35298833
128.Permpongkosol, S., et al. Effects of 8-Year Treatment of Long-Acting Testosterone Undecanoate on Metabolic Parameters, Urinary Symptoms, Bone Mineral Density, and Sexual Function in Men With Late-Onset Hypogonadism. J Sex Med, 2016. 13: 1199.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27436076
129.Debruyne, F.M., et al. Testosterone treatment is not associated with increased risk of prostate cancer or worsening of lower urinary tract symptoms: prostate health outcomes in the Registry of Hypogonadism in Men. BJU Int, 2017. 119: 216.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27409523
130.Rastrelli, G., et al. Predictors and clinical consequences of starting androgen therapy in men with low testosterone: results from the SIAMO-NOI registry. J Endocrinol Invest, 2016. 39: 695.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27037688
131.Calof, O.M., et al. Adverse events associated with testosterone replacement in middle-aged and older men: a meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled trials. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2005. 60: 1451.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16339333
132.Boyle, P., et al. Endogenous and exogenous testosterone and the risk of prostate cancer and increased prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level: a meta-analysis. BJU Int, 2016. 118: 731.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26779889
133.Cui, Y., et al. The effect of androgen-replacement therapy on prostate growth: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Urol, 2013. 64: 811.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23567065
134.Cui, Y., et al. The effect of testosterone replacement therapy on prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis, 2014. 17: 132.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24445948
135.Fernandez-Balsells, M.M., et al. Clinical review 1: Adverse effects of testosterone therapy in adult men: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2010. 95: 2560.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20525906
136.Guo, C., et al. Efficacy and safety of testosterone replacement therapy in men with hypogonadism: A meta-analysis study of placebo-controlled trials. Exp Ther Med, 2016. 11: 853.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26998003
137.Kang, D.Y., et al. The effect of testosterone replacement therapy on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in men being treated for hypogonadism: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore), 2015. 94: e410.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25621688
138.Lopez, D.S., et al. Endogenous and exogenous testosterone and prostate cancer: decreased-, increased- or null-risk? Transl Androl Urol, 2017. 6: 566.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28725600
139.Watts, E.L., et al. Low Free Testosterone and Prostate Cancer Risk: A Collaborative Analysis of 20 Prospective Studies. Eur Urol, 2018. 74: 585.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30077399
140.Haider, A., et al. Incidence of prostate cancer in hypogonadal men receiving testosterone therapy: observations from 5-year median followup of 3 registries. J Urol, 2015. 193: 80.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24980615
141.Wallis, C.J., et al. Survival and cardiovascular events in men treated with testosterone replacement therapy: an intention-to-treat observational cohort study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 2016. 4: 498.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27165609
142.Gray, H., et al. Recurrence of prostate cancer in patients receiving testosterone supplementation for hypogonadism. Am J Health Syst Pharm, 2015. 72: 536.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25788507
143.Teeling, F., et al. Testosterone Therapy for High-risk Prostate Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Urology, 2019. 126: 16.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30244116
144.Kardoust Parizi, M., et al. Oncological safety of testosterone replacement therapy in prostate cancer survivors after definitive local therapy: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Urol Oncol, 2019. 37: 637.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31296421
145.Valderrabano, R.J., et al. Testosterone replacement in prostate cancer survivors with testosterone deficiency: Study protocol of a randomized controlled trial. Andrology, 2023. 11: 93.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36181480
146.Corona, G., et al. Endogenous Testosterone Levels and Cardiovascular Risk: Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. J Sex Med, 2018. 15: 1260.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30145097
147.Malkin, C.J., et al. Low serum testosterone and increased mortality in men with coronary heart disease. Heart, 2010. 96: 1821.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20959649
148.Kapoor, D., et al. Clinical and biochemical assessment of hypogonadism in men with type 2 diabetes: correlations with bioavailable testosterone and visceral adiposity. Diabetes Care, 2007. 30: 911.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17392552
149.Khaw, K.T., et al. Endogenous testosterone and mortality due to all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer in men: European prospective investigation into cancer in Norfolk (EPIC-Norfolk) Prospective Population Study. Circulation, 2007. 116: 2694.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18040028
150.Laughlin, G.A., et al. Low serum testosterone and mortality in older men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2008. 93: 68.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17911176
151.Shores, M.M., et al. Low serum testosterone and mortality in male veterans. Arch Intern Med, 2006. 166: 1660.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16908801
152.Vikan, T., et al. Endogenous sex hormones and the prospective association with cardiovascular disease and mortality in men: the Tromso Study. Eur J Endocrinol, 2009. 161: 435.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19542243
153.Corona, G., et al. Hypogonadism as a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality in men: a meta-analytic study. Eur J Endocrinol, 2011. 165: 687.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21852391
154.Keating, N.L., et al. Diabetes and cardiovascular disease during androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol, 2006. 24: 4448.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16983113
155.Ohlsson, C., et al. High serum testosterone is associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular events in elderly men. The MrOS (Osteoporotic Fractures in Men) study in Sweden. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2011. 58: 1674.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21982312
156.Soisson, V., et al. A J-shaped association between plasma testosterone and risk of ischemic arterial event in elderly men: the French 3C cohort study. Maturitas, 2013. 75: 282.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23706278
157.Snyder, P.J., et al. Effects of Testosterone Treatment in Older Men. N Engl J Med, 2016. 374: 611.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26886521
158.Srinivas-Shankar, U., et al. Effects of testosterone on muscle strength, physical function, body composition, and quality of life in intermediate-frail and frail elderly men: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2010. 95: 639.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20061435
159.English, K.M., et al. Low-dose transdermal testosterone therapy improves angina threshold in men with chronic stable angina: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Circulation, 2000. 102: 1906.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11034937
160.Malkin, C.J., et al. Testosterone therapy in men with moderate severity heart failure: a double-blind randomized placebo controlled trial. Eur Heart J, 2006. 27: 57.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16093267
161.Mathur, A., et al. Long-term benefits of testosterone replacement therapy on angina threshold and atheroma in men. Eur J Endocrinol, 2009. 161: 443.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19542238
162.Shores, M.M., et al. Association Between Testosterone Treatment and Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Events Among US Male Veterans With Low Testosterone Levels and Multiple Medical Comorbidities. J Am Heart Assoc, 2021. 10: e020562.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34423650
163.EMA, No consistent evidence of an increased risk of heart problems with testosterone medicines. 2014.
164.Ayele, H.T., et al. Testosterone replacement therapy and the risk of venous thromboembolism: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Thromb Res, 2021. 199: 123.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33486321
165.Rastrelli, G., et al. Cardiovascular impact of testosterone therapy for hypogonadism. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther, 2018. 16: 617.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30099911
166.Handelsman, D.J., et al. Long-term Outcomes of Testosterone Treatment in Men: A T4DM Postrandomization Observational Follow-up Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2023. 109: e25.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37623257
167.FDA. Briefing Information for the September 17, 2014 Joint Meeting of the Bone, Reproductive and Urologic Drugs Advisory Committee (BRUDAC) and the Drug Safety and Risk Management (DSaRM) Advisory Committee Meeting.
168.Alexander, G.C., et al. Cardiovascular Risks of Exogenous Testosterone Use Among Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Am J Med, 2017. 130: 293.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27751897
169.Corona, G., et al. Cardiovascular risk associated with testosterone-boosting medications: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Expert Opin Drug Saf, 2014. 13: 1327.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25139126
170.Corona, G., et al. Testosterone and Cardiovascular Risk: Meta-Analysis of Interventional Studies. J Sex Med, 2018. 15: 820.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29803351
171.Hudson, J., et al. Adverse cardiovascular events and mortality in men during testosterone treatment: an individual patient and aggregate data meta-analysis. Lancet Healthy Longev, 2022. 3: e381.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35711614
172.Basaria, S., et al. Effects of Testosterone Administration for 3 Years on Subclinical Atherosclerosis Progression in Older Men With Low or Low-Normal Testosterone Levels: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA, 2015. 314: 570.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26262795
173.Budoff, M.J., et al. Testosterone Treatment and Coronary Artery Plaque Volume in Older Men With Low Testosterone. JAMA, 2017. 317: 708.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28241355
174.Caminiti, G., et al. Effect of long-acting testosterone treatment on functional exercise capacity, skeletal muscle performance, insulin resistance, and baroreflex sensitivity in elderly patients with chronic heart failure a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2009. 54: 919.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19712802
175.Pugh, P.J., et al. Testosterone treatment for men with chronic heart failure. Heart, 2004. 90: 446.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15020527
176.Sharma, R., et al. Normalization of testosterone level is associated with reduced incidence of myocardial infarction and mortality in men. Eur Heart J, 2015. 36: 2706.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26248567
177.Brown, D.W., et al. Hematocrit and the risk of coronary heart disease mortality. Am Heart J, 2001. 142: 657.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11579356
178.Puddu, P.E., et al. Red blood cell count in short-term prediction of cardiovascular disease incidence in the Gubbio population study. Acta Cardiol, 2002. 57: 177.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12088175
179.Boffetta, P., et al. A U-shaped relationship between haematocrit and mortality in a large prospective cohort study. Int J Epidemiol, 2013. 42: 601.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23569195
180.Baillargeon, J., et al. Risk of Venous Thromboembolism in Men Receiving Testosterone Therapy. Mayo Clin Proc, 2015. 90: 1038.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26205547
181.Sharma, R., et al. Association Between Testosterone Replacement Therapy and the Incidence of DVT and Pulmonary Embolism: A Retrospective Cohort Study of the Veterans Administration Database. Chest, 2016. 150: 563.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27179907
182.Martinez, C., et al. Testosterone treatment and risk of venous thromboembolism: population based case-control study. BMJ, 2016. 355: i5968.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27903495
183.Glueck, C.J., et al. Testosterone therapy, thrombosis, thrombophilia, cardiovascular events. Metabolism, 2014. 63: 989.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24930993
184.Smith, A.M., et al. Testosterone does not adversely affect fibrinogen or tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels in 46 men with chronic stable angina. Eur J Endocrinol, 2005. 152: 285.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15745938
185.Zitzmann, M., et al. The HEAT-Registry (HEmatopoietic Affection by Testosterone): comparison of a transdermal gel vs long-acting intramuscular testosterone undecanoate in hypogonadal men. Aging Male, 2022. 25: 134.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35467476
186.Madaeva, I.M., et al. [Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and age-related hypohonadism]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova, 2017. 117: 79.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28777369
187.Hoyos, C.M., et al. Body compositional and cardiometabolic effects of testosterone therapy in obese men with severe obstructive sleep apnoea: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Eur J Endocrinol, 2012. 167: 531.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22848006
188.Barbui, T., et al. Philadelphia chromosome-negative classical myeloproliferative neoplasms: revised management recommendations from European LeukemiaNet. Leukemia, 2018. 32: 1057.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29515238
189.Ory, J., et al. Secondary Polycythemia in Men Receiving Testosterone Therapy Increases Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events and Venous Thromboembolism in the First Year of Therapy. J Urol, 2022. 207: 1295.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35050717
190.Mottet, N., et al. Updated Guidelines for Metastatic Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer: Abiraterone Acetate Combined with Castration Is Another Standard. Eur Urol, 2018. 73: 316.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29103760
191.Eardley, I. The Incidence, Prevalence, and Natural History of Erectile Dysfunction. Sex Med Rev, 2013. 1: 3.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27784558
192.Feldman, H.A., et al. Impotence and its medical and psychosocial correlates: results of the Massachusetts Male Aging Study. J Urol, 1994. 151: 54.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8254833
193.Braun, M., et al. Epidemiology of erectile dysfunction: results of the 'Cologne Male Survey'. Int J Impot Res, 2000. 12: 305.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11416833
194.Johannes, C.B., et al. Incidence of erectile dysfunction in men 40 to 69 years old: longitudinal results from the Massachusetts male aging study. J Urol, 2000. 163: 460.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10647654
195.Schouten, B.W., et al. Incidence rates of erectile dysfunction in the Dutch general population. Effects of definition, clinical relevance and duration of follow-up in the Krimpen Study. Int J Impot Res, 2005. 17: 58.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15510192
196.Capogrosso, P., et al. One patient out of four with newly diagnosed erectile dysfunction is a young man--worrisome picture from the everyday clinical practice. J Sex Med, 2013. 10: 1833.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23651423
197.Laumann, E.O., et al. Sexual dysfunction in the United States: prevalence and predictors. JAMA, 1999. 281: 537.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10022110
198.Porst, H., et al. The Premature Ejaculation Prevalence and Attitudes (PEPA) survey: prevalence, comorbidities, and professional help-seeking. Eur Urol, 2007. 51: 816.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16934919
199.Serefoglu, E.C., et al. Prevalence of the complaint of ejaculating prematurely and the four premature ejaculation syndromes: results from the Turkish Society of Andrology Sexual Health Survey. J Sex Med, 2011. 8: 540.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21054799
200.Gao, J., et al. Prevalence and factors associated with the complaint of premature ejaculation and the four premature ejaculation syndromes: a large observational study in China. J Sex Med, 2013. 10: 1874.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23651451
201.Waldinger, M.D., et al. The use of old and recent DSM definitions of premature ejaculation in observational studies: a contribution to the present debate for a new classification of PE in the DSM-V. J Sex Med, 2008. 5: 1079.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18331260
202.Perelman, M. Retarded Ejaculation. Curr Sex Hlth Rep, 2004. 1: 95.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11930-004-0023-2
203.Simons, J.S., et al. Prevalence of sexual dysfunctions: results from a decade of research. Arch Sex Behav, 2001. 30: 177.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11329727
204.Mercer, C.H., et al. Who reports sexual function problems? Empirical evidence from Britain's 2000 National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles. Sex Transm Infect, 2005. 81: 394.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16199738
205.Laumann, E.O., et al. Sexual problems among women and men aged 40-80 y: prevalence and correlates identified in the Global Study of Sexual Attitudes and Behaviors. Int J Impot Res, 2005. 17: 39.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15215881
206.Lindau, S.T., et al. A study of sexuality and health among older adults in the United States. N Engl J Med, 2007. 357: 762.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17715410
207.DSM, V., American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. 2013, Arlington, VA [access date: 1 June 2013]. dsm.psychiatryonline.org.
208.Di Sante, S., et al. Epidemiology of delayed ejaculation. Transl Androl Urol, 2016. 5: 541.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27652226
209.Kinsey, A.C., et al. Sexual behavior in the human male. 1948. Am J Public Health, 2003. 93: 894.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12773346
210.Chehensse, C., et al. The spinal control of ejaculation revisited: a systematic review and meta-analysis of anejaculation in spinal cord injured patients. Hum Reprod Update, 2013. 19: 507.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23820516
211.Jefferys, A., et al. The management of retrograde ejaculation: a systematic review and update. Fertil Steril, 2012. 97: 306.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22177462
212.Gandhi, J., et al. The Role of Diabetes Mellitus in Sexual and Reproductive Health: An Overview of Pathogenesis, Evaluation, and Management. Curr Diabetes Rev, 2017. 13: 573.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27875946
213.Yavetz, H., et al. Retrograde ejaculation. Hum Reprod, 1994. 9: 381.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8006123
214.Fedder, J., et al. Retrograde ejaculation and sexual dysfunction in men with diabetes mellitus: a prospective, controlled study. Andrology, 2013. 1: 602.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23606485
215.Hylmarova, S., et al. The impact of type 1 diabetes mellitus on male sexual functions and sex hormone levels. Endocr J, 2020. 67: 59.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31619592
216.Emberton, M., et al. The effect of prostatectomy on symptom severity and quality of life. Br J Urol, 1996. 77: 233.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8800892
217.Woo, H.H., et al. Preservation of sexual function with the prostatic urethral lift: a novel treatment for lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Sex Med, 2012. 9: 568.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22172161
218.Talab, S.S., et al. V403 the Impact of Ejaculation-Preserving Photo-Selective Vaporization of the Prostate (Ep-Pvp) on Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Ejaculatory Function: Results of a Multicenter Study. Journal of Urology, 2013. 189.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2013.02.1792
219.Liu, Y., et al. Impact on Sexual Function of Endoscopic Enucleation vs Transurethral Resection of the Prostate for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Due to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Endourol, 2020. 34: 1064.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32242462
220.Suarez-Ibarrola, R., et al. Efficacy and safety of aquablation of the prostate for patients with symptomatic benign prostatic enlargement: a systematic review. World J Urol, 2020. 38: 1147.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31559476
221.Bebi, C., et al. Sexual and ejaculatory function after holmium laser enucleation of the prostate and bipolar transurethral enucleation of the prostate: a single-center experience. Int J Impot Res, 2022. 34: 71.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33082545
222.Lindal, E., et al. The lifetime prevalence of psychosexual dysfunction among 55 to 57-year-olds in Iceland. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol, 1993. 28: 91.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8511669
223.Blanker, M.H., et al. Erectile and ejaculatory dysfunction in a community-based sample of men 50 to 78 years old: prevalence, concern, and relation to sexual activity. Urology, 2001. 57: 763.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11306400
224.Roberts, R.O., et al. Prevalence of prostatitis-like symptoms in a community based cohort of older men. J Urol, 2002. 168: 2467.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12441942
225.Sonmez, N.C., et al. Sexual dysfunction in type III chronic prostatitis (CP) and chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) observed in Turkish patients. Int Urol Nephrol, 2011. 43: 309.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20680450
226.Nickel, J.C., et al. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostatitis: prevalence of painful ejaculation in men with clinical BPH. BJU Int, 2005. 95: 571.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15705082
227.Mo, M.Q., et al. Sexual dysfunctions and psychological disorders associated with type IIIa chronic prostatitis: a clinical survey in China. Int Urol Nephrol, 2014. 46: 2255.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25158893
228.Wagenlehner, F.M., et al. National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) symptom evaluation in multinational cohorts of patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Eur Urol, 2013. 63: 953.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23141933
229.Shoskes, D.A., et al. Impact of post-ejaculatory pain in men with category III chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. J Urol, 2004. 172: 542.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15247725
230.Ng, Y.H., et al. Haematospermia as a presenting symptom: outcomes of investigation in 300 men. Surgeon, 2013. 11: 35.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22682581
231.Mulhall, J.P., et al. Hemospermia: diagnosis and management. Urology, 1995. 46: 463.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7571212
232.Han, M., et al. Association of hemospermia with prostate cancer. J Urol, 2004. 172: 2189.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15538229
233.Fugl-Meyer, A., et al. Sexual disabilities, problems and satisfaction in 18-74 year old Swedes. Scand J Sexol, 1999. 2: 79.
234.Quinta Gomes, A.L., et al. Prevalence of sexual problems in Portugal: results of a population-based study using a stratified sample of men aged 18 to 70 years. J Sex Res, 2014. 51: 13.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23573897
235.Martin, S., et al. Clinical and biopsychosocial determinants of sexual dysfunction in middle-aged and older Australian men. J Sex Med, 2012. 9: 2093.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22759388
236.Hirshfield, S., et al. Sexual dysfunction in an Internet sample of U.S. men who have sex with men. J Sex Med, 2010. 7: 3104.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19968773
237.Peixoto, M.M., et al. Prevalence of sexual problems and associated distress among gay and heterosexual men. Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 2014. 30: 211.
https://doi.org/10.1080/14681994.2014.986084
238.Najman, J.M., et al. Sexual dysfunction in the Australian population. Aust Fam Physician, 2003. 32: 951.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14650796
239.Traeen, B., et al. Sexual problems in 18-67-year-old Norwegians. Scand J Public Health, 2010. 38: 445.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20494944
240.NIH, C.D.P.o.I. NIH Consensus Conference. Impotence. NIH Consensus Development Panel on Impotence. JAMA, 1993. 270: 83.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8510302
241.Fisher, W.A., et al. Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a shared sexual concern of couples I: couple conceptions of ED. J Sex Med, 2009. 6: 2746.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19694926
242.Salonia, A., et al. Is erectile dysfunction a reliable proxy of general male health status? The case for the International Index of Erectile Function-Erectile Function domain. J Sex Med, 2012. 9: 2708.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22897643
243.Corona, G., et al. Assessment of the relational factor in male patients consulting for sexual dysfunction: the concept of couple sexual dysfunction. J Androl, 2006. 27: 795.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16809271
244.Besiroglu, H., et al. -The relationship between metabolic syndrome, its components, and erectile dysfunction: a systematic review and a meta-analysis of observational studies. The journal of sexual medicine. , 2015. 12: 1309.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25872648
245.Jackson, G., et al. Cardiovascular aspects of sexual medicine. J Sex Med, 2010. 7: 1608.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20388161
246.Cao, S., et al. Association of quantity and duration of smoking with erectile dysfunction: a dose-response meta-analysis. J Sex Med, 2014. 11: 2376.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25052869
247.Gandaglia, G., et al. A systematic review of the association between erectile dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. Eur Urol, 2014. 65: 968.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24011423
248.Binmoammar, T.A., et al. The impact of poor glycaemic control on the prevalence of erectile dysfunction in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review. JRSM Open, 2016. 7: 2054270415622602.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26981254
249.Glina, F.P.A., et al. What Is the Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Erectile Function? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sex Med Rev, 2017. 5: 393.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28526630
250.Sansone, A., et al. Serum Homocysteine Levels in Men with and without Erectile Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Endocrinol, 2018. 2018: 7424792.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30158975
251.Corona, G., et al. Sexual dysfunction at the onset of type 2 diabetes: the interplay of depression, hormonal and cardiovascular factors. J Sex Med, 2014. 11: 2065.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25041930
252.Pizzol, D., et al. Associations between body mass index, waist circumference and erectile dysfunction: a systematic review and META-analysis. Rev Endocr Metab Disord, 2020. 21: 657.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32002782
253.Sivaratnam, L., et al. Behavior-Related Erectile Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Sex Med, 2021. 18: 121.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33223424
254.El-Shahawy, O., et al. Association of E-Cigarettes With Erectile Dysfunction: The Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study. Am J Prev Med, 2022. 62: 26.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34922653
255.Trinchieri, M., et al. Erectile and Ejaculatory Dysfunction Associated with Use of Psychotropic Drugs: A Systematic Review. J Sex Med, 2021. 18: 1354.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34247952
256.Alberti, L., et al. Erectile dysfunction in heart failure patients: a critical reappraisal. Andrology, 2013. 1: 177.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23339018
257.Baumhakel, M., et al. Cardiovascular risk, drugs and erectile function--a systematic analysis. Int J Clin Pract, 2011. 65: 289.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21314866
258.Lin, W.Y., et al. Atrial fibrillation is associated with increased risk of erectile dysfunction: A nationwide population-based cohort study. Int J Cardiol, 2015. 190: 106.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25918058
259.Corona, G., et al. Endocrinologic Control of Men's Sexual Desire and Arousal/Erection. J Sex Med, 2016. 13: 317.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26944463
260.Farag, Y.M.K., et al. Vitamin D deficiency is independently associated with greater prevalence of erectile dysfunction: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2004. Atherosclerosis, 2016. 252: 61.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27505344
261.Caretta, N., et al. Hypovitaminosis D is associated with erectile dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. Endocrine, 2016. 53: 831.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26758995
262.Salem, S., et al. Serum uric acid as a risk predictor for erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med, 2014. 11: 1118.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24621054
263.Zhang, Y., et al. Serum Folic Acid and Erectile Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sex Med, 2021. 9: 100356.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34051538
264.Liu, Q., et al. Erectile Dysfunction and Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Sex Med, 2018. 15: 1073.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29960891
265.Velurajah, R., et al. Erectile dysfunction in patients with anxiety disorders: a systematic review. Int J Impot Res, 2022. 34: 177.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33603242
266.Perez-Garcia, L.F., et al. Sexual function and reproduction can be impaired in men with rheumatic diseases: A systematic review. Semin Arthritis Rheum, 2020. 50: 557.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32165034
267.Luo, L., et al. Association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and risk of erectile dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Impot Res, 2020. 32: 159.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31263249
268.He, W., et al. Migraine Is Associated With High Risk of Erectile Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Cumulative Analysis. J Sex Med, 2022. 19: 430.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35082102
269.Wu, X., et al. The Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Erectile Dysfunction in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Sex Med, 2022. 19: 950.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35491378
270.Xu, J., et al. Risk of osteoporosis in patients with erectile dysfunction: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore), 2021. 100: e26326.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34128874
271.Donovan, J.L., et al. Patient-Reported Outcomes after Monitoring, Surgery, or Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer. N Engl J Med, 2016. 375: 1425.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27626365
272.Sanda, M.G., et al. Quality of life and satisfaction with outcome among prostate-cancer survivors. N Engl J Med, 2008. 358: 1250.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18354103
273.Tal, R., et al. Erectile function recovery rate after radical prostatectomy: a meta-analysis. J Sex Med, 2009. 6: 2538.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19515209
274.Schauer, I., et al. Have rates of erectile dysfunction improved within the past 17 years after radical prostatectomy? A systematic analysis of the control arms of prospective randomized trials on penile rehabilitation. Andrology. 3 (4) (pp 661 665), 2015. Date of Publication: 01 Jul 2015., 2015.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26198796
275.Seftel, A.D., et al. Coexisting lower urinary tract symptoms and erectile dysfunction: a systematic review of epidemiological data. Int J Clin Pract, 2013. 67: 32.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23082930
276.Rosen, R., et al. Lower urinary tract symptoms and male sexual dysfunction: the multinational survey of the aging male (MSAM-7). Eur Urol, 2003. 44: 637.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14644114
277.Verze, P., et al. The impact of surgery for lower urinary tract symptoms/benign prostatic enlargement on both erectile and ejaculatory function: a systematic review. Int J Impot Res, 2019. 31: 319.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30996268
278.Li, H.J., et al. Prevalence of sexual dysfunction in men with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a meta-analysis. World J Urol, 2016. 34: 1009.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26546073
279.Chung, S.D., et al. A nationwide population-based study on bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis and ED. Int J Impot Res, 2013. 25: 224.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23552579
280.van der Poel, H.G., et al. Focal Therapy in Primary Localised Prostate Cancer: The European Association of Urology Position in 2018. Eur Urol, 2018. 74: 84.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29373215
281.Feng, C., et al. The relationship between erectile dysfunction and open urethroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sex Med, 2013. 10: 2060.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23656595
282.Gratzke, C., et al. Anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology of erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med, 2010. 7: 445.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20092448
283.Rasmussen, L., et al. Cardiovascular drugs and erectile dysfunction - a symmetry analysis. Br J Clin Pharmacol, 2015. 80: 1219.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26094913
284.Emanu, J.C., et al. Erectile dysfunction after radical prostatectomy: prevalence, medical treatments, and psychosocial interventions. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care, 2016. 10: 102.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26808052
285.Modh, R.A., et al. Sexual dysfunction after cystectomy and urinary diversion. Nat Rev Urol, 2014. 11: 445.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24980191
286.Celentano, V., et al. Sexual dysfunction following rectal cancer surgery. Int J Colorectal Dis, 2017. 32: 1523.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28497404
287.Wittmann, D., et al. Guidelines for Sexual Health Care for Prostate Cancer Patients: Recommendations of an International Panel. J Sex Med, 2022. 19: 1655.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36192299
288.Capogrosso, P., et al. Erectile Recovery After Radical Pelvic Surgery: Methodological Challenges and Recommendations for Data Reporting. J Sex Med, 2020. 17: 7.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31668729
289.Salonia, A., et al. Sexual Rehabilitation After Treatment For Prostate Cancer-Part 2: Recommendations From the Fourth International Consultation for Sexual Medicine (ICSM 2015). J Sex Med, 2017. 14: 297.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28262100
290.Hunt, A.A., et al. Risk of erectile dysfunction after modern radiotherapy for intact prostate cancer. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis, 2021. 24: 128.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32647352
291.Nolsoe, A.B., et al. Neglected side effects to curative prostate cancer treatments. Int J Impot Res, 2021. 33: 428.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33318637
292.Capogrosso, P., et al. Are We Improving Erectile Function Recovery After Radical Prostatectomy? Analysis of Patients Treated over the Last Decade. Eur Urol, 2019. 75: 221.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30237021
293.Salonia, A., et al. Prevention and management of postprostatectomy sexual dysfunctions. Part 1: choosing the right patient at the right time for the right surgery. Eur Urol, 2012. 62: 261.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22575909
294.Khoder, W.Y., et al. Do we need the nerve sparing radical prostatectomy techniques (intrafascial vs. interfascial) in men with erectile dysfunction? Results of a single-centre study. World J Urol, 2015. 33: 301.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24752607
295.Ju, I.E., et al. Surgeon Experience and Erectile Function After Radical Prostatectomy: A Systematic Review. Sex Med Rev, 2021. 9: 650.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34219004
296.Ficarra, V., et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting potency rates after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. Eur Urol, 2012. 62: 418.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22749850
297.Haglind, E., et al. Urinary Incontinence and Erectile Dysfunction After Robotic Versus Open Radical Prostatectomy: A Prospective, Controlled, Nonrandomised Trial. Eur Urol, 2015. 68: 216.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25770484
298.Yaxley, J.W., et al. Robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy versus open radical retropubic prostatectomy: early outcomes from a randomised controlled phase 3 study. Lancet, 2016. 388: 1057.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27474375
299.Stember, D.S., et al. The concept of erectile function preservation (penile rehabilitation) in the patient after brachytherapy for prostate cancer. Brachytherapy, 2012. 11: 87.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22330103
300.Gaither, T.W., et al. The Natural History of Erectile Dysfunction After Prostatic Radiotherapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Sex Med, 2017. 14: 1071.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28859870
301.Loi, M., et al. Sexual Function in Patients Treated With Stereotactic Radiotherapy For Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review of the Current Evidence. J Sex Med, 2019. 16: 1409.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31303575
302.Fallara, G., et al. Erectile function after focal therapy for localized prostate cancer: a systematic review. Int J Impot Res, 2021. 33: 418.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32999435
303.Hatzichristou, D., et al. Diagnosing Sexual Dysfunction in Men and Women: Sexual History Taking and the Role of Symptom Scales and Questionnaires. J Sex Med, 2016. 13: 1166.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27436074
304.Cilio, S., et al. Unrecognised orgasmic phase disorders in men presenting with new-onset erectile dysfunction-Findings from a real-life, cross-sectional study. Andrology, 2023.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37555487
305.The Process of Care Consensus Panel. The process of care model for evaluation and treatment of erectile dysfunction. The Process of Care Consensus Panel. Int J Impot Res, 1999. 11: 59.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10356665
306.Althof, S.E., et al. Standard operating procedures for taking a sexual history. J Sex Med, 2013. 10: 26.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22970717
307.Rosen, R.C., et al. The international index of erectile function (IIEF): a multidimensional scale for assessment of erectile dysfunction. Urology, 1997. 49: 822.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9187685
308.Rosen, R.C., et al. Development and evaluation of an abridged, 5-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) as a diagnostic tool for erectile dysfunction. Int J Impot Res, 1999. 11: 319.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10637462
309.Petrone, L., et al. Structured interview on erectile dysfunction (SIEDY): a new, multidimensional instrument for quantification of pathogenetic issues on erectile dysfunction. Int J Impot Res, 2003. 15: 210.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12904808
310.Mulhall, J.P., et al. Validation of the erection hardness score. J Sex Med, 2007. 4: 1626.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17888069
311.Davis-Joseph, B., et al. Accuracy of the initial history and physical examination to establish the etiology of erectile dysfunction. Urology, 1995. 45: 498.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7879338
312.Ghanem, H.M., et al. SOP: physical examination and laboratory testing for men with erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med, 2013. 10: 108.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22524416
313.Heidenreich, A., et al. EAU guidelines on prostate cancer. part 1: screening, diagnosis, and local treatment with curative intent-update 2013. Eur Urol, 2014. 65: 124.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24207135
314.Maggi, M., et al. Hormonal causes of male sexual dysfunctions and their management (hyperprolactinemia, thyroid disorders, GH disorders, and DHEA). J Sex Med, 2013. 10: 661.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22524444
315.Gazzaruso, C., et al. Erectile dysfunction can improve the effectiveness of the current guidelines for the screening for asymptomatic coronary artery disease in diabetes. Endocrine, 2011. 40: 273.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21861245
316.Turek, S.J., et al. Sexual dysfunction as a marker of cardiovascular disease in males with 50 or more years of type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care, 2013. 36: 3222.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23780949
317.Tanaka, Y., et al. Association of Erectile Dysfunction with Incident Atrial Fibrillation: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Am J Med, 2020. 133: 613.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31743659
318.Fang, S.C., et al. Changes in erectile dysfunction over time in relation to Framingham cardiovascular risk in the Boston Area Community Health (BACH) Survey. J Sex Med, 2015. 12: 100.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25293632
319.Nehra, A., et al. The Princeton III Consensus recommendations for the management of erectile dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. Mayo Clin Proc, 2012. 87: 766.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22862865
320.Kloner, R.A., et al. Princeton IV consensus guidelines: PDE5 inhibitors and cardiac health. J Sex Med, 2023.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38148297
321.DeBusk, R., et al. Management of sexual dysfunction in patients with cardiovascular disease: recommendations of The Princeton Consensus Panel. Am J Cardiol, 2000. 86: 175.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10913479
322.Kostis, J.B., et al. Sexual dysfunction and cardiac risk (the Second Princeton Consensus Conference). Am J Cardiol, 2005. 96: 313.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16018863
323.Zou, Z., et al. The Role of Nocturnal Penile Tumescence and Rigidity (NPTR) Monitoring in the Diagnosis of Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction: A Review. Sex Med Rev, 2019. 7: 442.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30612976
324.Qin, F., et al. Advantages and limitations of sleep-related erection and rigidity monitoring: a review. Int J Impot Res, 2018. 30: 192.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29855552
325.Hatzichristou, D.G., et al. Hemodynamic characterization of a functional erection. Arterial and corporeal veno-occlusive function in patients with a positive intracavernosal injection test. Eur Urol, 1999. 36: 60.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10364657
326.Sikka, S.C., et al. Standardization of vascular assessment of erectile dysfunction: standard operating procedures for duplex ultrasound. J Sex Med, 2013. 10: 120.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22970798
327.Pathak, R.A., et al. Novel Evidence-Based Classification of Cavernous Venous Occlusive Disease. J Urol, 2016. 196: 1223.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27164516
328.Capogrosso, P., et al. Low-Intensity Shock Wave Therapy in Sexual Medicine-Clinical Recommendations from the European Society of Sexual Medicine (ESSM). J Sex Med, 2019. 16: 1490.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31447380
329.Glina, S., et al. SOP: corpus cavernosum assessment (cavernosography/cavernosometry). J Sex Med, 2013. 10: 111.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22971225
330.Li, K., et al. The Relationships of Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate, Erectile Function and General Psychological Health. Sex Med, 2021. 9: 100386.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34273785
331.Nguyen, H.M.T., et al. Erectile Dysfunction in Young Men-A Review of the Prevalence and Risk Factors. Sex Med Rev, 2017. 5: 508.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28642047
332.Carvalho, J., et al. The Relationship Between COVID-19 Confinement, Psychological Adjustment, and Sexual Functioning, in a Sample of Portuguese Men and Women. J Sex Med, 2021. 18: 1191.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34116985
333.McCabe, M.P., et al. A systematic review of the psychosocial outcomes associated with erectile dysfunction: does the impact of erectile dysfunction extend beyond a man's inability to have sex? J Sex Med, 2014. 11: 347.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24251371
334.Rosen, R.C., et al. Men with Sexual Problems and Their Partners: Findings from the International Survey of Relationships. Arch Sex Behav, 2016. 45: 159.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26228991
335.Walther, A., et al. Psychobiological Protective Factors Modifying the Association Between Age and Sexual Health in Men: Findings From the Men's Health 40+ Study. Am J Mens Health, 2017. 11: 737.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28413941
336.Brotto, L., et al. Psychological and Interpersonal Dimensions of Sexual Function and Dysfunction. J Sex Med, 2016. 13: 538.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27045257
337.Derogatis, L.R., et al. The Brief Symptom Inventory: an introductory report. Psychol Med, 1983. 13: 595.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6622612
338.Parent, M.C., et al. Heterosexual Self-Presentation, Identity Management, and Sexual Functioning Among Men Who Have Sex with Men. Arch Sex Behav, 2021. 50: 3155.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34462841
339.Montorsi, F., et al. Summary of the recommendations on sexual dysfunctions in men. J Sex Med, 2010. 7: 3572.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21040491
340.Williams, P., et al. Men's beliefs about treatment for erectile dysfunction-what influences treatment use? A systematic review. Int J Impot Res, 2021. 33: 16.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32231275
341.Fruhauf, S., et al. Efficacy of psychological interventions for sexual dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Sex Behav, 2013. 42: 915.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23559141
342.Gupta, B.P., et al. The effect of lifestyle modification and cardiovascular risk factor reduction on erectile dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med, 2011. 171: 1797.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21911624
343.Hatzimouratidis, K., et al. Pharmacotherapy for Erectile Dysfunction: Recommendations From the Fourth International Consultation for Sexual Medicine (ICSM 2015). J Sex Med, 2016. 13: 465.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27045254
344.Cai, X., et al. The role of statins in erectile dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Asian J Androl, 2014. 16: 461.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24556747
345.Cui, Y., et al. The effect of statins on erectile dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sex Med, 2014. 11: 1367.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24628781
346.Vlachopoulos, C., et al. Erectile dysfunction in the cardiovascular patient. Eur Heart J, 2013. 34: 2034.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23616415
347.Glina, S., et al. Modifying risk factors to prevent and treat erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med, 2013. 10: 115.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22971247
348.Collins, C.E., et al. Improvement in erectile function following weight loss in obese men: the SHED-IT randomized controlled trial. Obes Res Clin Pract, 2013. 7: e450.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24459689
349.Gerbild, H., et al. Physical Activity to Improve Erectile Function: A Systematic Review of Intervention Studies. Sex Med, 2018. 6: 75.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29661646
350.Yuan, J., et al. Comparative effectiveness and safety of oral phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors for erectile dysfunction: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Eur Urol, 2013. 63: 902.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23395275
351.Chen, L., et al. Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for the treatment of erectile dysfunction: a trade-off network meta-analysis. Eur Urol, 2015. 68: 674.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25817916
352.Zhou, Z., et al. Meta-Analysis of the Long-Term Efficacy and Tolerance of Tadalafil Daily Compared With Tadalafil On-Demand in Treating Men With Erectile Dysfunction. Sex Med, 2019. 7: 282.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31307951
353.Goldstein, I., et al. Efficacy and Safety of Sildenafil by Age in Men With Erectile Dysfunction. J Sex Med, 2016. 13: 852.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27114196
354.Giuliano, F., et al. Safety of sildenafil citrate: review of 67 double-blind placebo-controlled trials and the postmarketing safety database. Int J Clin Pract, 2010. 64: 240.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19900167
355.Tsertsvadze, A., et al. Oral sildenafil citrate (viagra) for erectile dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of harms. Urology, 2009. 74: 831.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19592078
356.Chung, E., et al. A state of art review on vardenafil in men with erectile dysfunction and associated underlying diseases. Expert Opin Pharmacother, 2011. 12: 1341.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21548725
357.Wang, R., et al. Selectivity of avanafil, a PDE5 inhibitor for the treatment of erectile dysfunction: implications for clinical safety and improved tolerability. J Sex Med, 2012. 9: 2122.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22759639
358.Goldstein, I., et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled evaluation of the safety and efficacy of avanafil in subjects with erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med, 2012. 9: 1122.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22248153
359.Madeira, C.R., et al. Efficacy and safety of oral phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for erectile dysfunction: a network meta-analysis and multicriteria decision analysis. World J Urol, 2021. 39: 953.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32388784
360.Goldstein, I., et al. Oral sildenafil in the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Sildenafil Study Group. N Engl J Med, 1998. 338: 1397.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9580646
361.Moncada, I., et al. Efficacy of sildenafil citrate at 12 hours after dosing: re-exploring the therapeutic window. Eur Urol, 2004. 46: 357.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15306108
362.Goldstein, I., et al. Oral sildenafil in the treatment of erectile dysfunction. 1998. J Urol, 2002. 167: 1197.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11905901
363.Curran, M., et al. Tadalafil. Drugs, 2003. 63: 2203.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14498756
364.Ventimiglia, E., et al. The safety of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors for erectile dysfunction. Expert Opin Drug Saf, 2016. 15: 141.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26752541
365.Paduch, D.A., et al. Effects of 12 weeks of tadalafil treatment on ejaculatory and orgasmic dysfunction and sexual satisfaction in patients with mild to severe erectile dysfunction: integrated analysis of 17 placebo-controlled studies. BJU Int, 2013. 111: 334.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23356749
366.Roehrborn, C.G., et al. Erectile dysfunction and lower urinary tract symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (LUTS/BPH) combined responders to tadalafil after 12 weeks of treatment. BJU Int, 2016. 118: 153.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26765325
367.Gacci, M., et al. Latest Evidence on the Use of Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Secondary to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Eur Urol, 2016. 70: 124.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26806655
368.Keating, G.M., et al. Vardenafil: a review of its use in erectile dysfunction. Drugs, 2003. 63: 2673.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14636086
369.Capogrosso, P., et al. Time of onset of vardenafil orodispersible tablet in a real-life setting - looking beyond randomized clinical trials. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol, 2017. 10: 339.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28129714
370.Sanford, M. Vardenafil orodispersible tablet. Drugs, 2012. 72: 87.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22191797
371.Debruyne, F.M., et al. Time to onset of action of vardenafil: a retrospective analysis of the pivotal trials for the orodispersible and film-coated tablet formulations. J Sex Med, 2011. 8: 2912.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21883954
372.Gittelman, M., et al. The POTENT II randomised trial: efficacy and safety of an orodispersible vardenafil formulation for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Int J Clin Pract, 2010. 64: 594.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20456213
373.Sperling, H., et al. The POTENT I randomized trial: efficacy and safety of an orodispersible vardenafil formulation for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med, 2010. 7: 1497.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20233275
374.Hellstrom, W.J., et al. Efficacy of Avanafil 15 Minutes after Dosing in Men with Erectile Dysfunction: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled Study. J Urol, 2015. 194: 485.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25591992
375.Corona, G., et al. The safety and efficacy of Avanafil, a new 2<sup>nd</sup> generation PDE5i: Comprehensive review and meta-analysis. Expert Opinion on Drug Safety, 2016. 15(2): 237.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26646748
376.Brock, G., et al. Efficacy of Continuous Dosing of Tadalafil Once Daily vs Tadalafil On Demand in Clinical Subgroups of Men With Erectile Dysfunction: A Descriptive Comparison Using the Integrated Tadalafil Databases. J Sex Med, 2016. 13: 860.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27114197
377.Porst, H., et al. Tadalafil once daily in men with erectile dysfunction: an integrated analysis of data obtained from 1913 patients from six randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical studies. Eur Urol, 2014. 65: 455.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24119319
378.Burns, P.R., et al. Treatment satisfaction of men and partners following switch from on-demand phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor therapy to tadalafil 5mg once daily. Journal of Sexual Medicine. 12(3):720 7, 2015 Mar., 2015.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25615445
379.Buvat, J., et al. Continuation and effectiveness of tadalafil once daily during a 6-month observational study in erectile dysfunction: the EDATE study. Int J Clin Pract, 2014. 68: 1087.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25123817
380.Kloner, R.A., et al. Cardiovascular Safety of Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors After Nearly 2 Decades on the Market. Sex Med Rev, 2018. 6: 583.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29960874
381.Swearingen, D., et al. Hemodynamic effect of avanafil and glyceryl trinitrate coadministration. Drugs Context, 2013. 2013: 212248.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24432037
382.Gur, S., et al. Update on drug interactions with phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors prescribed as first-line therapy for patients with erectile dysfunction or pulmonary hypertension. Curr Drug Metab, 2013. 14: 265.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23140258
383.Corona, G., et al. The use of phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors with concomitant medications. J Endocrinol Invest, 2008. 31: 799.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18997493
384.Kloner, R.A. Novel phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors: assessing hemodynamic effects and safety parameters. Clin Cardiol, 2004. 27: I20.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15115192
385.Satake, N., et al. Potentiating effect of nicorandil, an antianginal agent, on relaxation induced by isoproterenol in isolated rat aorta: involvement of cyclic GMP-inhibitable cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol, 1995. 25: 489.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7769818
386.Pickering, T.G., et al. Sildenafil citrate for erectile dysfunction in men receiving multiple antihypertensive agents: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Hypertens, 2004. 17: 1135.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15607620
387.Adamou, C., et al. The hemodynamic interactions of combination therapy with alpha-blockers and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors compared to monotherapy with alpha-blockers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Urol Nephrol, 2020. 52: 1407.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32240459
388.Hatzichristou, D., et al. Sildenafil failures may be due to inadequate patient instructions and follow-up: a study on 100 non-responders. Eur Urol, 2005. 47: 518.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15774252
389.Rajagopalan, P., et al. Effect of high-fat breakfast and moderate-fat evening meal on the pharmacokinetics of vardenafil, an oral phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. J Clin Pharmacol, 2003. 43: 260.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12638394
390.Kyle, J.A., et al. Avanafil for erectile dysfunction. Ann Pharmacother, 2013. 47: 1312.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24259695
391.Wang, H., et al. The effectiveness and safety of avanafil for erectile dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Curr Med Res Opin, 2014. 30: 1565.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24701971
392.Gruenwald, I., et al. Positive effect of counseling and dose adjustment in patients with erectile dysfunction who failed treatment with sildenafil. Eur Urol, 2006. 50: 134.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16527391
393.Hatzimouratidis, K., et al. Treatment strategy for "non-responders" to tadalafil and vardenafil: a real-life study. Eur Urol, 2006. 50: 126.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16564127
394.Park, N.C., et al. Treatment Strategy for Non-Responders to PDE5 Inhibitors. World J Mens Health, 2013. 31: 31.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23658863
395.Porst, H., et al. SOP conservative (medical and mechanical) treatment of erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med, 2013. 10: 130.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23343170
396.Corona, G., et al. Testosterone supplementation and sexual function: a meta-analysis study. J Sex Med, 2014. 11: 1577.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24697970
397.Eardley, I., et al. Factors associated with preference for sildenafil citrate and tadalafil for treating erectile dysfunction in men naive to phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor therapy: post hoc analysis of data from a multicentre, randomized, open-label, crossover study. BJU Int, 2007. 100: 122.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17552960
398.Hatzimouratidis, K., et al. Psychosocial outcomes after initial treatment of erectile dysfunction with tadalafil once daily, tadalafil on demand or sildenafil citrate on demand: results from a randomized, open-label study. Int J Impot Res, 2014. 26: 223.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24784894
399.Liao, X., et al. Comparative efficacy and safety of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors for erectile dysfunction in diabetic men: a Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. World J Urol, 2019. 37: 1061.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30523399
400.Mykoniatis, I., et al. Assessment of Combination Therapies vs Monotherapy for Erectile Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open, 2021. 4: e2036337.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33599772
401.Cui, H., et al. Efficacy and safety of long-term tadalafil 5 mg once daily combined with sildenafil 50 mg as needed at the early stage of treatment for patients with erectile dysfunction. Andrologia. 47(1):20 4, 2015 Feb., 2015.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24387078
402.Anaissie, J., et al. Clinical use of alprostadil topical cream in patients with erectile dysfunction: a review. Res Rep Urol, 2016. 8: 123.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27536559
403.Rooney, M., et al. Long-term, multicenter study of the safety and efficacy of topical alprostadil cream in male patients with erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med, 2009. 6: 520.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19138370
404.Padma-Nathan, H., et al. An integrated analysis of alprostadil topical cream for the treatment of erectile dysfunction in 1732 patients. Urology, 2006. 68: 386.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16904458
405.Cai, T., et al. The intra-meatal application of alprostadil cream (Vitaros(R)) improves drug efficacy and patient's satisfaction: results from a randomized, two-administration route, cross-over clinical trial. Int J Impot Res, 2019. 31: 119.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30323234
406.Padma-Nathan, H., et al. Treatment of men with erectile dysfunction with transurethral alprostadil. Medicated Urethral System for Erection (MUSE) Study Group. N Engl J Med, 1997. 336: 1.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8970933
407.Costa, P., et al. Intraurethral alprostadil for erectile dysfunction: a review of the literature. Drugs, 2012. 72: 2243.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23170913
408.Mulhall, J.P., et al. Analysis of the consistency of intraurethral prostaglandin E(1) (MUSE) during at-home use. Urology, 2001. 58: 262.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11489714
409.Shabsigh, R., et al. Intracavernous alprostadil alfadex is more efficacious, better tolerated, and preferred over intraurethral alprostadil plus optional actis: a comparative, randomized, crossover, multicenter study. Urology, 2000. 55: 109.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10654905
410.Dewitte, M., et al. A Psychosocial Approach to Erectile Dysfunction: Position Statements from the European Society of Sexual Medicine (ESSM). Sex Med, 2021. 9: 100434.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34626919
411.Rizk, P.J., et al. Testosterone therapy improves erectile function and libido in hypogonadal men. Curr Opin Urol, 2017. 27: 511.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28816715
412.Levine, L.A., et al. Vacuum constriction and external erection devices in erectile dysfunction. Urol Clin North Am, 2001. 28: 335.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11402585
413.Yuan, J., et al. Vacuum therapy in erectile dysfunction--science and clinical evidence. Int J Impot Res, 2010. 22: 211.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20410903
414.Cookson, M.S., et al. Long-term results with vacuum constriction device. J Urol, 1993. 149: 290.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8426404
415.Lewis, R.W., et al. External vacuum therapy for erectile dysfunction: use and results. World J Urol, 1997. 15: 78.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9066099
416.Trost, L.W., et al. External Mechanical Devices and Vascular Surgery for Erectile Dysfunction. J Sex Med, 2016. 13: 1579.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27770853
417.Pajovic, B., et al. Vacuum erection device in treatment of organic erectile dysfunction and penile vascular differences between patients with DM type I and DM type II. Aging Male, 2017. 20: 49.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27690728
418.Eardley, I., et al. Pharmacotherapy for erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med, 2010. 7: 524.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20092451
419.Kattan, S., et al. Double-blind, cross-over study comparing prostaglandin E1 and papaverine in patients with vasculogenic impotence. Urology, 1991. 37: 516.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2038782
420.Lakin, M.M., et al. Intracavernous injection therapy: analysis of results and complications. J Urol, 1990. 143: 1138.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2342174
421.Moriel, E.Z., et al. Sodium bicarbonate alleviates penile pain induced by intracavernous injections for erectile dysfunction. J Urol, 1993. 149: 1299.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8386779
422.Gupta, R., et al. Predictors of success and risk factors for attrition in the use of intracavernous injection. J Urol, 1997. 157: 1681.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9112505
423.Sundaram, C.P., et al. Long-term follow-up of patients receiving injection therapy for erectile dysfunction. Urology, 1997. 49: 932.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9187703
424.Vardi, Y., et al. Logistic regression and survival analysis of 450 impotent patients treated with injection therapy: long-term dropout parameters. J Urol, 2000. 163: 467.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10647656
425.Porst, H., et al. Intracavernous Alprostadil Alfadex--an effective and well tolerated treatment for erectile dysfunction. Results of a long-term European study. Int J Impot Res, 1998. 10: 225.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9884918
426.Duncan, C., et al. Erectile dysfunction: a global review of intracavernosal injectables. World J Urol, 2019. 37: 1007.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30895359
427.Buvat, J., et al. Double-blind multicenter study comparing alprostadil alpha-cyclodextrin with moxisylyte chlorhydrate in patients with chronic erectile dysfunction. J Urol, 1998. 159: 116.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9400450
428.Mulhall, J.P., et al. Intracavernosal forskolin: role in management of vasculogenic impotence resistant to standard 3-agent pharmacotherapy. J Urol, 1997. 158: 1752.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9334594
429.Bechara, A., et al. Comparative study of papaverine plus phentolamine versus prostaglandin E1 in erectile dysfunction. J Urol, 1997. 157: 2132.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9146599
430.McMahon CG, et al. A comparison of the response to the intracavernosal injection of papaverine and phentolamine, prostaglandin E1 and a combination of all three agents in the management of impotence J Urol, 1999. 162.
431.Dinsmore, W.W., et al. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide/phentolamine for intracavernosal injection in erectile dysfunction. BJU Int, 2008. 102: 933.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18485029
432.Kim, J.H., et al. Mesenchymal stem cell-based gene therapy for erectile dysfunction. Int J Impot Res, 2016. 28: 81.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26888355
433.Patel, D.P., et al. Emerging Treatments for Erectile Dysfunction: a Review of Novel, Non-surgical Options. Curr Urol Rep, 2019. 20: 44.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31214818
434.Matz, E.L., et al. Stem Cell Therapy for Erectile Dysfunction. Sex Med Rev, 2019. 7: 321.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29631980
435.Yu, B., et al. Advances in Gene Therapy for Erectile Dysfunction: Promises and Challenges. Curr Gene Ther, 2018. 18: 351.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30289066
436.Scott, S., et al. Platelet-Rich Plasma and Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction: Critical Review of Literature and Global Trends in Platelet-Rich Plasma Clinics. Sex Med Rev, 2019. 7: 306.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30833169
437.Epifanova, M.V., et al. Platelet-Rich Plasma Therapy for Male Sexual Dysfunction: Myth or Reality? Sex Med Rev, 2020. 8: 106.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30898594
438.Chung, E., et al. Evaluation of clinical efficacy, safety and patient satisfaction rate after low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy for the treatment of male erectile dysfunction: an Australian first open-label single-arm prospective clinical trial. BJU Int, 2015. 115 Suppl 5: 46.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25828173
439.Gruenwald, I., et al. Shockwave treatment of erectile dysfunction. Ther Adv Urol, 2013. 5: 95.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23554844
440.Gruenwald, I., et al. Low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy--a novel effective treatment for erectile dysfunction in severe ED patients who respond poorly to PDE5 inhibitor therapy. J Sex Med, 2012. 9: 259.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22008059
441.Olsen, A.B., et al. Can low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy improve erectile dysfunction? A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Scandinavian Journal of Urology. 49 (4) (pp 329 333), 2015. Date of Publication: 01 Aug 2015., 2015.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25470423
442.Vardi, Y., et al. Can low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy improve erectile function? A 6-month follow-up pilot study in patients with organic erectile dysfunction. Eur Urol, 2010. 58: 243.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20451317
443.Kitrey, N.D., et al. Penile Low Intensity Shock Wave Treatment is Able to Shift PDE5i Nonresponders to Responders: A Double-Blind, Sham Controlled Study. J Urol, 2016. 195: 1550.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26694904
444.Hisasue, S., et al. Impact of aging and comorbidity on the efficacy of low-intensity shock wave therapy for erectile dysfunction. Int J Urol, 2016. 23: 80.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26501992
445.Young Academic Urologists Men's Health, G., et al. Low-intensity shockwave therapy for erectile dysfunction: is the evidence strong enough? Nat Rev Urol, 2017. 14: 593.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28741629
446.Sokolakis, I., et al. Clinical studies on low intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy for erectile dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Int J Impot Res, 2019. 31: 177.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30664671
447.Porst, H. Review of the Current Status of Low Intensity Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy (Li-ESWT) in Erectile Dysfunction (ED), Peyronie's Disease (PD), and Sexual Rehabilitation After Radical Prostatectomy With Special Focus on Technical Aspects of the Different Marketed ESWT Devices Including Personal Experiences in 350 Patients. Sex Med Rev, 2021. 9: 93.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32499189
448.Kalyvianakis, D., et al. Low-intensity shockwave therapy (LiST) for erectile dysfunction: a randomized clinical trial assessing the impact of energy flux density (EFD) and frequency of sessions. Int J Impot Res, 2020. 32: 329.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31474753
449.Kalyvianakis, D., et al. Low-Intensity Shockwave Therapy Improves Hemodynamic Parameters in Patients With Vasculogenic Erectile Dysfunction: A Triplex Ultrasonography-Based Sham-Controlled Trial. J Sex Med, 2017. 14: 891.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28673433
450.Bechara, A., et al. Twelve-Month Efficacy and Safety of Low-Intensity Shockwave Therapy for Erectile Dysfunction in Patients Who Do Not Respond to Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors. Sex Med, 2016. 4: e225.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27444215
451.Vinay, J., et al. Penile low intensity shock wave treatment for PDE5I refractory erectile dysfunction: a randomized double-blind sham-controlled clinical trial. World J Urol, 2021. 39: 2217.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32696128
452.Lu, Z., et al. Low-intensity Extracorporeal Shock Wave Treatment Improves Erectile Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Eur Urol, 2017. 71: 223.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27321373
453.Chung, E., et al. Evaluation of Long-Term Clinical Outcomes and Patient Satisfaction Rate Following Low Intensity Shock Wave Therapy in Men With Erectile Dysfunction: A Minimum 5-Year Follow-Up on a Prospective Open-Label Single-Arm Clinical Study. Sex Med, 2021. 9: 100384.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34126432
454.Tao, R., et al. The Efficacy of Li-ESWT Combined With VED in Diabetic ED Patients Unresponsive to PDE5is: A Single-Center, Randomized Clinical Trial. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 2022. 13: 937958.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35813628
455.Kaynak, Y., et al. Long-term effects of combination treatment comprising low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy and tadalafil for patients with erectile dysfunction: a retrospective study. Int J Impot Res, 2023.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37644168
456.Mykoniatis, I., et al. The Effect of Combination Treatment With Low-Intensity Shockwave Therapy and Tadalafil on Mild and Mild-To-Moderate Erectile Dysfunction: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. J Sex Med, 2022. 19: 106.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34866029
457.Rho, B.Y., et al. Efficacy of Low-Intensity Extracorporeal Shock Wave Treatment in Erectile Dysfunction Following Radical Prostatectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med, 2022. 11.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35628901
458.Sighinolfi, M.C., et al. Low-intensity Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy for the Management of Postprostatectomy Erectile Dysfunction: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Eur Urol Open Sci, 2022. 43: 45.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35928730
459.Matthew, A.N., et al. The use of low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy in management of erectile dysfunction following prostate cancer treatment: a review of the current literature. Transl Androl Urol, 2023. 12: 1023.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37426598
460.Epifanova M, et al. Combined therapy for treating erectile dysfunction: First results on the use of low intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy and platelet-rich plasma. BJU Int, 2019. 123.
461.Banno JJ, et al. The efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as a supplemental therapy for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED): Initial outcomes. J Sex Med, 2017. 14.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsxm.2016.12.134
462.Chalyj, M.E., et al. [the Effectiveness of Intracavernous Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma in the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction]. Urologiia, 2015: 76.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26665770
463.Ruffo, A., et al. Effectiveness and safety of Platelet rich Plasma (PrP) cavernosal injections plus external shock wave treatment for penile erectile dysfunction: First results from a prospective, randomized, controlled, interventional study. European Urology Supplements, 2019. 18: e1622.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1569905619311753?via%3Dihub
464.Matz, E.L., et al. Safety and feasibility of platelet rich fibrin matrix injections for treatment of common urologic conditions. Investig Clin Urol, 2018. 59: 61.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29333517
465.Alkhayal, S., et al. PO-01-091 Platelet Rich Plasma Penile Rejuvenation as a Treatment for Erectile Dysfunction: An Update. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 2019. 16: S71.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.03.228
466.Poulios, E., et al. Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Improves Erectile Function: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. J Sex Med, 2021. 18: 926.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33906807
467.Oudelaar, B.W., et al. Concentrations of Blood Components in Commercial Platelet-Rich Plasma Separation Systems: A Review of the Literature. Am J Sports Med, 2019. 47: 479.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29337592
468.Shaher, H., et al. Is Platelet Rich Plasma Safe and Effective in Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction? Randomized Controlled Study. Urology, 2023. 175: 114.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36736914
469.Masterson, T.A., et al. Platelet-rich Plasma for the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial. Reply. J Urol, 2023. 210: 734.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37811758
470.Panunzio, A., et al. Platelet-rich plasma intracavernosal injections for the treatment of primary organic erectile dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of contemporary controlled studies. Int J Impot Res, 2023.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37993601
471.Khodamoradi, K., et al. Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) Growth Factor Concentration Varies in Men With Erectile Dysfunction. J Sex Med, 2022. 19: 1488.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35817715
472.Lokeshwar, S.D., et al. A Systematic Review of Human Trials Using Stem Cell Therapy for Erectile Dysfunction. Sex Med Rev, 2020. 8: 122.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31640911
473.Reddy, A.G., et al. Application of Botulinum Neurotoxin in Male Sexual Dysfunction: Where Are We Now? Sex Med Rev, 2021. 9: 320.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32641225
474.Abdelrahman, I.F.S., et al. Safety and efficacy of botulinum neurotoxin in the treatment of erectile dysfunction refractory to phosphodiesterase inhibitors: Results of a randomized controlled trial. Andrology, 2022. 10: 254.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34618409
475.El-Shaer, W., et al. Intra-cavernous injection of BOTOX((R)) (50 and 100 Units) for treatment of vasculogenic erectile dysfunction: Randomized controlled trial. Andrology, 2021. 9: 1166.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33784020
476.Giuliano, F., et al. Long Term Effectiveness and Safety of Intracavernosal Botulinum Toxin A as an Add-on Therapy to Phosphosdiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors or Prostaglandin E1 Injections for Erectile Dysfunction. J Sex Med, 2022. 19: 83.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34937674
477.Giuliano, F., et al. Safety and Efficacy of Intracavernosal Injections of AbobotulinumtoxinA (Dysport((R))) as Add on Therapy to Phosphosdiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors or Prostaglandin E1 for Erectile Dysfunction-Case Studies. Toxins (Basel), 2019. 11.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31117236
478.Lee, H.W., et al. Ginseng for Erectile Dysfunction: A Cochrane Systematic Review. World J Mens Health, 2022. 40: 264.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34169686
479.Xu, J., et al. Association between folic acid, homocysteine, vitamin B12 and erectile dysfunction-A cross-sectional study. Andrologia, 2021. 53: e14234.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34498733
480.Jo, J.K., et al. Effect of Starting Penile Rehabilitation with Sildenafil Immediately after Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy on Erectile Function Recovery: A Prospective Randomized Trial. J Urol, 2018. 199: 1600.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29307683
481.Montorsi, F., et al. Effect of nightly versus on-demand vardenafil on recovery of erectile function in men following bilateral nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy. Eur Urol, 2008. 54: 924.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18640769
482.Montorsi, F., et al. Effects of tadalafil treatment on erectile function recovery following bilateral nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy: a randomised placebo-controlled study (REACTT). Eur Urol, 2014. 65: 587.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24169081
483.Montorsi, F., et al. Exploratory Decision-Tree Modeling of Data from the Randomized REACTT Trial of Tadalafil Versus Placebo to Predict Recovery of Erectile Function After Bilateral Nerve-Sparing Radical Prostatectomy. Eur Urol, 2016. 70: 529.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26947602
484.Philippou, Y.A., et al. Penile rehabilitation for postprostatectomy erectile dysfunction. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2018. 10: CD012414.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30352488
485.Sridhar, A.N., et al. Recovery of Baseline Erectile Function in Men Following Radical Prostatectomy for High-Risk Prostate Cancer: A Prospective Analysis Using Validated Measures. J Sex Med, 2016. 13: 435.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26944466
486.Qin, F., et al. The Early Use of Vacuum Therapy for Penile Rehabilitation After Radical Prostatectomy: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Am J Mens Health, 2018. 12: 2136.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30182794
487.Feng, D., et al. Generating comprehensive comparative evidence on various interventions for penile rehabilitation in patients with erectile dysfunction after radical prostatectomy: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Transl Androl Urol, 2021. 10: 109.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33532301
488.Wong, C., et al. A Systematic Review of Pelvic Floor Muscle Training for Erectile Dysfunction After Prostatectomy and Recommendations to Guide Further Research. J Sex Med, 2020. 17: 737.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32029399
489.Sohn, M., et al. Standard operating procedures for vascular surgery in erectile dysfunction: revascularization and venous procedures. J Sex Med, 2013. 10: 172.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23171072
490.Antonini, G., et al. Minimally invasive infrapubic inflatable penile prosthesis implant for erectile dysfunction: evaluation of efficacy, satisfaction profile and complications. Int J Impot Res, 2016. 28: 4.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26657316
491.Hellstrom, W.J., et al. Implants, mechanical devices, and vascular surgery for erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med, 2010. 7: 501.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20092450
492.Martinez-Salamanca, J.I., et al. Penile prosthesis surgery in patients with corporal fibrosis: a state of the art review. J Sex Med, 2011. 8: 1880.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21492405
493.Montague, D.K. Penile prosthesis implantation in the era of medical treatment for erectile dysfunction. Urol Clin North Am, 2011. 38: 217.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21621088
494.Casabe, A.R., et al. Satisfaction assessment with malleable prosthetic implant of Spectra (AMS) and Genesis (Coloplast) models. Int J Impot Res, 2016. 28: 228.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27557609
495.Atri, E., et al. A Comparison Between AMS 700 and Coloplast Titan: A Systematic Literature Review. Cureus, 2020. 12: e11350.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33304685
496.Mulcahy, J.J., et al. The penile implant for erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med, 2004. 1: 98.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16422990
497.Montague, D.K., et al. Penile prosthesis implantation. Urol Clin North Am, 2001. 28: 355.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11402587
498.Palmisano, F., et al. Comparison of Infrapubic vs Penoscrotal Approaches for 3-Piece Inflatable Penile Prosthesis Placement: Do We Have a Winner? Sex Med Rev, 2018. 6: 631.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29730314
499.Bettocchi, C., et al. Patient and partner satisfaction after AMS inflatable penile prosthesis implant. J Sex Med, 2010. 7: 304.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19758282
500.Chung, E., et al. Penile prosthesis implantation for the treatment for male erectile dysfunction: clinical outcomes and lessons learnt after 955 procedures. World J Urol, 2013. 31: 591.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22457032
501.Falcone, M., et al. Prospective analysis of the surgical outcomes and patients' satisfaction rate after the AMS Spectra penile prosthesis implantation. Urology, 2013. 82: 373.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23791218
502.Henry, G.D., et al. A survey of patients with inflatable penile prostheses: assessment of timing and frequency of intercourse and analysis of implant durability. J Sex Med, 2012. 9: 1715.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22568579
503.Kim, D.S., et al. AMS 700CX/CXM inflatable penile prosthesis has high mechanical reliability at long-term follow-up. J Sex Med, 2010. 7: 2602.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20384938
504.Lux, M., et al. Outcomes and satisfaction rates for the redesigned 2-piece penile prosthesis. J Urol, 2007. 177: 262.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17162061
505.Natali, A., et al. Penile implantation in Europe: successes and complications with 253 implants in Italy and Germany. J Sex Med, 2008. 5: 1503.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18410306
506.Otero, J.R., et al. Comparison of the patient and partner satisfaction with 700CX and Titan penile prostheses. Asian J Androl, 2017. 19: 321.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26806085
507.Chierigo, F., et al. Long-Term Follow-Up After Penile Prosthesis Implantation-Survival and Quality of Life Outcomes. J Sex Med, 2019. 16: 1827.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31501062
508.Pisano, F., et al. The importance of psychosexual counselling in the re-establishment of organic and erotic functions after penile prosthesis implantation. Int J Impot Res, 2015. 27: 197.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26268774
509.Akakpo, W., et al. Critical Analysis of Satisfaction Assessment After Penile Prosthesis Surgery. Sex Med Rev, 2017. 5: 244.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28143706
510.Carson, C.C., et al. Efficacy, safety and patient satisfaction outcomes of the AMS 700CX inflatable penile prosthesis: results of a long-term multicenter study. AMS 700CX Study Group. J Urol, 2000. 164: 376.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10893589
511.Wilson, S.K., et al. Comparison of mechanical reliability of original and enhanced Mentor Alpha I penile prosthesis. J Urol, 1999. 162: 715.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10458350
512.Mandava, S.H., et al. Infection retardant coated inflatable penile prostheses decrease the incidence of infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Urol, 2012. 188: 1855.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22999690
513.Trost, L.W., et al. Long-term outcomes of penile prostheses for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Expert Rev Med Devices, 2013. 10: 353.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23668707
514.Chung, E., et al. A Worldwide Survey on Peyronie's Disease Surgical Practice Patterns Among Surgeons. J Sex Med, 2018. 15: 568.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29550462
515.Mahon, J., et al. Infectious Adverse Events Following the Placement of a Penile Prosthesis: A Systematic Review. Sex Med Rev, 2020. 8: 348.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31519461
516.Carson, C.C., 3rd, et al. Long-term infection outcomes after original antibiotic impregnated inflatable penile prosthesis implants: up to 7.7 years of followup. J Urol, 2011. 185: 614.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21168870
517.Darouiche, R.O., et al. North American consensus document on infection of penile prostheses. Urology, 2013. 82: 937.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23958508
518.Serefoglu, E.C., et al. Long-term revision rate due to infection in hydrophilic-coated inflatable penile prostheses: 11-year follow-up. J Sex Med, 2012. 9: 2182.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22759917
519.Zargaroff, S., et al. National trends in the treatment of penile prosthesis infections by explantation alone vs. immediate salvage and reimplantation. J Sex Med, 2014. 11: 1078.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24628707
520.Pineda, M., et al. Penile Prosthesis Infections-A Review of Risk Factors, Prevention, and Treatment. Sex Med Rev, 2016. 4: 389.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27872031
521.Dropkin, B.M., et al. Antibiotics and Inflatable Penile Prosthesis Insertion: A Literature Review. Sex Med Rev, 2021. 9: 174.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32631811
522.Bode, L.G., et al. Preventing surgical-site infections in nasal carriers of Staphylococcus aureus. N Engl J Med, 2010. 362: 9.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20054045
523.Lipsky, M.J., et al. Diabetes Is a Risk Factor for Inflatable Penile Prosthesis Infection: Analysis of a Large Statewide Database. Sex Med, 2019. 7: 35.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30674445
524.Canguven, O., et al. Is Hba1c level of diabetic patients associated with penile prosthesis implantation infections? Aging Male, 2018: 1.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29523037
525.Towe, M., et al. Impact of Antimicrobial Dipping Solutions on Postoperative Infection Rates in Patients With Diabetes Undergoing Primary Insertion of a Coloplast Titan Inflatable Penile Prosthesis. J Sex Med, 2020. 17: 2077.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32807707
526.Mulcahy, J.J. Long-term experience with salvage of infected penile implants. J Urol, 2000. 163: 481.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10647660
527.Henry, G.D., et al. An outcomes analysis of over 200 revision surgeries for penile prosthesis implantation: a multicenter study. J Sex Med, 2012. 9: 309.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22082149
528.Gross, M.S., et al. The Malleable Implant Salvage Technique: Infection Outcomes after Mulcahy Salvage Procedure and Replacement of Infected Inflatable Penile Prosthesis with Malleable Prosthesis. J Urol, 2016. 195: 694.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26343986
529.Scherzer, N.D., et al. Penile Prosthesis Complications: Planning, Prevention, and Decision Making. Sex Med Rev, 2019. 7: 349.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30033128
530.Hebert, K., et al. Acute Post-Inflatable Penile Prosthesis Glans Ischemia: Review of Incidence, Pathophysiology, and Management Recommendations. J Sex Med, 2019. 16: 1.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30509507
531.Clement, P., et al. Physiology and Pharmacology of Ejaculation. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol, 2016. 119 Suppl 3: 18.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26709195
532.Waldinger, M.D. The neurobiological approach to premature ejaculation. J Urol, 2002. 168: 2359.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12441918
533.Gao, J., et al. The impact of intravaginal ejaculatory latency time and erectile function on anxiety and depression in the four types of premature ejaculation: a large cross-sectional study in a Chinese population. J Sex Med, 2014. 11: 521.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24274171
534.Kempeneers, P., et al. Sexual Cognitions, Trait Anxiety, Sexual Anxiety, and Distress in Men With Different Subtypes of Premature Ejaculation and in Their Partners. J Sex Marital Ther, 2018. 44: 319.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29161211
535.Ventus, D., et al. No Evidence for Long-Term Causal Associations Between Symptoms of Premature Ejaculation and Symptoms of Anxiety, Depression, and Sexual Distress in a Large, Population-Based Longitudinal Sample. J Sex Res, 2017. 54: 264.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27982691
536.Yang, Y., et al. Correlations and stratification analysis between premature ejaculation and psychological disorders. Andrologia, 2019. 51: e13315.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31090231
537.Wiggins, A., et al. The Penile Sensitivity Ratio: A Novel Application of Biothesiometry to Assess Changes in Penile Sensitivity. J Sex Med, 2019. 16: 447.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30773499
538.Chen, X., et al. Penile sensory thresholds in subtypes of premature ejaculation: implications of comorbid erectile dysfunction. Asian J Androl, 2018. 20: 330.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29405168
539.Guo, L., et al. Significance of penile hypersensitivity in premature ejaculation. Sci Rep, 2017. 7: 10441.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28874780
540.Xia, J.D., et al. A reassessment of penile sensory pathways and effects of prilocaine-lidocaine cream in primary premature ejaculation. Int J Impot Res, 2014. 26: 186.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24572995
541.Salonia, A., et al. Quantitative sensory testing of peripheral thresholds in patients with lifelong premature ejaculation: a case-controlled study. J Sex Med, 2009. 6: 1755.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19453912
542.Xin, Z.C., et al. Somatosensory evoked potentials in patients with primary premature ejaculation. J Urol, 1997. 158: 451.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9224321
543.Xin, Z.C., et al. Penile sensitivity in patients with primary premature ejaculation. J Urol, 1996. 156: 979.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8709378
544.Sun, Z., et al. A Study of Differences in Penile Dorsal Nerve Somatosensory Evoked Potential Testing Among Healthy Controls and Patients With Primary and Secondary Premature Ejaculation. J Sex Med, 2021. 18: 732.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33744179
545.Khan, H.L., et al. Serotonin transporter (5-HTTLPR) genotypes and trinucleotide repeats of androgen receptor exert a combinatorial effect on hormonal milieu in patients with lifelong premature ejaculation. Andrology, 2018. 6: 916.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30019487
546.Roaiah, M.F., et al. Study of the prevalence of 5 HT-2C receptor gene polymorphisms in Egyptian patients with lifelong premature ejaculation. Andrologia, 2018. 50.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28730747
547.Janssen, P.K., et al. The 5-HT2C receptor gene Cys23Ser polymorphism influences the intravaginal ejaculation latency time in Dutch Caucasian men with lifelong premature ejaculation. Asian J Androl, 2014. 16: 607.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24799636
548.Janssen, P.K., et al. The 5-HT(1)A receptor C(1019)G polymorphism influences the intravaginal ejaculation latency time in Dutch Caucasian men with lifelong premature ejaculation. Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 2014. 121: 184.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24440118
549.Hsieh, J.T., et al. The activation of peripheral 5-HT1A receptors can inhibit seminal vesicle contraction: an in vivo animal study. Urology, 2011. 78: 376.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21676447
550.Janssen, P.K., et al. Serotonin transporter promoter region (5-HTTLPR) polymorphism is associated with the intravaginal ejaculation latency time in Dutch men with lifelong premature ejaculation. J Sex Med, 2009. 6: 276.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19170855
551.Waldinger, M.D., et al. Changing paradigms from a historical DSM-III and DSM-IV view toward an evidence-based definition of premature ejaculation. Part I--validity of DSM-IV-TR. J Sex Med, 2006. 3: 682.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16839325
552.Waldinger, M.D., et al. Changing paradigms from a historical DSM-III and DSM-IV view toward an evidence-based definition of premature ejaculation. Part II--proposals for DSM-V and ICD-11. J Sex Med, 2006. 3: 693.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16839326
553.Waldinger, M.D., et al. Method and design of drug treatment research of subjective premature ejaculation in men differs from that of lifelong premature ejaculation in males: proposal for a new objective measure (part 1). Int J Impot Res, 2019. 31: 328.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30647430
554.Waldinger, M.D. The pathophysiology of lifelong premature ejaculation. Transl Androl Urol, 2016. 5: 424.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27652215
555.Carani, C., et al. Multicenter study on the prevalence of sexual symptoms in male hypo- and hyperthyroid patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2005. 90: 6472.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16204360
556.Corona, G., et al. Psycho-biological correlates of rapid ejaculation in patients attending an andrologic unit for sexual dysfunctions. Eur Urol, 2004. 46: 615.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15474272
557.McMahon, C.G., et al. The pathophysiology of acquired premature ejaculation. Transl Androl Urol, 2016. 5: 434.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27652216
558.Zhang, W., et al. Poor Sleep Quality is an Independent Risk Factor for Acquired Premature Ejaculation. Nat Sci Sleep, 2022. 14: 255.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35228824
559.Murray, K.S., et al. A prospective study of erectile function after transrectal ultrasonography-guided prostate biopsy. BJU Int, 2015. 116: 190.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25430505
560.Verze, P., et al. Premature Ejaculation Among Italian Men: Prevalence and Clinical Correlates From an Observational, Non-Interventional, Cross-Sectional, Epidemiological Study (IPER). Sex Med, 2018. 6: 193.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29803639
561.Carson, C., et al. Premature ejaculation: definition and prevalence. Int J Impot Res, 2006. 18 Suppl 1: S5.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16953247
562.Richardson, D., et al. Premature ejaculation--does country of origin tell us anything about etiology? J Sex Med, 2005. 2: 508.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16422845
563.Waldinger, M.D., et al. Familial occurrence of primary premature ejaculation. Psychiatr Genet, 1998. 8: 37.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9564687
564.Janssen, P.K., et al. Measurement errors in polymerase chain reaction are a confounding factor for a correct interpretation of 5-HTTLPR polymorphism effects on lifelong premature ejaculation: a critical analysis of a previously published meta-analysis of six studies. PLoS One, 2014. 9: e88031.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24595335
565.Jern, P., et al. A reassessment of the possible effects of the serotonin transporter gene linked polymorphism 5-HTTLPR on premature ejaculation. Arch Sex Behav, 2013. 42: 45.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22810993
566.Jern, P., et al. Preliminary Evidence for an Association Between Variants of the Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) Gene and Premature Ejaculation. J Sex Med, 2017. 14: 1558.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29198511
567.Kim, M., et al. Erectile dysfunction in patients with liver disease related to chronic hepatitis B. Clin Mol Hepatol, 2015. 21: 352.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26770923
568.Screponi, E., et al. Prevalence of chronic prostatitis in men with premature ejaculation. Urology, 2001. 58: 198.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11489699
569.Shamloul, R., et al. Chronic prostatitis in premature ejaculation: a cohort study in 153 men. J Sex Med, 2006. 3: 150.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16409229
570.Chierigo, F., et al. Lower urinary tract symptoms and depressive symptoms among patients presenting for distressing early ejaculation. Int J Impot Res, 2020. 32: 207.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31024115
571.Culha, M.G., et al. Frequency of etiological factors among patients with acquired premature ejaculation: prospective, observational, single-center study. Int J Impot Res, 2020. 32: 352.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31477853
572.Corona, G., et al. Hypoprolactinemia: a new clinical syndrome in patients with sexual dysfunction. J Sex Med, 2009. 6: 1457.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19210705
573.Corona, G., et al. Premature and delayed ejaculation: two ends of a single continuum influenced by hormonal milieu. Int J Androl, 2011. 34: 41.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20345874
574.Kadihasanoglu, M., et al. Relation between blood vitamin B12 levels with premature ejaculation: case-control study. Andrologia, 2017. 49.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27681841
575.Abd El Aal, A.M., et al. Serum vitamin D level may be a novel potential risk factor for premature ejaculation: a comparative study. Int Urol Nephrol, 2018. 50: 1975.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30155606
576.Majzoub, A., et al. Premature ejaculation in type II diabetes mellitus patients: association with glycemic control. Transl Androl Urol, 2016. 5: 248.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27141454
577.Bellastella, G., et al. Premature ejaculation is associated with glycemic control in Type 1 diabetes. J Sex Med, 2015. 12: 93.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25424355
578.Jeh, S.U., et al. Metabolic Syndrome Is an Independent Risk Factor for Acquired Premature Ejaculation. World J Mens Health, 2019. 37: 226.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30588783
579.Bolat, D., et al. The relationship between acquired premature ejaculation and metabolic syndrome: a prospective, comparative study. Int J Impot Res, 2017. 29: 105.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28179637
580.Ventus, D., et al. Lifestyle Factors and Premature Ejaculation: Are Physical Exercise, Alcohol Consumption, and Body Mass Index Associated With Premature Ejaculation and Comorbid Erectile Problems? J Sex Med, 2016. 13: 1482.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27590186
581.Dunn, K.M., et al. Association of sexual problems with social, psychological, and physical problems in men and women: a cross sectional population survey. J Epidemiol Community Health, 1999. 53: 144.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10396490
582.Xia, Y., et al. Relationship between premature ejaculation and depression: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore), 2016. 95: e4620.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27583879
583.Rowland, D., et al. Self-reported premature ejaculation and aspects of sexual functioning and satisfaction. J Sex Med, 2004. 1: 225.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16429622
584.Rowland, D.L., et al. The psychological burden of premature ejaculation. J Urol, 2007. 177: 1065.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17296413
585.Hanafy, S., et al. Prevalence of premature ejaculation and its impact on the quality of life: Results from a sample of Egyptian patients. Andrologia, 2019. 51: e13298.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31025424
586.Abdo, C.H. The impact of ejaculatory dysfunction upon the sufferer and his partner. Transl Androl Urol, 2016. 5: 460.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27652218
587.Burri, A., et al. Female partner's perception of premature ejaculation and its impact on relationship breakups, relationship quality, and sexual satisfaction. J Sex Med, 2014. 11: 2243.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24774717
588.Byers, E.S., et al. Premature or rapid ejaculation: heterosexual couples' perceptions of men's ejaculatory behavior. Arch Sex Behav, 2003. 32: 261.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12807298
589.Canat, L., et al. The relationship between female sexual function index domains and premature ejaculation. Int Urol Nephrol, 2018. 50: 633.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29497891
590.Limoncin, E., et al. Premature ejaculation results in female sexual distress: standardization and validation of a new diagnostic tool for sexual distress. J Urol, 2013. 189: 1830.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23142691
591.Zucker, I., et al. Majority of men with premature ejaculation do not receive pharmacotherapy. Int J Impot Res, 2023. 35: 544.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35840677
592.Solursh, D.S., et al. The human sexuality education of physicians in North American medical schools. Int J Impot Res, 2003. 15 Suppl 5: S41.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14551576
593.Sotomayor, M. The burden of premature ejaculation: the patient's perspective. J Sex Med, 2005. 2 Suppl 2: 110.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16422797
594.Cilio, S., et al. Premature ejaculation among men with erectile dysfunction-findings from a real-life cross-sectional study. Int J Impot Res, 2023. 35: 558.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35915329
595.Parnham, A., et al. Classification and definition of premature ejaculation. Transl Androl Urol, 2016. 5: 416.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27652214
596.Organization, W.H. International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics (ICD- 11-MMS). The global standard for diagnostic health information. 2018.
https://www.who.int/standards/classifications/classification-of-diseases
597.Serefoglu, E.C., et al. An evidence-based unified definition of lifelong and acquired premature ejaculation: report of the second International Society for Sexual Medicine Ad Hoc Committee for the Definition of Premature Ejaculation. J Sex Med, 2014. 11: 1423.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24848805
598.Waldinger, M.D., et al. Differences between ICD-11 MMS and DSM-5 definition of premature ejaculation: a continuation of historical inadequacies and a source of serious misinterpretation by some European Regulatory Agencies (PART 2). Int J Impot Res, 2019. 31: 310.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30659291
599.Shabsigh, R. Diagnosing premature ejaculation: a review. J Sex Med, 2006. 3 Suppl 4: 318.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16939476
600.Sharlip, I. Diagnosis and treatment of premature ejaculation: the physician's perspective. J Sex Med, 2005. 2 Suppl 2: 103.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16422796
601.Althof, S.E., et al. An update of the International Society of Sexual Medicine's guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of premature ejaculation (PE). J Sex Med, 2014. 11: 1392.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24848686
602.Shindel, A.W., et al. Disorders of Ejaculation: An AUA/SMSNA Guideline. J Urol, 2022. 207: 504.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34961344
603.Rowland, D.L., et al. Premature ejaculation: psychophysiological considerations in theory, research, and treatment. Annu Rev Sex Res, 1997. 8: 224.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10051895
604.Waldinger, M.D., et al. Relevance of methodological design for the interpretation of efficacy of drug treatment of premature ejaculation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Impot Res, 2004. 16: 369.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14961051
605.Waldinger, M.D. Towards evidence-based drug treatment research on premature ejaculation: a critical evaluation of methodology. Int J Impot Res, 2003. 15: 309.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14562129
606.Giuliano, F., et al. Premature ejaculation: results from a five-country European observational study. Eur Urol, 2008. 53: 1048.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17950985
607.Patrick, D.L., et al. Premature ejaculation: an observational study of men and their partners. J Sex Med, 2005. 2: 358.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16422867
608.McNabney, S.M., et al. Are the Criteria for the Diagnosis of Premature Ejaculation Applicable to Gay Men or Sexual Activities Other than Penile-Vaginal Intercourse? Sex Med, 2022. 10: 100516.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35477122
609.Shindel, A.W., et al. Erectile dysfunction and premature ejaculation in men who have sex with men. J Sex Med, 2012. 9: 576.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22214402
610.Barbonetti, A., et al. Erectile Dysfunction and Premature Ejaculation in Homosexual and Heterosexual Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Comparative Studies. J Sex Med, 2019. 16: 624.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30926517
611.Rowland, D.L., et al. Do the diagnostic criteria for premature ejaculation apply to non-straight men and to sexual activities other than penile-vaginal intercourse? Int J Impot Res, 2022. 34: 730.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34504313
612.Althof, S.E., et al. International Society for Sexual Medicine's guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of premature ejaculation. J Sex Med, 2010. 7: 2947.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21050394
613.Rosen, R.C., et al. Correlates to the clinical diagnosis of premature ejaculation: results from a large observational study of men and their partners. J Urol, 2007. 177: 1059.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17296411
614.Waldinger, M.D., et al. Geometric mean IELT and premature ejaculation: appropriate statistics to avoid overestimation of treatment efficacy. J Sex Med, 2008. 5: 492.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18179458
615.Symonds, T., et al. Development and validation of a premature ejaculation diagnostic tool. Eur Urol, 2007. 52: 565.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17275165
616.Arafa, M., et al. Development and evaluation of the Arabic Index of Premature Ejaculation (AIPE). J Sex Med, 2007. 4: 1750.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17970977
617.Althof, S., et al. Development and validation of a new questionnaire to assess sexual satisfaction, control, and distress associated with premature ejaculation. J Sex Med, 2006. 3: 465.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16681472
618.Rosen, R.C., et al. Development and validation of four-item version of Male Sexual Health Questionnaire to assess ejaculatory dysfunction. Urology, 2007. 69: 805.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17482908
619.Xi, Y., et al. The masturbatory premature ejaculation diagnostic tool (MPEDT): A novel psychometric tool to evaluate premature ejaculation during masturbation. Andrology, 2022. 10: 333.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34825515
620.Rowland, D.L., et al. Premature Ejaculation Measures During Partnered Sex and Masturbation: What These Findings Tell Us About the Nature and Rigidity of Premature Ejaculation. J Sex Marital Ther, 2022. 48: 680.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35253608
621.Althof, S.E. Psychosexual therapy for premature ejaculation. Transl Androl Urol, 2016. 5: 475.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27652220
622.Cormio, L., et al. The Combination of Dapoxetine and Behavioral Treatment Provides Better Results than Dapoxetine Alone in the Management of Patients with Lifelong Premature Ejaculation. J Sex Med, 2015. 12: 1609.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26077706
623.Pavone, C., et al. Premature ejaculation: Pharmacotherapy vs group psychotherapy alone or in combination. Arch Ital Urol Androl, 2017. 89: 114.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28679182
624.Melnik, T., et al. Psychosocial interventions for premature ejaculation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2011: CD008195.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21833964
625.Porst, H., et al. Baseline characteristics and treatment outcomes for men with acquired or lifelong premature ejaculation with mild or no erectile dysfunction: integrated analyses of two phase 3 dapoxetine trials. J Sex Med, 2010. 7: 2231.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20412423
626.EMA, Fortacin: Summary of product characteristics. 2014.
627.Gul, M., et al. Current and emerging treatment options for premature ejaculation. Nat Rev Urol, 2022. 19: 659.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36008555
628.Qin, Z., et al. Safety and efficacy characteristics of oral drugs in patients with premature ejaculation: a Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Int J Impot Res, 2019. 31: 356.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31024113
629.Jian, Z., et al. Pharmacotherapy of premature ejaculation: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Int Urol Nephrol, 2018. 50: 1939.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30225547
630.Sridharan, K., et al. Pharmacological interventions for premature ejaculation: a mixed-treatment comparison network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Int J Impot Res, 2018. 30: 215.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29921893
631.Castiglione, F., et al. Current Pharmacological Management of Premature Ejaculation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Eur Urol, 2016. 69: 904.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26749092
632.Martin-Tuite, P., et al. Management Options for Premature Ejaculation and Delayed Ejaculation in Men. Sex Med Rev, 2020. 8: 473.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31668585
633.Ventus, D., et al. Vibrator-Assisted Start-Stop Exercises Improve Premature Ejaculation Symptoms: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Arch Sex Behav, 2020. 49: 1559.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31741252
634.Stephenson, K.R., et al. Statistical Mediators of the Association Between Mindfulness and Sexual Experiences in Men with Impaired Sexual Function. Arch Sex Behav, 2020. 49: 1545.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31713094
635.Optale, G., et al. Smartphone-Based Therapeutic Exercises for Men Affected by Premature Ejaculation: A Pilot Study. Sex Med, 2020. 8: 461.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32565067
636.Pryor, J.L., et al. Efficacy and tolerability of dapoxetine in treatment of premature ejaculation: an integrated analysis of two double-blind, randomised controlled trials. Lancet, 2006. 368: 929.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16962882
637.Modi, N.B., et al. Single- and multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of dapoxetine hydrochloride, a novel agent for the treatment of premature ejaculation. J Clin Pharmacol, 2006. 46: 301.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16490806
638.McMahon, C.G. Dapoxetine: a new option in the medical management of premature ejaculation. Ther Adv Urol, 2012. 4: 233.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23024705
639.Li, J., et al. Dapoxetine for the treatment of premature ejaculation: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials with trial sequential analysis. Ann Saudi Med, 2018. 38: 366.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30284992
640.Peng, J., et al. Safety and Effectiveness of Dapoxetine On Demand in Chinese Men With Premature Ejaculation: Results of a Multicenter, Prospective, Open-Label Phase IV Study. Sex Med, 2021. 9: 100296.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33529810
641.Verze, P., et al. Comparison of Treatment Emergent Adverse Events in Men With Premature Ejaculation Treated With Dapoxetine and Alternate Oral Treatments: Results From a Large Multinational Observational Trial. J Sex Med, 2016. 13: 194.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26805941
642.Kowey, P.R., et al. Cardiovascular safety profile of dapoxetine during the premarketing evaluation. Drugs R D, 2011. 11: 1.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21410293
643.EMA, Priligy - Article 29 referral - Annex III - Summary of Product Characteristics, Labelling and Package Leaflet. 2012.
644.EMA, Priligy - Article 29 referral - Assessment Report for Priligy and Associated Names. 2012.
645.Mirone, V., et al. Results from a prospective observational study of men with premature ejaculation treated with dapoxetine or alternative care: the PAUSE study. Eur Urol, 2014. 65: 733.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23993257
646.Dresser, M.J., et al. Dapoxetine, a novel treatment for premature ejaculation, does not have pharmacokinetic interactions with phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors. Int J Impot Res, 2006. 18: 104.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16307008
647.McMahon, C.G., et al. Efficacy and safety of dapoxetine in men with premature ejaculation and concomitant erectile dysfunction treated with a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor: randomized, placebo-controlled, phase III study. J Sex Med, 2013. 10: 2312.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23845016
648.Abu El-Hamd, M., et al. Comparison of the clinical efficacy and safety of the on-demand use of paroxetine, dapoxetine, sildenafil and combined dapoxetine with sildenafil in treatment of patients with premature ejaculation: A randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial. Andrologia, 2018. 50.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28497478
649.Tuken, M., et al. Efficacy and safety of dapoxetine/sildenafil combination tablets in the treatment of men with premature ejaculation and concomitant erectile dysfunction-DAP-SPEED Study. Int J Impot Res, 2019. 31: 92.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30705437
650.Zhong, C., et al. Reasons and treatment strategy for discontinuation of dapoxetine treatment in premature ejaculation patients in China: A retrospective observational study. Andrologia, 2022. 54: 1598.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35324028
651.Park, H.J., et al. Discontinuation of Dapoxetine Treatment in Patients With Premature Ejaculation: A 2-Year Prospective Observational Study. Sex Med, 2017. 5: e99.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28395997
652.Jern, P., et al. Antidepressant treatment of premature ejaculation: discontinuation rates and prevalence of side effects for dapoxetine and paroxetine in a naturalistic setting. Int J Impot Res, 2015. 27: 75.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25410962
653.Peng, J., et al. Efficacy of dapoxetine treatment in Chinese patients with premature ejaculation and possible factors affecting efficacy in the real-world practice. BMC Urol, 2020. 20: 11.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32013958
654.Giuliano, F. 5-Hydroxytryptamine in premature ejaculation: opportunities for therapeutic intervention. Trends Neurosci, 2007. 30: 79.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17169440
655.Olivier, B., et al. Serotonin, serotonergic receptors, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and sexual behaviour. Int Clin Psychopharmacol, 1998. 13 Suppl 6: S9.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9728669
656.Waldinger, M.D., et al. Paroxetine treatment of premature ejaculation: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Am J Psychiatry, 1994. 151: 1377.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8067497
657.Zhang, D., et al. Paroxetine in the treatment of premature ejaculation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Urol, 2019. 19: 2.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30606186
658.Waldinger, M.D. Emerging drugs for premature ejaculation. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs, 2006. 11: 99.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16503829
659.Migliorini, F., et al. A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Parallel Group Study to Evaluate the Effect of a Single Oral Dose of 5-HT1A Antagonist GSK958108 on Ejaculation Latency Time in Male Patients Suffering From Premature Ejaculation. J Sex Med, 2021. 18: 63.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33223426
660.Waldinger, M.D. Premature ejaculation: definition and drug treatment. Drugs, 2007. 67: 547.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17352514
661.Goodman, R.E. An assessment of clomipramine (Anafranil) in the treatment of premature ejaculation. J Int Med Res, 1980. 8 Suppl 3: 53.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7193614
662.Choi, J.B., et al. Efficacy and Safety of On Demand Clomipramine for the Treatment of Premature Ejaculation: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase III Clinical Trial. J Urol, 2019. 201: 147.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30086277
663.Kim, S.W., et al. Tolerability and adequate therapeutic dosage of oral clomipramine for the treatment of premature ejaculation: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, fixed-dose, parallel-grouped clinical study. Int J Impot Res, 2018. 30: 65.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29203842
664.Sathianathen, N.J., et al. Selective Serotonin Re-Uptake Inhibitors for Premature Ejaculation in Adult Men: A Cochrane Systematic Review. World J Mens Health, 2022. 40: 257.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35021307
665.Zhou, Z., et al. The network meta-analysis of "on-demand" and "daily" use of paroxetine in treating men with premature ejaculation from randomized controlled trials. Andrologia, 2022. 54: e14388.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35122448
666.Liu, Q., et al. Comparison of fluoxetine with other selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in the treatment of premature ejaculation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Andrologia, 2022. 54: e14500.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35760074
667.McMahon, C.G., et al. Efficacy and safety of dapoxetine for the treatment of premature ejaculation: integrated analysis of results from five phase 3 trials. J Sex Med, 2011. 8: 524.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21059176
668.Norr, L., et al. Use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors reduces fertility in men. Andrology, 2016. 4: 389.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27019308
669.Tanrikut, C., et al. Antidepressant-associated changes in semen parameters. Urology, 2007. 69: 185 e5.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17270655
670.Tanrikut, C., et al. Adverse effect of paroxetine on sperm. Fertil Steril, 2010. 94: 1021.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19515367
671.Koyuncu, H., et al. Escitalopram treatment for premature ejaculation has a negative effect on semen parameters. Int J Impot Res, 2011. 23: 257.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21776003
672.Koyuncu, H., et al. Deleterious effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatment on semen parameters in patients with lifelong premature ejaculation. Int J Impot Res, 2012. 24: 171.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22573230
673.Morales, A., et al. A review of the current status of topical treatments for premature ejaculation. BJU Int, 2007. 100: 493.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17608824
674.Sachs, B.D., et al. Maintenance of erection of penile glans, but not penile body, after transection of rat cavernous nerves. J Urol, 1991. 146: 900.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1875517
675.Wieder, J.A., et al. Anesthetic block of the dorsal penile nerve inhibits vibratory-induced ejaculation in men with spinal cord injuries. Urology, 2000. 55: 915.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10840108
676.Liu, H., et al. Comparative efficacy and safety of drug treatment for premature ejaculation: A systemic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis. Andrologia, 2020. 52: e13806.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32892379
677.Atikeler, M.K., et al. Optimum usage of prilocaine-lidocaine cream in premature ejaculation. Andrologia, 2002. 34: 356.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12472618
678.Busato, W., et al. Topical anaesthetic use for treating premature ejaculation: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. BJU Int, 2004. 93: 1018.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15142155
679.Sutton, M., et al. Promescent Has a Cytotoxic Impact on Fresh Human Sperm In Vitro. Urology, 2018. 114: 95.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29307732
680.Porst, H., et al. Fortacin Spray for the Treatment of Premature Ejaculation. Urologia, 2017. 84: 1.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30047847
681.Henry, R., et al. TEMPE: Topical Eutectic-Like Mixture for Premature Ejaculation. Expert Opin Drug Deliv, 2008. 5: 251.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18248322
682.Dinsmore, W.W., et al. Topical eutectic mixture for premature ejaculation (TEMPE): a novel aerosol-delivery form of lidocaine-prilocaine for treating premature ejaculation. BJU Int, 2007. 99: 369.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17129234
683.Boeri, L., et al. Real-life use of the eutectic mixture lidocaine/prilocaine spray in men with premature ejaculation. Int J Impot Res, 2022. 34: 289.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33828264
684.Cai, T., et al. Prilocaine/lidocaine spray for the treatment of premature ejaculation: a dose- and time-finding study for clinical practice use. Int J Impot Res, 2023. 35: 378.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35314817
685.Wyllie, M.G., et al. The role of local anaesthetics in premature ejaculation. BJU Int, 2012. 110: E943.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22758648
686.ECCR, Fortacin 150 mg/ml + 50 mg/ml cutaneous spray solution - Summary of Product Characteristcs. 2015.
687.Morales, A. Evolving therapeutic strategies for premature ejaculation: The search for on-demand treatment - topical versus systemic. Can Urol Assoc J, 2012. 6: 380.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23093633
688.Alghobary, M., et al. Oral dapoxetine versus topical lidocaine as on-demand treatment for lifelong premature ejaculation: A randomised controlled trial. Andrologia, 2020. 52: e13558.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32153050
689.Abu El-Hamd, M. Effectiveness and tolerability of lidocaine 5% spray in the treatment of lifelong premature ejaculation patients: a randomized single-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Int J Impot Res, 2021. 33: 96.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31896832
690.Frink, M.C., et al. Influence of tramadol on neurotransmitter systems of the rat brain. Arzneimittelforschung, 1996. 46: 1029.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8955860
691.Bar-Or, D., et al. A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of two doses of the tramadol orally disintegrating tablet for the treatment of premature ejaculation within less than 2 minutes. Eur Urol, 2012. 61: 736.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21889833
692.Lu, Y., et al. The Influence of Tramadol on Intravaginal Ejaculatory Latency Time and Sexual Satisfaction Score in Treating Patients With Premature Ejaculation: A Network Meta-Analysis. Am J Mens Health, 2021. 15: 15579883211057713.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34911381
693.Tan, H., et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of "on-demand" use of tramadol vs "on-demand" use of paroxetine in the management of patients with premature ejaculation. Int J Clin Pract, 2021. 75: e14825.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34492139
694.FDA, U. Warning letter to William Weldon, CEO & Chairman of Johnson & Johnson, regarding Ultram-ER web advertisement. 2009.
695.Hamidi-Madani, A., et al. The Efficacy and Safety of On-demand Tramadol and Paroxetine Use in Treatment of Life Long Premature Ejaculation: A Randomized Double-blind Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial. J Reprod Infertil, 2018. 19: 10.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29850442
696.Mohamed Gharib, T., et al. Short- and long-term follow-up results of daily 5-mg tadalafil as a treatment for erectile dysfunction and premature ejaculation. Arab J Urol, 2022. 20: 49.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35223110
697.Abou Faddan, A.H., et al. Effect of a tadalafil 5-mg single daily dose on lifelong premature ejaculation: A single-blinded placebo-controlled study. Arab J Urol, 2022. 20: 100.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35530567
698.Zhang, X., et al. Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors for Premature Ejaculation: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Placebo-Controlled Trials. Am J Mens Health, 2020. 14: 1557988320916406.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32375542
699.Bhat, G.S., et al. Effectiveness of 'on demand' silodosin in the treatment of premature ejaculation in patients dissatisfied with dapoxetine: a randomized control study. Cent European J Urol, 2016. 69: 280.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27729995
700.Sato, Y., et al. Silodosin versus naftopidil in the treatment of premature ejaculation: A prospective multicenter trial. Int J Urol, 2017. 24: 626.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28627033
701.Sato, Y., et al. Silodosin and its potential for treating premature ejaculation: a preliminary report. Int J Urol, 2012. 19: 268.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22188258
702.Tuken, M., et al. On-demand Modafinil Improves Ejaculation Time and Patient-reported Outcomes in Men With Lifelong Premature Ejaculation. Urology, 2016. 94: 139.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27151339
703.Kim, J.J., et al. Effects of glans penis augmentation using hyaluronic acid gel for premature ejaculation. Int J Impot Res, 2004. 16: 547.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15057258
704.Ahn, S.T., et al. Efficacy and Safety of Penile Girth Enhancement Using Hyaluronic Acid Filler and the Clinical Impact on Ejaculation: A Multi-Center, Patient/Evaluator-Blinded, Randomized Active-Controlled Trial. World J Mens Health, 2022. 40: 299.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33988002
705.Zhang, C., et al. Efficacy and safety assessment of glandular augmentation with hyaluronic acid for premature ejaculation. Andrologia, 2022. 54: e14435.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35523761
706.Ahn, S.T., et al. Complications of glans penis augmentation. Int J Impot Res, 2019. 31: 245.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30478264
707.Yang, J., et al. Correlation between age and curative effects of selective dorsal neurectomy for primary premature ejaculation. Adv Clin Exp Med, 2022. 31: 837.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35438850
708.Liu, Q., et al. Anatomic Basis and Clinical Effect of Selective Dorsal Neurectomy for Patients with Lifelong Premature Ejaculation: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Sex Med, 2019. 16: 522.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30935469
709.Tang, Q.L., et al. The application of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring in selective dorsal neurotomy for primary premature ejaculation: a prospective single-center study. Asian J Androl, 2023. 25: 137.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35488667
710.David Prologo, J., et al. Percutaneous CT-guided cryoablation of the dorsal penile nerve for treatment of symptomatic premature ejaculation. J Vasc Interv Radiol, 2013. 24: 214.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23182939
711.Zhang, G.X., et al. Selective resection of dorsal nerves of penis for premature ejaculation. Int J Androl, 2012. 35: 873.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22882515
712.Basal, S., et al. A novel treatment modality in patients with premature ejaculation resistant to conventional methods: the neuromodulation of dorsal penile nerves by pulsed radiofrequency. J Androl, 2010. 31: 126.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19395368
713.Shi, W.G., et al. [Selective resection of the branches of the two dorsal penile nerves for primary premature ejaculation]. Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue, 2008. 14: 436.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18572864
714.Clement, P., et al. Inhibition of ejaculation by the non-peptide oxytocin receptor antagonist GSK557296: a multi-level site of action. Br J Pharmacol, 2013. 169: 1477.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23530818
715.Shinghal, R., et al. Safety and efficacy of epelsiban in the treatment of men with premature ejaculation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, fixed-dose study. J Sex Med, 2013. 10: 2506.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23937679
716.Osterloh, I.H., et al. Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Tolerability of Single Oral Doses of a Novel Oxytocin Receptor Antagonist-Cligosiban-in Development for Premature Ejaculation: Three Randomized Clinical Trials in Healthy Subjects. J Sex Med, 2018. 15: 1547.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30341006
717.Wayman, C., et al. Cligosiban, A Novel Brain-Penetrant, Selective Oxytocin Receptor Antagonist, Inhibits Ejaculatory Physiology in Rodents. J Sex Med, 2018. 15: 1698.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30527053
718.McMahon, C., et al. The Oxytocin Antagonist Cligosiban Prolongs Intravaginal Ejaculatory Latency and Improves Patient-Reported Outcomes in Men with Lifelong Premature Ejaculation: Results of a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Proof-of-Concept Trial (PEPIX). J Sex Med, 2019. 16: 1178.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31351659
719.Althof, S., et al. The Oxytocin Antagonist Cligosiban Fails to Prolong Intravaginal Ejaculatory Latency in Men with Lifelong Premature Ejaculation: Results of a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase IIb trial (PEDRIX). J Sex Med, 2019. 16: 1188.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31351660
720.El Najjar, M.R., et al. A Double Blind, Placebo Controlled, Randomized Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Tolerability of On-Demand Oral Pregablin (150 mg and 75 mg) in Treatment of Premature Ejaculation. J Sex Med, 2020. 17: 442.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31982359
721.Jiang, M., et al. The efficacy of regular penis-root masturbation, versus Kegel exercise in the treatment of primary premature ejaculation: A quasi-randomised controlled trial. Andrologia, 2020. 52: e13473.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31746051
722.Shechter, A., et al. A novel on-demand therapy for lifelong premature ejaculation using a miniature transperineal electrical stimulator-the vPatch: an as-treated analysis. J Sex Med, 2023. 20: 22.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36897239
723.Shechter, A., et al. Transcutaneous functional electrical stimulation-a novel therapy for premature ejaculation: results of a proof of concept study. Int J Impot Res, 2020. 32: 440.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31570825
724.Uribe, O.L., et al. Transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation to treat patients with premature ejaculation: phase II clinical trial. Int J Impot Res, 2020. 32: 434.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31551577
725.Sahin, S., et al. A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study to Compare Acupuncture and Dapoxetine for the Treatment of Premature Ejaculation. Urol Int, 2016. 97: 104.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27049323
726.Lu, X., et al. Study on the Efficacy of Electric Acupuncture in the Treatment of Premature Ejaculation Based on Testosterone Level. J Healthc Eng, 2022. 2022: 8331688.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35360482
727.Sunay, D., et al. Acupuncture versus paroxetine for the treatment of premature ejaculation: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Eur Urol, 2011. 59: 765.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21256670
728.Joshi, A.M., et al. Role of Yoga in the Management of Premature Ejaculation. World J Mens Health, 2020. 38: 495.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31496152
729.Rowland, D.L., et al. Moving Toward Empirically Based Standardization in the Diagnosis of Delayed Ejaculation. J Sex Med, 2020. 17: 1896.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32828700
730.Rowland, D.L., et al. Similarities and differences between men with self-reported lifelong and acquired difficulty reaching ejaculation. Int J Impot Res, 2023.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37592174
731.Shin, D.H., et al. The Evaluation and Treatment of Delayed Ejaculation. Sex Med Rev, 2014. 2: 121.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27784563
732.Abdel-Hamid, I.A., et al. Delayed Ejaculation: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment. World J Mens Health, 2018. 36: 22.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29299903
733.Corona, G., et al. The hormonal control of ejaculation. Nat Rev Urol, 2012. 9: 508.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22869001
734.Morgentaler, A., et al. Delayed Ejaculation and Associated Complaints: Relationship to Ejaculation Times and Serum Testosterone Levels. J Sex Med, 2017. 14: 1116.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28807505
735.Paduch, D.A., et al. Clinical and Demographic Correlates of Ejaculatory Dysfunctions Other Than Premature Ejaculation: A Prospective, Observational Study. J Sex Med, 2015. 12: 2276.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26511106
736.Perelman, M.A. Regarding ejaculation: delayed and otherwise [letter to the editor]. J Androl., 2003. 24: 496.
https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1939-4640.2003.tb02699.x
737.Perelman, M.A., et al., Evaluation and Treatment of Ejaculatory Disorders, in Atlas of Male Sexual Dysfunction, T.F. Lue, Editor. 2004, Current Medicine LLC: Philadelphia.
738.Perelman, M.A., et al. Retarded ejaculation. World J Urol, 2006. 24: 645.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17082938
739.Butcher, M.J., et al., Treatment of Delayed Ejaculation, in The Textbook of Clinical Sexual Medicine, W.W. IsHak, Editor. 2017, Springer International Publishing: Cham.
740.Mulloy, E., et al. Diagnoses and medications associated with delayed ejaculation. Sex Med, 2023. 11: qfad040.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37547871
741.Rowland, D.L., et al. Characteristics of men who report symptoms of delayed ejaculation: providing support for empirically derived diagnostic criteria. J Sex Med, 2023. 20: 426.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36781403
742.Rowland, D.L., et al. Self-reported reasons for having difficulty reaching orgasm in men with diverse etiologies. Sex Med, 2023. 11: qfad030.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37408873
743.Carvalheira, A., et al. Individual and Relationship Factors Associated With the Self-Identified Inability to Experience Orgasm in a Community Sample of Heterosexual Men From Three European Countries. J Sex Marital Ther, 2016. 42: 257.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25650656
744.Althof, S.E. Psychological interventions for delayed ejaculation/orgasm. Int J Impot Res, 2012. 24: 131.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22378496
745.Butcher, M.J., et al. How is delayed ejaculation defined and treated in North America? Andrology, 2015. 3: 626.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26013106
746.Nelson, C.J., et al. Assessment of penile vibratory stimulation as a management strategy in men with secondary retarded orgasm. Urology, 2007. 69: 552.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17382163
747.Soler, J.M., et al. Midodrine improves orgasm in spinal cord-injured men: the effects of autonomic stimulation. J Sex Med, 2008. 5: 2935.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18422493
748.Geboes, K., et al. Primary anejaculation: diagnosis and therapy. Fertil Steril, 1975. 26: 1018.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1081053
749.Ohl, D.A., et al. Anejaculation and retrograde ejaculation. Urol Clin North Am, 2008. 35: 211.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18423241
750.Brindley, G.S. Reflex ejaculation under vibratory stimulation in paraplegic men. Paraplegia, 1981. 19: 299.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7279433
751.Schatte, E.C., et al. Treatment of Infertility Due to Anejaculation in the Male with Electroejaculation and Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection. Journal of Urology, 2000. 163: 1717.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10799167
752.Esteves, S.C., et al. An update on sperm retrieval techniques for azoospermic males. Clinics (Sao Paulo), 2013. 68 Suppl 1: 99.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23503959
753.Maurer, C.A., et al. Total mesorectal excision preserves male genital function compared with conventional rectal cancer surgery. Br J Surg, 2001. 88: 1501.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11683749
754.Parnham, A., et al. Retrograde ejaculation, painful ejaculation and hematospermia. Transl Androl Urol, 2016. 5: 592.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27652230
755.Edwards, A. Chronic Disease of the Colliculus Seminalis. Br Med J, 1909. 2: 1672.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20764794
756.Grosse, A.B. Remarks on Impotentia Cocundi and Sexual Neurasthenia and Their Treatment. California State Journal of Medicine, 1911. 9: 25.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18735133
757.Irwin, W.K. PAIN IN GENITO-URINARY AFFECTIONS: Its Variations and their Interpretation. Br Med J, 1922. 2: 457.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20770853
758.Tran, C.N., et al. Sexual dysfunction in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. World J Urol, 2013. 31: 741.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23579441
759.Kleinberg, L., et al. Treatment-related symptoms during the first year following transperineal 125I prostate implantation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 1994. 28: 985.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8138452
760.Walz, J., et al. Ejaculatory disorders may affect screening for prostate cancer. J Urol, 2007. 178: 232.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17499807
761.Koeman, M., et al. Orgasm after radical prostatectomy. Br J Urol, 1996. 77: 861.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8705222
762.Matsushita, K., et al. The evolution of orgasmic pain (dysorgasmia) following radical prostatectomy. J Sex Med, 2012. 9: 1454.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22458302
763.Merrick, G.S., et al. Short-term sexual function after prostate brachytherapy. Int J Cancer, 2001. 96: 313.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11582584
764.Butler, J.D., et al. Painful ejaculation after inguinal hernia repair. J R Soc Med, 1998. 91: 432.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9816362
765.Aizenberg, D., et al. Painful ejaculation associated with antidepressants in four patients. J Clin Psychiatry, 1991. 52: 461.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1744063
766.Kulik, F.A., et al. Case report of painful ejaculation as a side effect of amoxapine. Am J Psychiatry, 1982. 139: 234.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7055299
767.Michael, A. Venlafaxine-induced painful ejaculation. Br J Psychiatry, 2000. 177: 282.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11040898
768.Lange, W.R., et al. Can ciguatera be a sexually transmitted disease? Journal of Toxicology. Clinical Toxicology, 1989. 27: 193.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2810444
769.Senthilkumaran, S., et al. Painful ejaculation. Something fishy. Saudi Med J, 2010. 31: 451.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20383428
770.Kaplan, H.S. Post-ejaculatory pain syndrome. J Sex Marital Ther, 1993. 19: 91.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8336348
771.Demyttenaere, K., et al. Painful ejaculation and urinary hesitancy in association with antidepressant therapy: relief with tamsulosin. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol, 2002. 12: 337.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12126873
772.Jordi, P., et al. Management of ejaculation pain with topiramate: a case report. Clin J Pain, 2004. 20: 368.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15322446
773.Cornel, E.B., et al. The effect of biofeedback physical therapy in men with Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome Type III. Eur Urol, 2005. 47: 607.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15826751
774.Tuhkanen, K., et al. Sexual function of LUTS patients before and after neodymium laser prostatectomy and transurethral resection of prostate. A prospective, randomized trial. Urol Int, 2004. 73: 137.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15331898
775.Krause, W. Transurethral resection of the ejaculatory ducts for treating ejaculatory symptoms. BJU Int, 2005. 96: 1145.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16225549
776.Giuliano, F., et al. Physiology of ejaculation: emphasis on serotonergic control. Eur Urol, 2005. 48: 408.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15996810
777.Proctor, K.G., et al. The effect of sympathomimetic drugs on post-lymphadenectomy aspermia. J Urol, 1983. 129: 837.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6842716
778.Gilja, I., et al. Retrograde ejaculation and loss of emission: possibilities of conservative treatment. Eur Urol, 1994. 25: 226.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8200405
779.Hotchkiss, R.S., et al. Artificial insemination with semen recovered from the bladder. Fertil Steril, 1954. 6: 37.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13220644
780.Templeton, A., et al. Successful circumvention of retrograde ejaculation in an infertile diabetic man. Case report. Br J Obstet Gynaecol, 1982. 89: 1064.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7171519
781.Crich, J.P., et al. Infertility in men with retrograde ejaculation: the action of urine on sperm motility, and a simple method for achieving antegrade ejaculation. Fertil Steril, 1978. 30: 572.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/720646
782.Jenkins, L.C., et al. Delayed orgasm and anorgasmia. Fertil Steril, 2015. 104: 1082.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26439762
783.Calabro, R.S., et al. Anorgasmia during pregabalin add-on therapy for partial seizures. Epileptic Disord, 2013. 15: 358.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23906723
784.McMahon, C.G., et al. Standard operating procedures in the disorders of orgasm and ejaculation. J Sex Med, 2013. 10: 204.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22970767
785.McCormick, S., et al. Reversal of fluoxetine-induced anorgasmia by cyproheptadine in two patients. J Clin Psychiatry, 1990. 51: 383.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2211550
786.Balon, R. Intermittent amantadine for fluoxetine-induced anorgasmia. J Sex Marital Ther, 1996. 22: 290.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9018655
787.Balogh, S., et al. Treatment of fluoxetine-induced anorgasmia with amantadine. J Clin Psychiatry, 1992. 53: 212.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1607353
788.Price, J., et al. Treatment of clomipramine-induced anorgasmia with yohimbine: a case report. J Clin Psychiatry, 1990. 51: 32.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2295589
789.Jacobsen, F.M. Fluoxetine-induced sexual dysfunction and an open trial of yohimbine. J Clin Psychiatry, 1992. 53: 119.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1564046
790.Ashton, A.K., et al. Bupropion as an antidote for serotonin reuptake inhibitor-induced sexual dysfunction. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 1998. 59: 112.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9541153
791.Kumar, P., et al. Haematospermia - a systematic review. Ann R Coll Surg Engl, 2006. 88: 339.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16834849
792.Pozzi, E., et al. Haemospermia in the Real- Life Setting: A New High-Risk Stratification. Urology, 2023. 171: 146.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36241064
793.Hakam, N., et al. Hematospermia is rarely associated with urologic malignancy: Analysis of United States claims data. Andrology, 2022. 10: 919.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35483126
794.Drury, R.H., et al. Hematospermia Etiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Sexual Ramifications: A Narrative Review. Sex Med Rev, 2022. 10: 669.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34538619
795.Ahmad, I., et al. Hemospermia. J Urol, 2007. 177: 1613.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17437771
796.Efesoy, O., et al. Hematospermia is rarely related to genitourinary cancer: lessons learned from 15 years of experience with 342 cases. Int J Impot Res, 2021. 33: 627.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32704074
797.Akhter, W., et al. Should every patient with hematospermia be investigated? A critical review. Cent European J Urol, 2013. 66: 79.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24578999
798.Expert Panel on Urologic, I., et al. ACR Appropriateness Criteria((R)) Hematospermia. J Am Coll Radiol, 2017. 14: S154.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28473071
799.Bhaduri, S., et al. Haematospermia associated with malignant hypertension. Sex Transm Infect, 1999. 75: 200.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10448405
800.Close, C.F., et al. The association between haemospermia and severe hypertension. Postgrad Med J, 1991. 67: 157.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2041846
801.Bamberger, E., et al. Detection of sexually transmitted pathogens in patients with hematospermia. Isr Med Assoc J, 2005. 7: 224.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15849868
802.Munkel witz, R., et al. Current perspectives on hematospermia: a review. J Androl, 1997. 18: 6.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9089062
803.Cho, I.R., et al. Magnetic resonance imaging in hemospermia. J Urol, 1997. 157: 258.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8976266
804.Lencioni, R., et al. Endorectal coil MR imaging findings in hemospermia. MAGMA, 1999. 8: 91.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10456371
805.Li, Y.F., et al. Imaging diagnosis, transurethral endoscopic observation, and management of 43 cases of persistent and refractory hematospermia. J Androl, 2012. 33: 906.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22323622
806.Cui, Z.Q., et al. [Transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy combined with finasteride for recurrent hematospermia]. Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue, 2014. 20: 536.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25029861
807.Liu, Z.Y., et al. Transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of persistent or recurrent hemospermia: a single-institution experience. Asian J Androl, 2009. 11: 566.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19701221
808.Xing, C., et al. Prospective trial comparing transrectal ultrasonography and transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy for persistent hematospermia. Int J Urol, 2012. 19: 437.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22221075
809.Lowell, D.M., et al. Melanospermia: a hitherto undescribed entity. J Urol, 1966. 95: 407.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5906009
810.Smith, G.W., et al. Melanospermia: an unusual presentation of malignant melanoma. J Urol, 1973. 110: 314.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4725737
811.Manohar, T., et al. Transrectal ultrasound- and fluoroscopic-assisted transurethral incision of ejaculatory ducts: a problem-solving approach to nonmalignant hematospermia due to ejaculatory duct obstruction. J Endourol, 2008. 22: 1531.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18690817
812.Fuse, H., et al. Transurethral incision for hematospermia caused by ejaculatory duct obstruction. Arch Androl, 2003. 49: 433.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14555325
813.Mittal, P.K., et al. Hematospermia Evaluation at MR Imaging. Radiographics, 2016. 36: 1373.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27517360
814.Suh, Y., et al. Etiologic classification, evaluation, and management of hematospermia. Transl Androl Urol, 2017. 6: 959.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29184797
815.WHO, International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems. Vol. 1. 2004.
816.McCabe, M.P., et al. Definitions of Sexual Dysfunctions in Women and Men: A Consensus Statement From the Fourth International Consultation on Sexual Medicine 2015. J Sex Med, 2016. 13: 135.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26953828
817.Meissner, V.H., et al. Factors Associated with Low Sexual Desire in 45-Year-Old Men: Findings from the German Male Sex-Study. J Sex Med, 2019. 16: 981.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31196838
818.Levine, S.B. The nature of sexual desire: a clinician's perspective. Arch Sex Behav, 2003. 32: 279.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12807300
819.Rubio-Aurioles, E., et al. Standard operational procedures for low sexual desire in men. J Sex Med, 2013. 10: 94.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22971157
820.Nimbi, F.M., et al. Male Sexual Desire: An Overview of Biological, Psychological, Sexual, Relational, and Cultural Factors Influencing Desire. Sex Med Rev, 2020. 8: 59.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30803921
821.Carvalho, J., et al. Predictors of men's sexual desire: the role of psychological, cognitive-emotional, relational, and medical factors. J Sex Res, 2011. 48: 254.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20191421
822.Carvalho, J., et al. Gender issues and sexual desire: the role of emotional and relationship variables. J Sex Med, 2010. 7: 2469.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20102479
823.Vowels, L.M., et al. Uncovering the Most Important Factors for Predicting Sexual Desire Using Explainable Machine Learning. J Sex Med, 2021. 18: 1198.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34183292
824.Mark, K.P., et al. Maintaining Sexual Desire in Long-Term Relationships: A Systematic Review and Conceptual Model. J Sex Res, 2018. 55: 563.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29521522
825.Deziel, J., et al. Anxiety, Dispositional Mindfulness, and Sexual Desire in Men Consulting in Clinical Sexology: A Mediational Model. J Sex Marital Ther, 2018. 44: 513.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29281564
826.Marieke, D., et al. Sexual Desire Discrepancy: A Position Statement of the European Society for Sexual Medicine. Sex Med, 2020. 8: 121.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32192965
827.Zitzmann, M., et al. Association of specific symptoms and metabolic risks with serum testosterone in older men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2006. 91: 4335.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16926258
828.Meuleman, E.J., et al. Hypoactive sexual desire disorder: an underestimated condition in men. BJU Int, 2005. 95: 291.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15679780
829.Dei, M., et al. Sex steroids and libido. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care, 1997. 2: 253.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9678082
830.Spector, I.P., et al. The sexual desire inventory: development, factor structure, and evidence of reliability. J Sex Marital Ther, 1996. 22: 175.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8880651
831.Kennedy, S.H., et al. Sexual dysfunction before antidepressant therapy in major depression. J Affect Disord, 1999. 56: 201.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10701478
832.Isidori, A.M., et al. Effects of testosterone on sexual function in men: results of a meta-analysis. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 2005. 63: 381.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16181230
833.Corona, G., et al. Effect of hyperprolactinemia in male patients consulting for sexual dysfunction. J Sex Med, 2007. 4: 1485.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17655655
834.Nobre, P.J., et al., Principles and Practice of Sex Therapy: Sixth Edition - Low sexual desire in men., ed. Kathryn S. K. Hall. & Y.M. Binik. 2020, New York.
835.Jannini, E.A., et al. Couplepause: A New Paradigm in Treating Sexual Dysfunction During Menopause and Andropause. Sex Med Rev, 2018. 6: 384.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29371146
836.Wang, A.T., et al. Treatment of hyperprolactinemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Syst Rev, 2012. 1: 33.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22828169
837.Cuijpers, P., et al. The contribution of active medication to combined treatments of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy for adult depression: a meta-analysis. Acta Psychiatr Scand, 2010. 121: 415.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19922522
838.Yachia, D., et al. The incidence of congenital penile curvature. J Urol, 1993. 150: 1478.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8411431
839.Montag, S., et al. Abnormalities of penile curvature: chordee and penile torsion. ScientificWorldJournal, 2011. 11: 1470.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21805016
840.Baskin, L.S., et al. Penile curvature. Urology, 1996. 48: 347.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8804484
841.Menon, V., et al. Do adult men with untreated ventral penile curvature have adverse outcomes? J Pediatr Urol, 2016. 12: 31 e1.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26776946
842.Hayashi, Y., et al. Can spongioplasty prevent fistula formation and correct penile curvature in TIP urethroplasty for hypospadias? Urology, 2013. 81: 1330.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23453651
843.Akbulut, F., et al. Neurovascular bundle dissection for Nesbit procedure in congenital penile curvature patients: medial or lateral? Asian J Androl, 2014. 16: 442.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24625879
844.Alei, G., et al. New surgical technique for ventral penile curvature without circumcision. BJU Int, 2014. 113: 968.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25035866
845.Bhat, A., et al. Correlation of severity of penile torsion with type of hypospadias & ventral penile curvature and their management. African Journal of Urology, 2015. 21: 111.
https://www.ajol.info/index.php/aju/article/view/120978:~:text=Chordee%20could%20be%20corrected%20using%20penile%20degloving%20and,inversely%20proportional%20to%20the%20severity%20of%20ventral%20curvature.
846.Cantoro, U., et al. Plication corporoplasty for congenital penile curvature: our results with long-term follow-up. Int Urol Nephrol, 2014. 46: 1741.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24818593
847.Chung, P.H., et al. Dorsal plication without degloving is safe and effective for correcting ventral penile deformities. Urology, 2014. 84: 1228.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25443939
848.Golomb, D., et al. Long-term Results of Ventral Penile Curvature Repair in Childhood. Urology, 2018. 112: 161.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29051007
849.Perdzynski, W., et al. Three anatomical levels: possibilities to decrease invasiveness of reconstructive surgery for congenital penile curvature. Cent European J Urol, 2017. 70: 280.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29104792
850.Schlomer, B.J. Correction of Residual Ventral Penile Curvature After Division of the Urethral Plate in the First Stage of a 2-Stage Proximal Hypospadias Repair. Curr Urol Rep, 2017. 18: 13.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28213855
851.Seo, S., et al. Correction of penile ventral curvature in patients with minor or no hypospadias: a single surgeon's experience of 43 cases. Pediatr Surg Int, 2016. 32: 975.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27488311
852.Shaeer, O., et al. Shaeer's Corporal Rotation III: Shortening-Free Correction of Congenital Penile Curvature-The Noncorporotomy Technique. Eur Urol, 2016. 69: 129.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26298209
853.Shaeer, O. Shaeer's corporal rotation for length-preserving correction of penile curvature: modifications and 3-year experience. J Sex Med, 2008. 5: 2716.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18624969
854.Shaeer, O. Trans-corporal incision of Peyronie's plaques. J Sex Med, 2011. 8: 589.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20955315
855.Shaeer, O. Shaeer's Corporal Rotation. J Sex Med, 2010. 7: 16.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20092460
856.Chung, E., et al. Prevalence of penile curvature: a population-based cross-sectional study in metropolitan and rural cities in Australia. BJU Int, 2018. 122 Suppl 5: 42.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30387224
857.Arafa, M., et al. The prevalence of Peyronie's disease in diabetic patients with erectile dysfunction. Int J Impot Res, 2007. 19: 213.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16915304
858.Kumar, B., et al. A clinico-aetiological and ultrasonographic study of Peyronie's disease. Sex Health, 2006. 3: 113.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16800397
859.La Pera, G., et al. Peyronie's disease: prevalence and association with cigarette smoking. A multicenter population-based study in men aged 50-69 years. Eur Urol, 2001. 40: 525.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11752860
860.Lindsay, M.B., et al. The incidence of Peyronie's disease in Rochester, Minnesota, 1950 through 1984. J Urol, 1991. 146: 1007.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1895413
861.Mulhall, J.P., et al. Subjective and objective analysis of the prevalence of Peyronie's disease in a population of men presenting for prostate cancer screening. J Urol, 2004. 171: 2350.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15126819
862.Rhoden, E.L., et al. Prevalence of Peyronie's disease in men over 50-y-old from Southern Brazil. Int J Impot Res, 2001. 13: 291.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11890516
863.Schwarzer, U., et al. The prevalence of Peyronie's disease: results of a large survey. BJU Int, 2001. 88: 727.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11890244
864.Sommer, F., et al. Epidemiology of Peyronie's disease. Int J Impot Res, 2002. 14: 379.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12454689
865.Stuntz, M., et al. The Prevalence of Peyronie's Disease in the United States: A Population-Based Study. PLoS One, 2016. 11: e0150157.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26907743
866.Tefekli, A., et al. Peyronie's disease in men under age 40: characteristics and outcome. Int J Impot Res, 2001. 13: 18.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11313836
867.Levine, L.A., et al. Peyronie disease in younger men: characteristics and treatment results. J Androl, 2003. 24: 27.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12514077
868.Hellstrom, W.J., et al. Bother and distress associated with Peyronie's disease: validation of the Peyronie's disease questionnaire. J Urol, 2013. 190: 627.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23376705
869.Russo, G.I., et al. Clinical Efficacy of Injection and Mechanical Therapy for Peyronie's Disease: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Eur Urol, 2018. 74: 767.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30237020
870.Masterson, T.A., et al. Characteristics predictive of response to collagenase clostridium histolyticum for Peyronie's disease: a review of the literature. World J Urol, 2020. 38: 279.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31250098
871.Chung, E., et al. Evidence-Based Management Guidelines on Peyronie's Disease. J Sex Med, 2016. 13: 905.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27215686
872.Mulhall, J.P., et al. An analysis of the natural history of Peyronie's disease. J Urol, 2006. 175: 2115.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16697815
873.Bekos, A., et al. The natural history of Peyronie's disease: an ultrasonography-based study. Eur Urol, 2008. 53: 644.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17673362
874.Greenfield, J.M., et al. Factors affecting the loss of length associated with tunica albuginea plication for correction of penile curvature. J Urol, 2006. 175: 238.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16406919
875.Liguori, G., et al. Objective measurements of the penile angulation are significantly different than self-estimated magnitude among patients with penile curvature. Int Braz J Urol, 2018. 44: 555.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29570261
876.Habous, M., et al. Outcomes of variation in technique and variation in accuracy of measurement in penile length measurement. Int J Impot Res, 2018. 30: 21.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29180797
877.Levine, L.A., et al. Establishing a standardized evaluation of the man with Peyronie's disease. Int J Impot Res, 2003. 15 Suppl 5: S103.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14551586
878.Ozmez, A., et al. The Effectiveness of 3-D Computed Tomography in the Evaluation of Penile Deformities in Patients With Peyronie's Disease: A Pilot Study. Sex Med, 2019. 7: 311.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31324507
879.Hauck, E.W., et al. Diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging in Peyronie's disease--a comparison both with palpation and ultrasound in the evaluation of plaque formation. Eur Urol, 2003. 43: 293.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12600434
880.Nguyen, H.M.T., et al. Safety and Efficacy of Collagenase Clostridium histolyticum in the Treatment of Acute-Phase Peyronie's Disease. J Sex Med, 2017. 14: 1220.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28874331
881.Gholami, S.S., et al. Peyronie's disease: a review. J Urol, 2003. 169: 1234.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12629334
882.Kadioglu, A., et al. Color Doppler ultrasound assessment of penile vascular system in men with Peyronie's disease. Int J Impot Res, 2000. 12: 263.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11424963
883.Serefoglu, E.C., et al. Factors Associated With Erectile Dysfunction and the Peyronie's Disease Questionnaire in Patients With Peyronie Disease. Urology, 2017. 107: 155.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28554517
884.McCauley, J.F., et al. Diagnostic utility of penile ultrasound in Peyronie's disease. World J Urol, 2020. 38: 263.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31606787
885.Porst, H., et al. Standards for clinical trials in male sexual dysfunctions. J Sex Med, 2010. 7: 414.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20092447
886.Muller, A., et al. Peyronie's disease intervention trials: methodological challenges and issues. J Sex Med, 2009. 6: 848.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19138374
887.Nehra, A., et al. Peyronie's Disease: AUA Guideline. J Urol, 2015. 194: 745.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26066402
888.Bella, A.J., et al. 2018 Canadian Urological Association guideline for Peyronie's disease and congenital penile curvature. Can Urol Assoc J, 2018. 12: E197.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29792593
889.Dahm, P., et al. Moving from Consensus- to Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines for Peyronie's Disease. J Sex Med, 2017. 14: 170.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28065352
890.Safarinejad, M.R., et al. A double-blind placebo-controlled study of the efficacy and safety of pentoxifylline in early chronic Peyronie's disease. BJU Int, 2010. 106: 240.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19863517
891.Safarinejad, M.R., et al. Retraction statement: A double-blind placebo-controlled study of the efficacy and safety of pentoxifylline in early chronic Peyronie's disease. BJU Int, 2015. 115: E10.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25830185
892.Ferrini, M.G., et al. Effects of long-term vardenafil treatment on the development of fibrotic plaques in a rat model of Peyronie's disease. BJU Int, 2006. 97: 625.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16469038
893.Valente, E.G., et al. L-arginine and phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors counteract fibrosis in the Peyronie's fibrotic plaque and related fibroblast cultures. Nitric Oxide, 2003. 9: 229.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14996430
894.Ilg, M.M., et al. Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors and Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators Can Prevent But Not Reverse Myofibroblast Transformation in Peyronie's Disease. J Sex Med, 2020. 17: 1848.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32771352
895.Chung, E., et al. The role of PDE5 inhibitors in penile septal scar remodeling: assessment of clinical and radiological outcomes. J Sex Med, 2011. 8: 1472.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21324095
896.Ozturk, U., et al. Effects of sildenafil treatment on patients with Peyronie's disease and erectile dysfunction. Ir J Med Sci, 2014. 183: 449.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24190613
897.Spirito, L., et al. Daily low-dose tadalafil may reduce the penile curvature progression rate in patients with acute Peyronie's disease: a retrospective comparative analysis. Int J Impot Res, 2022.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36513814
898.Mulhall, J.P., et al. Peyronie's disease cell culture models: phenotypic, genotypic and functional analyses. Int J Impot Res, 2002. 14: 397.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12454692
899.Roth, M., et al. Ca2+ channel blockers modulate metabolism of collagens within the extracellular matrix. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1996. 93: 5478.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8643600
900.Favilla, V., et al. Evaluation of intralesional injection of hyaluronic acid compared with verapamil in Peyronie's disease: preliminary results from a prospective, double-blinded, randomized study. Andrology, 2017. 5: 771.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28718527
901.Abern, M.R., et al. Combination of penile traction, intralesional verapamil, and oral therapies for Peyronie's disease. J Sex Med, 2012. 9: 288.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22024053
902.Rehman, J., et al. Use of intralesional verapamil to dissolve Peyronie's disease plaque: a long-term single-blind study. Urology, 1998. 51: 620.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9586617
903.Soh, J., et al. Nicardipine vs. saline injection as treatment for Peyronie's disease: a prospective, randomized, single-blind trial. J Sex Med, 2010. 7: 3743.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20584114
904.Toscano, L., Jr., et al. A prospective, randomized, single - blind study comparing intraplaque injection of thiocolchicine and verapamil in Peyronie's Disease: a pilot study. Int Braz J Urol, 2016. 42: 1005.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24893912
905.Shirazi, M., et al. Effect of intralesional verapamil for treatment of Peyronie's disease: a randomized single-blind, placebo-controlled study. Int Urol Nephrol, 2009. 41: 467.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19199072
906.Gelbard, M.K., et al. The use of collagenase in the treatment of Peyronie's disease. J Urol, 1985. 134: 280.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2991611
907.Ehrlich, H.P. Scar contracture: cellular and connective tissue aspects in Peyronie's disease. J Urol, 1997. 157: 316.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8976288
908.Gelbard, M.K., et al. Collagenase versus placebo in the treatment of Peyronie's disease: a double-blind study. J Urol, 1993. 149: 56.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8417217
909.Jordan, G.H. The use of intralesional clostridial collagenase injection therapy for Peyronie's disease: a prospective, single-center, non-placebo-controlled study. J Sex Med, 2008. 5: 180.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18173766
910.EMA, Assessement Report - Xiapex (Collagenase Clostridium Histolyticum). 2014.
911.Russo, G.I., et al. Comparative Effectiveness of Intralesional Therapy for Peyronie's Disease in Controlled Clinical Studies: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis. J Sex Med, 2019. 16: 289.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30692028
912.Lipshultz, L.I., et al. Clinical efficacy of collagenase Clostridium histolyticum in the treatment of Peyronie's disease by subgroup: results from two large, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase III studies. BJU Int, 2015. 116: 650.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25711400
913.Gelbard, M., et al. Clinical efficacy, safety and tolerability of collagenase clostridium histolyticum for the treatment of peyronie disease in 2 large double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled phase 3 studies. J Urol, 2013. 190: 199.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23376148
914.Abdel Raheem, A., et al. Safety and effectiveness of collagenase clostridium histolyticum in the treatment of Peyronie's disease using a new modified shortened protocol. BJU Int, 2017. 120: 717.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28612401
915.Cocci, A., et al. Predictors of treatment success after collagenase Clostridium histolyticum injection for Peyronie's disease: development of a nomogram from a multicentre single-arm, non-placebo controlled clinical study. BJU Int, 2018. 122: 680.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29791971
916.Carson, C.C., 3rd, et al. Analysis of the clinical safety of intralesional injection of collagenase Clostridium histolyticum (CCH) for adults with Peyronie's disease (PD). BJU Int, 2015. 116: 815.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25818264
917.El-Khatib, F.M., et al. Management of Peyronie's disease with collagenase Clostridium histolyticum in the acute phase. World J Urol, 2020. 38: 299.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31093703
918.Cocci, A., et al. Efficacy of Collagenase Clostridium histolyticum (Xiapex((R))) in Patients with the Acute Phase of Peyronie's Disease. Clin Drug Investig, 2020. 40: 583.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32342279
919.Nguyen, H.M.T., et al. Safety and Efficacy of Collagenase Clostridium histolyticum in the Treatment of Acute Phase Peyronie's Disease: A Multi-institutional Analysis. Urology, 2020. 145: 147.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32777367
920.Ziegelmann, M.J., et al. Restoration of Penile Function and Patient Satisfaction with Intralesional Collagenase Clostridium Histolyticum Injection for Peyronie's Disease. J Urol, 2016. 195: 1051.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26476353
921.Yang, K.K., et al. Peyronie's Disease and Injectable Collagenase Clostridium histolyticum: Safety, Efficacy, and Improvements in Subjective Symptoms. Urology, 2016. 94: 143.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27211926
922.Hellstrom, W.J., et al. Single-blind, multicenter, placebo controlled, parallel study to assess the safety and efficacy of intralesional interferon alpha-2B for minimally invasive treatment for Peyronie's disease. J Urol, 2006. 176: 394.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16753449
923.Kendirci, M., et al. The impact of intralesional interferon alpha-2b injection therapy on penile hemodynamics in men with Peyronie's disease. J Sex Med, 2005. 2: 709.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16422829
924.Stewart, C.A., et al. Intralesional Injection of Interferon-alpha2b Improves Penile Curvature in Men with Peyronie's Disease Independent of Plaque Location. J Urol, 2015. 194: 1704.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26144333
925.Cipollone, G., et al. [Betamethasone versus placebo in Peyronie's disease]. Arch Ital Urol Androl, 1998. 70: 165.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9823662
926.Desanctis, P.N., et al. Steroid injection therapy for Peyronie's disease: a 10-year summary and review of 38 cases. J Urol, 1967. 97: 114.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6016195
927.Cocci, A., et al. Comparison of Intralesional Hyaluronic Acid vs. Verapamil for the Treatment of Acute Phase Peyronie's Disease: A Prospective, Open-Label Non-Randomized Clinical Study. World J Mens Health, 2021. 39: 352.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32009312
928.Cai, T., et al. Oral Administration and Intralesional Injection of Hyaluronic Acid Versus Intralesional Injection Alone in Peyronie's Disease: Results from a Phase III Study. World J Mens Health, 2021. 39: 526.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33151042
929.Munoz-Rangel, C.A., et al. Minimally Invasive Therapy Using Intralesional OnabotulinumtoxinA in Peyronie's Disease. Urol J, 2015. 12: 2105.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25923158
930.Virag, R., et al. A New Treatment of Lapeyronie’s Disease by Local Injections of Plasma Rich Platelets (PRP) and Hyaluronic Acid. Preliminary Results. e-Mémoires de l'Académie Nationale de Chirurgie, 2014. 13: 96.
931.Virag R, et al. Evaluation of the benefit of using a combination of autologous platelet rich- plasma and hyaluronic acid for the treatment of Peyronie’s disease. Sex Health Issues, 2017. 1: 1.
932.Marcovici, I. PRP and Correction of Penile Curvature (Peyronie’s Disease). The American Journal of Cosmetic Surgery, 2018. 36: 117.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0748806818798280
933.Notsek, M., et al. PO-01-083 Platelet-rich Plasma Therapy of Peyronie's Disease. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 2019. 16: S70.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.03.225
934.Schirmann, A., et al. Tolerance and efficacy of platelet-rich plasma injections in Peyronie's disease: Pilot study. Prog Urol, 2022. 32: 856.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35778315
935.Achraf, C., et al. Platelet-rich plasma in patients affected with Peyronie's disease. Arab J Urol, 2023. 21: 69.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37234679
936.Chu, K.Y., et al. A Phase 2 Randomized, Placebo-controlled Crossover Trial to Evaluate Safety and Efficacy of Platelet-rich Plasma Injections for Peyronie's Disease: Clinical Trial Update. Eur Urol Focus, 2023. 9: 11.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36100520
937.Montorsi, F., et al. Transdermal electromotive multi-drug administration for Peyronie's disease: preliminary results. J Androl, 2000. 21: 85.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10670523
938.Di Stasi, S.M., et al. Transdermal electromotive administration of verapamil and dexamethasone for Peyronie's disease. BJU Int, 2003. 91: 825.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12780842
939.Greenfield, J.M., et al. Verapamil versus saline in electromotive drug administration for Peyronie's disease: a double-blind, placebo controlled trial. J Urol, 2007. 177: 972.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17296390
940.Twidwell, J., et al. Topical treatment for acute phase Peyronie's disease utilizing a new gel, H-100: a randomized, prospective, placebo-controlled pilot study. Int J Impot Res, 2016. 28: 41.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26700214
941.Palmieri, A., et al. A first prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial evaluating extracorporeal shock wave therapy for the treatment of Peyronie's disease. Eur Urol, 2009. 56: 363.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19473751
942.Chitale, S., et al. Limited shock wave therapy vs sham treatment in men with Peyronie's disease: results of a prospective randomized controlled double-blind trial. BJU Int, 2010. 106: 1352.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20438568
943.Palmieri, A., et al. Tadalafil once daily and extracorporeal shock wave therapy in the management of patients with Peyronie's disease and erectile dysfunction: results from a prospective randomized trial. Int J Androl, 2012. 35: 190.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22085227
944.Hatzichristodoulou, G., et al. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy in Peyronie's disease: results of a placebo-controlled, prospective, randomized, single-blind study. J Sex Med, 2013. 10: 2815.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23898925
945.Gao, L., et al. A meta-analysis of extracorporeal shock wave therapy for Peyronie's disease. Int J Impot Res, 2016. 28: 161.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27250868
946.Husain, J., et al. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy in the management of Peyronie's disease: initial experience. BJU Int, 2000. 86: 466.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10971273
947.Gelbard, M. Myofibroblasts and mechanotransduction: do forces in the tunica albuginea contribute to Peyronie's disease? J Sex Med, 2008. 5: 2974.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19090949
948.Chung, E., et al. Peyronie's disease and mechanotransduction: an in vitro analysis of the cellular changes to Peyronie's disease in a cell-culture strain system. J Sex Med, 2013. 10: 1259.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23421851
949.Gontero, P., et al. Use of penile extender device in the treatment of penile curvature as a result of Peyronie's disease. Results of a phase II prospective study. J Sex Med, 2009. 6: 558.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19138361
950.Levine, L.A., et al. Penile traction therapy for treatment of Peyronie's disease: a single-center pilot study. J Sex Med, 2008. 5: 1468.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18373527
951.Martinez-Salamanca, J.I., et al. Acute phase Peyronie's disease management with traction device: a nonrandomized prospective controlled trial with ultrasound correlation. J Sex Med, 2014. 11: 506.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24261900
952.Wymer, K., et al. Comparative Cost-effectiveness of Surgery, Collagenase Clostridium Histolyticum, and Penile Traction Therapy in Men with Peyronie's Disease in an Era of Effective Clinical Treatment. J Sex Med, 2019. 16: 1421.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31351851
953.Ziegelmann, M., et al. Outcomes of a Novel Penile Traction Device in Men with Peyronie's Disease: A Randomized, Single-Blind, Controlled Trial. J Urol, 2019. 202: 599.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30916626
954.Moncada, I., et al. Penile traction therapy with the new device 'Penimaster PRO' is effective and safe in the stable phase of Peyronie's disease: a controlled multicentre study. BJU Int, 2019. 123: 694.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30365247
955.Garcia-Gomez, B., et al. The Use of Penile Traction Devices for Peyronie's Disease: Position Statements from the European Society for Sexual Medicine. Sex Med, 2021. 9: 100387.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34273788
956.Broderick, G.A., et al. The hemodynamics of vacuum constriction erections: assessment by color Doppler ultrasound. J Urol, 1992. 147: 57.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1729552
957.Paulis, G., et al. Long-term multimodal therapy (verapamil associated with propolis, blueberry, vitamin E and local diclofenac) on patients with Peyronie's disease (chronic inflammation of the tunica albuginea). Results of a controlled study. Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets, 2013. 12: 403.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24304332
958.Raheem, A.A., et al. The role of vacuum pump therapy to mechanically straighten the penis in Peyronie's disease. BJU Int, 2010. 106: 1178.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20438558
959.MacDonald, L.P., et al. Outcome analysis of patients with Peyronie's disease who elect for vacuum erection device therapy. Can Urol Assoc J, 2020. 14: E428.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32223874
960.Avant, R.A., et al. Penile Traction Therapy and Vacuum Erection Devices in Peyronie's Disease. Sex Med Rev, 2019. 7: 338.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29631979
961.Yafi, F.A., et al. The Effect of Duration of Penile Traction Therapy in Patients Undergoing Intralesional Injection Therapy for Peyronie's Disease. J Urol, 2015. 194: 754.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25804087
962.Ziegelmann, M.J., et al. Clinical Experience With Penile Traction Therapy Among Men Undergoing Collagenase Clostridium histolyticum for Peyronie Disease. Urology, 2017. 104: 102.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28347795
963.Haney, N.M., et al. The Effect of Adjunct Mechanical Traction on Penile Length in Men Undergoing Primary Treatment for Peyronie's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Urology, 2018. 122: 110.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30099127
964.Cocci, A., et al. Sildenafil 25 mg ODT + Collagenase Clostridium hystoliticum vs Collagenase Clostridium hystoliticum Alone for the Management of Peyronie's Disease: A Matched-Pair Comparison Analysis. J Sex Med, 2018. 15: 1472.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30245025
965.Ralph, D., et al. The management of Peyronie's disease: evidence-based 2010 guidelines. J Sex Med, 2010. 7: 2359.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20497306
966.Matsushita, K., et al. Concordance between patient and physician assessment of the magnitude of Peyronie's disease curvature. J Sex Med, 2014. 11: 205.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24119178
967.Smith, J.F., et al. Peyronie's disease: a critical appraisal of current diagnosis and treatment. Int J Impot Res, 2008. 20: 445.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18650828
968.Kadioglu, A., et al. Current status of the surgical management of Peyronie's disease. Nat Rev Urol, 2011. 8: 95.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21304544
969.Carson, C.C., et al. Outcomes of surgical treatment of Peyronie's disease. BJU Int, 2014. 113: 704.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24219080
970.Taylor, F.L., et al. Surgical correction of Peyronie's disease via tunica albuginea plication or partial plaque excision with pericardial graft: long-term follow up. J Sex Med, 2008. 5: 2221.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18637996
971.Langston, J.P., et al. Peyronie disease: plication or grafting. Urol Clin North Am, 2011. 38: 207.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21621087
972.Mulhall, J., et al. A surgical algorithm for men with combined Peyronie's disease and erectile dysfunction: functional and satisfaction outcomes. J Sex Med, 2005. 2: 132.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16422916
973.Garaffa, G., et al. Circumcision is not mandatory in penile surgery. BJU Int, 2010. 105: 222.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19594732
974.Adibi, M., et al. Penile plication without degloving enables effective correction of complex Peyronie's deformities. Urology, 2012. 79: 831.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22365444
975.Clavell-Hernandez, J., et al. Penile Size Restoration With Nondegloving Approach for Peyronie's Disease: Initial Experience. J Sex Med, 2018. 15: 1506.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30177471
976.Kendirci, M., et al. Critical analysis of surgery for Peyronie's disease. Curr Opin Urol, 2004. 14: 381.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15626883
977.Nesbit, R.M. Congenital Curvature of the Phallus: Report of Three Cases with Description of Corrective Operation. J Urol, 1965. 93: 230.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14260875
978.Pryor, J.P., et al. A new approach to the correction of the penile deformity in Peyronie's disease. J Urol, 1979. 122: 622.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/501814
979.Lemberger, R.J., et al. Nesbit's operation for Peyronie's disease. Br J Urol, 1984. 56: 721.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6534497
980.Sassine, A.M., et al. Modified corporoplasty for penile curvature: 10 years' experience. Urology, 1994. 44: 419.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8073558
981.Daitch, J.A., et al. Modified corporoplasty for penile curvature: long-term results and patient satisfaction. J Urol, 1999. 162: 2006.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10569557
982.Licht, M.R., et al. Modified Nesbit procedure for the treatment of Peyronie's disease: a comparative outcome analysis. J Urol, 1997. 158: 460.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9224323
983.Yachia, D. Modified corporoplasty for the treatment of penile curvature. J Urol, 1990. 143: 80.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2294269
984.Lopes, I., et al. Penile corporoplasty with Yachia's technique for Peyronie's disease: Single center experience with 117 patients. Urol Ann, 2013. 5: 167.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24049379
985.Nooter, R.I., et al. Peyronie's disease and congenital penile curvature: long-term results of operative treatment with the plication procedure. Br J Urol, 1994. 74: 497.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7820430
986.Klevmark, B., et al. Congenital and acquired curvature of the penis treated surgically by plication of the tunica albuginea. Br J Urol, 1994. 74: 501.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7820431
987.Kummerling, S., et al. Peyronie's disease. Investigation of staging, erectile failure and operative management. Int Urol Nephrol, 1995. 27: 629.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8775049
988.Thiounn, N., et al. Corporeal plication for surgical correction of penile curvature. Experience with 60 patients. Eur Urol, 1998. 33: 401.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9612685
989.Schultheiss, D., et al. Congenital and acquired penile deviation treated with the essed plication method. Eur Urol, 2000. 38: 167.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10895008
990.Chahal, R., et al. Corporal plication for penile curvature caused by Peyronie's disease: the patients' perspective. BJU Int, 2001. 87: 352.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11251529
991.Cormio, L., et al. Tunica albuginea plication for the correction of penile curvature. Scand J Urol Nephrol, 2002. 36: 307.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12201925
992.van der Drift, D.G., et al. The plication procedure for penile curvature: surgical outcome and postoperative sexual functioning. Urol Int, 2002. 69: 120.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12187042
993.Van Der Horst, C., et al. Treatment of penile curvature with Essed-Schroder tunical plication: aspects of quality of life from the patients' perspective. BJU Int, 2004. 93: 105.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14678379
994.Geertsen, U.A., et al. Peyronie curvature treated by plication of the penile fasciae. Br J Urol, 1996. 77: 733.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8689121
995.Kim, D.H., et al. Subjective patient-reported experiences after surgery for Peyronie's disease: corporeal plication versus plaque incision with vein graft. Urology, 2008. 71: 698.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18387398
996.Cantoro, U., et al. Penile plication for Peyronie's disease: our results with mean follow-up of 103 months on 89 patients. Int J Impot Res, 2014. 26: 156.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24572996
997.Iacono, F., et al. Tunical plication in the management of penile curvature due La Peyronie's disease. Our experience on 47 cases. BMC Surg, 2012. 12 Suppl 1: S25.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23173735
998.Kadirov, R., et al. Penile Plication With or Without Degloving of the Penis Results in Similar Outcomes. Sex Med, 2017. 5: e142.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28711404
999.Hudak, S.J., et al. Favorable patient reported outcomes after penile plication for wide array of peyronie disease abnormalities. J Urol, 2013. 189: 1019.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23017514
1000.Reddy, R.S., et al. Plication for Severe Peyronie's Deformities Has Similar Long-Term Outcomes to Milder Cases. J Sex Med, 2018. 15: 1498.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30228083
1001.Seveso, M., et al. Surgical correction of Peyronie's disease via tunica albuginea plication: long-term follow-up. Andrology, 2018. 6: 47.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29195031
1002.Cayan, S., et al. Comparison of Patient's Satisfaction and Long-term Results of 2 Penile Plication Techniques: Lessons Learned From 387 Patients With Penile Curvature. Urology, 2019. 129: 106.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30954611
1003.Gholami, S.S., et al. Correction of penile curvature using the 16-dot plication technique: a review of 132 patients. J Urol, 2002. 167: 2066.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11956440
1004.Salem, E.A. Modified 16-Dot plication technique for correction of penile curvature: prevention of knot-related complications. Int J Impot Res, 2018. 30: 117.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29736012
1005.Ismail, H.R., et al. Non-tensile tunica albuginea plication for the correction of penile curvature. Afr J Urol, 2009. 15:88.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12301-009-0019-2
1006.Rehman, J., et al. Results of surgical treatment for abnormal penile curvature: Peyronie's disease and congenital deviation by modified Nesbit plication (tunical shaving and plication). J Urol, 1997. 157: 1288.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9120923
1007.Kuehhas, F.E., et al. Superficial tunica albuginea excision, using geometric principles, for the correction of congenital penile curvature. BJU Int, 2012. 110: E949.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22788740
1008.Vicini, P., et al. Geometrical modified nesbit corporoplasty to correct different types of penile curvature: description of the surgical procedure based on geometrical principles and long-term results. Int J Impot Res, 2016. 28: 209.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27511302
1009.Schwarzer, J.U., et al. Tunica albuginea underlap--a new modification of the Nesbit procedure: description of the technique and preliminary results. J Sex Med, 2012. 9: 2970.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22925461
1010.Zaid, U.B., et al. Surgical management of Peyronie's disease. Curr Urol Rep, 2014. 15: 446.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25118854
1011.Dalkin, B.L., et al. Venogenic impotence following dermal graft repair for Peyronie's disease. J Urol, 1991. 146: 849.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1843616
1012.Flores, S., et al. Erectile dysfunction after plaque incision and grafting: short-term assessment of incidence and predictors. J Sex Med, 2011. 8: 2031.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21595832
1013.Garcia-Gomez, B., et al. Grafts for Peyronie's disease: a comprehensive review. Andrology, 2018. 6: 117.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29266877
1014.Egydio, P.H., et al. A single relaxing incision to correct different types of penile curvature: surgical technique based on geometrical principles. BJU Int, 2004. 94: 1147.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15541152
1015.Gelbard, M.K., et al. The natural history of Peyronie's disease. J Urol, 1990. 144: 1376.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2231932
1016.Devine, C.J., Jr., et al. Surgical treatment of Peyronie's disease with a dermal graff. J Urol, 1974. 111: 44.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4273261
1017.De Rose, A.F., et al. Dermal graft surgery for Peyronie's disease: Long term results at a 15 years follow-up. Arch Esp Urol, 2019. 72: 415.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31070138
1018.Hicks, C.C., et al. Experience with the Horton-Devine dermal graft in the treatment of Peyronie's disease. J Urol, 1978. 119: 504.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/349174
1019.Wild, R.M., et al. Dermal graft repair of Peyronie's disease: survey of 50 patients. J Urol, 1979. 121: 47.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/366185
1020.Alferez-Villalobos, C., et al. [Surgery of Peyronie's disease using a skin graft]. Actas Urol Esp, 1981. 5: 105.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7023198
1021.Austoni, E., et al. [Radical surgery and conservation of erection in Peyronie's disease]. Arch Ital Urol Androl, 1995. 67: 359.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8589753
1022.Kondas, J., et al. Plaque excision and dermal graft in the surgical treatment of plastic induration of the penis (Peyronie's disease). Int Urol Nephrol, 1998. 30: 321.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9696341
1023.Chun, J.L., et al. A comparison of dermal and cadaveric pericardial grafts in the modified Horton-Devine procedure for Peyronie's disease. J Urol, 2001. 166: 185.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11435853
1024.Irani, D., et al. Results of dermal patch graft in the treatment of Peyronie's disease. Urol J, 2004. 1: 103.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17874395
1025.Nikoobakht, M.R., et al. Management of Peyronie's disease by dermal grafting. Urol J, 2004. 1: 99.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17874394
1026.Kovac, J.R., et al. Surgical outcomes and patient satisfaction after dermal, pericardial, and small intestinal submucosal grafting for Peyronie's disease. J Sex Med, 2007. 4: 1500.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17433088
1027.Goyal, N.K., et al. Experience with plaque excision and dermal grafting in the surgical treatment of Peyronie's disease. Singapore Med J, 2008. 49: 805.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18946615
1028.Kim, E.D., et al. Long-term followup of treatment of Peyronie's disease with plaque incision, carbon dioxide laser plaque ablation and placement of a deep dorsal vein patch graft. J Urol, 1995. 153: 1843.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7752331
1029.El-Sakka, A.I., et al. Venous patch graft for Peyronie's disease. Part II: outcome analysis. J Urol, 1998. 160: 2050.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9817321
1030.Chalouhy, E., et al. Vein grafting of tunical incisions in the treatment of Peyronie's disease. J Med Liban, 1998. 46: 251.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10349258
1031.Arena, F., et al. Peyronie's disease--incision and dorsal vein grafting combined with contralateral plication in straightening the penis. Scand J Urol Nephrol, 1999. 33: 181.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10452294
1032.De Stefani, S., et al. Saphenous vein harvesting by 'stripping' technique and 'W'-shaped patch covering after plaque incision in treatment of Peyronie's disease. Int J Impot Res, 2000. 12: 299.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11416831
1033.Akkus, E., et al. Incision and venous patch graft in the surgical treatment of penile curvature in Peyronie's disease. Eur Urol, 2001. 40: 531.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11752861
1034.Yurkanin, J.P., et al. Effect of incision and saphenous vein grafting for Peyronie's disease on penile length and sexual satisfaction. J Urol, 2001. 166: 1769.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11586221
1035.Adeniyi, A.A., et al. The Lue procedure: an analysis of the outcome in Peyronie's disease. BJU Int, 2002. 89: 404.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11872033
1036.Metin, A., et al. Plaque incision and venous patch grafting for Peyronie's disease. Int Urol Nephrol, 2002. 34: 223.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12775100
1037.Porena, M., et al. Peyronie's disease: corporoplasty using saphenous vein patch graft. Urol Int, 2002. 68: 91.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11834897
1038.Montorsi, F., et al. 1256: Five Year Followup of Plaque Incision and Vein Grafting for Peyronie's Disease. Journal of Urology, 2004. 171: 331.
https://www.auajournals.org/doi/10.1016/S0022-5347%2818%2938481-7
1039.Kalsi, J., et al. The results of plaque incision and venous grafting (Lue procedure) to correct the penile deformity of Peyronie's disease. BJU Int, 2005. 95: 1029.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15839925
1040.Hsu, G.L., et al. Long-term results of autologous venous grafts for penile morphological reconstruction. J Androl, 2007. 28: 186.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16988328
1041.Kadioglu, A., et al. Surgical treatment of Peyronie's disease: a single center experience with 145 patients. Eur Urol, 2008. 53: 432.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17467161
1042.Wimpissinger, F., et al. 10 Years' Plaque Incision and Vein Grafting for Peyronie's Disease: Does Time Matter? J Sex Med, 2016. 13: 120.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26755094
1043.Kayigil, O., et al. The comparison of an acellular matrix graft with an autologous venous graft in the surgical treatment of Peyronie's disease. Andrologia, 2019. 51: e13168.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30298592
1044.Teloken, C., et al. Penile straightening with crural graft of the corpus cavernosum. J Urol, 2000. 164: 107.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10840434
1045.Da Ros, C.T., et al. Long-term follow-up of penile curvature correction utilizing autologous albugineal crural graft. Int Braz J Urol, 2012. 38: 242.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22555030
1046.Schwarzer, J.U., et al. Penile corporoplasty using tunica albuginea free graft from proximal corpus cavernosum: a new technique for treatment of penile curvature in Peyronie's disease. Eur Urol, 2003. 44: 720.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14644126
1047.Das, S. Peyronie's disease: excision and autografting with tunica vaginalis. J Urol, 1980. 124: 818.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7441830
1048.O'Donnell, P.D. Results of surgical management of Peyronie's disease. J Urol, 1992. 148: 1184.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1404633
1049.Helal, M.A., et al. Tunica vaginalis flap for the management of disabling Peyronie's disease: surgical technique, results, and complications. Urology, 1995. 46: 390.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7660515
1050.Yuanyuan, M., et al. Testicular tunica vaginalis patch grafting for the treatment of Peyronie's disease. Cell Biochem Biophys, 2015. 71: 1117.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25486902
1051.Liu, B., et al. Surgical treatment of Peyronie's disease with autologous tunica vaginalis of testis. BMC Urol, 2016. 16: 1.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26762220
1052.Shioshvili, T.J., et al. The surgical treatment of Peyronie's disease: replacement of plaque by free autograft of buccal mucosa. Eur Urol, 2005. 48: 129.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15967262
1053.Liu, B., et al. [Replacement of plaque by buccal mucosa in the treatment of Peyronies disease: a report of 27 cases]. Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue, 2009. 15: 45.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19288749
1054.Cormio, L., et al. Surgical treatment of Peyronie's disease by plaque incision and grafting with buccal mucosa. Eur Urol, 2009. 55: 1469.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19084325
1055.Salem, E.A., et al. Lingual mucosal graft in treatment of Peyronie disease. Urology, 2014. 84: 1374.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25283703
1056.Zucchi, A., et al. Corporoplasty using buccal mucosa graft in Peyronie disease: is it a first choice? Urology, 2015. 85: 679.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25582815
1057.Molina-Escudero, R., et al. Cavernoplasty with oral mucosa graft for the surgical treatment of Peyronie's disease. Actas Urol Esp, 2016. 40: 328.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26874924
1058.Fabiani, A., et al. Buccal mucosa is a promising graft in Peyronie's disease surgery. Our experience and a brief literature review on autologous grafting materials. Arch Ital Urol Androl, 2016. 88: 115.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27377087
1059.Collins, J.P. Experience with lyophilized human dura for treatment of Peyronie disease. Urology, 1988. 31: 379.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3363774
1060.Sampaio, J.S., et al. Peyronie's disease: surgical correction of 40 patients with relaxing incision and duramater graft. Eur Urol, 2002. 41: 551.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12074798
1061.Leungwattanakij, S., et al. Long-term follow-up on use of pericardial graft in the surgical management of Peyronie's disease. Int J Impot Res, 2001. 13: 183.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11525318
1062.Levine, L.A., et al. Human cadaveric pericardial graft for the surgical correction of Peyronie's disease. J Urol, 2003. 170: 2359.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14634416
1063.Kalsi, J.S., et al. Plaque incision and fascia lata grafting in the surgical management of Peyronie's disease. BJU Int, 2006. 98: 110.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16831154
1064.Gelbard, M.K., et al. Expanding contractures of the tunica albuginea due to Peyronie's disease with temporalis fascia free grafts. J Urol, 1991. 145: 772.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2005698
1065.Kargi, E., et al. Relaxation incision and fascia lata grafting in the surgical correction of penile curvature in Peyronie's disease. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2004. 113: 254.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14707644
1066.Voytik-Harbin, S.L., et al. Identification of extractable growth factors from small intestinal submucosa. J Cell Biochem, 1997. 67: 478.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9383707
1067.Breyer, B.N., et al. Complications of porcine small intestine submucosa graft for Peyronie's disease. J Urol, 2007. 177: 589.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17222639
1068.Knoll, L.D. Use of porcine small intestinal submucosal graft in the surgical management of tunical deficiencies with penile prosthetic surgery. Urology, 2002. 59: 758.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11992915
1069.Lee, E.W., et al. Small intestinal submucosa for patch grafting after plaque incision in the treatment of Peyronie's disease. Int Braz J Urol, 2008. 34: 191.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18462517
1070.Staerman, F., et al. Medium-term follow-up of plaque incision and porcine small intestinal submucosal grafting for Peyronie's disease. Int J Impot Res, 2010. 22: 343.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21124338
1071.Chung, E., et al. Five-year follow-up of Peyronie's graft surgery: outcomes and patient satisfaction. J Sex Med, 2011. 8: 594.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21054805
1072.Cosentino, M., et al. Surgical treatment of Peyronie's disease with small intestinal submucosa graft patch. Int J Impot Res, 2016. 28: 106.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27030055
1073.Morgado, A., et al. Penile lengthening with porcine small intestinal submucosa grafting in Peyronie's disease treatment: long-term surgical outcomes, patients' satisfaction and dissatisfaction predictors. Andrology, 2018. 6: 909.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30076677
1074.Sayedahmed, K., et al. Bicentric prospective evaluation of corporoplasty with porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) in patients with severe Peyronie's disease. World J Urol, 2017. 35: 1119.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27864619
1075.Valente, P., et al. Small Intestinal Submucosa Grafting for Peyronie Disease: Outcomes and Patient Satisfaction. Urology, 2017. 100: 117.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27825744
1076.Sansalone, S., et al. Long-term results of the surgical treatment of Peyronie's disease with Egydio's technique: a European multicentre study. Asian J Androl, 2011. 13: 842.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21743482
1077.Egydio, P.H., et al. Treatment of Peyronie's disease by incomplete circumferential incision of the tunica albuginea and plaque with bovine pericardium graft. Urology, 2002. 59: 570.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11927316
1078.Otero, J.R., et al. Use of a lyophilized bovine pericardium graft to repair tunical defect in patients with Peyronie's disease: experience in a clinical setting. Asian J Androl, 2017. 19: 316.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26806077
1079.Silva-Garreton, A., et al. Satisfaction of patients with Peyronie's disease after plaque surgery and bovine pericardium graft. Actas Urol Esp, 2017. 41: 103.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27468940
1080.Hatzichristodoulou, G., et al. Surgical therapy of Peyronie's disease by partial plaque excision and grafting with collagen fleece: feasibility study of a new technique. Int J Impot Res, 2013. 25: 183.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23446807
1081.Lahme, S., et al. Collagen fleece for defect coverage following plaque excision in patients with Peyronie's disease. Eur Urol, 2002. 41: 401.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12074811
1082.Horstmann, M., et al. A self-reported long-term follow-up of patients operated with either shortening techniques or a TachoSil grafting procedure. Asian J Androl, 2011. 13: 326.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21240293
1083.Hatzichristodoulou, G. Partial Plaque Excision and Grafting With Collagen Fleece in Peyronie Disease. J Sex Med, 2016. 13: 277.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26953837
1084.Hatzichristodoulou, G. Introducing the ventral sealing technique using collagen fleece for surgical therapy of patients with ventral Peyronie's curvature: initial experience. Int J Impot Res, 2018. 30: 306.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29973699
1085.Rosenhammer, B., et al. Long-term outcome after grafting with small intestinal submucosa and collagen fleece in patients with Peyronie's disease: a matched pair analysis. Int J Impot Res, 2019. 31: 256.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30194372
1086.Schiffman, Z.J., et al. Use of Dacron patch graft in Peyronie disease. Urology, 1985. 25: 38.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3155581
1087.Faerber, G.J., et al. Results of combined Nesbit penile plication with plaque incision and placement of Dacron patch in patients with severe Peyronie's disease. J Urol, 1993. 149: 1319.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8479026
1088.Ganabathi, K., et al. Peyronie's disease: surgical treatment based on penile rigidity. J Urol, 1995. 153: 662.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7861510
1089.Bokarica, P., et al. Surgical treatment of Peyronie's disease based on penile length and degree of curvature. Int J Impot Res, 2005. 17: 170.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15215882
1090.Rybak, J., et al. A retrospective comparative study of traction therapy vs. no traction following tunica albuginea plication or partial excision and grafting for Peyronie's disease: measured lengths and patient perceptions. J Sex Med, 2012. 9: 2396.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22900621
1091.Levine, L.A., et al. Erectile dysfunction following surgical correction of Peyronie's disease and a pilot study of the use of sildenafil citrate rehabilitation for postoperative erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med, 2005. 2: 241.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16422892
1092.Fiorillo, A., et al. Long-term outcomes after plaque incision and grafting for Peyronie's disease: comparison of porcine dermal and bovine pericardium grafts. Andrology, 2021. 9: 269.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32981219
1093.Fernandez-Pascual, E., et al. Multicenter Prospective Study of Grafting With Collagen Fleece TachoSil in Patients With Peyronie's Disease. J Sex Med, 2020. 17: 2279.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32830078
1094.Ralph, D.J., et al. The Nesbit operation for Peyronie's disease: 16-year experience. J Urol, 1995. 154: 1362.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7658538
1095.Habous, M., et al. Malleable Penile Implant Is an Effective Therapeutic Option in Men With Peyronie's Disease and Erectile Dysfunction. Sex Med, 2018. 6: 24.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29336942
1096.Yavuz, U., et al. Surgical Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction and Peyronie's Disease Using Malleable Prosthesis. Urol J, 2015. 12: 2428.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26706740
1097.Chung, E., et al. Comparison between AMS 700 CX and Coloplast Titan inflatable penile prosthesis for Peyronie's disease treatment and remodeling: clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction. J Sex Med, 2013. 10: 2855.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23210973
1098.Levine, L.A., et al. Penile Prosthesis Surgery: Current Recommendations From the International Consultation on Sexual Medicine. J Sex Med, 2016. 13: 489.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27045255
1099.Levine, L.A., et al. A surgical algorithm for penile prosthesis placement in men with erectile failure and Peyronie's disease. Int J Impot Res, 2000. 12: 147.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11045907
1100.Wilson, S.K., et al. A new treatment for Peyronie's disease: modeling the penis over an inflatable penile prosthesis. J Urol, 1994. 152: 1121.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8072079
1101.Wilson, S.K. Surgical techniques: modeling technique for penile curvature. J Sex Med, 2007. 4: 231.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17233788
1102.Djordjevic, M.L., et al. Penile prosthesis implantation and tunica albuginea incision without grafting in the treatment of Peyronie's disease with erectile dysfunction. Asian J Androl, 2013. 15: 391.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23435473
1103.Cormio, L., et al. Long-term results of combined tunica albuginea plication and penile prosthesis implantation for severe penile curvature and erectile dysfunction. Case Rep Urol, 2014. 2014: 818623.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24790766
1104.Rahman, N.U., et al. Combined penile plication surgery and insertion of penile prosthesis for severe penile curvature and erectile dysfunction. J Urol, 2004. 171: 2346.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15126818
1105.Garaffa, G., et al. The management of residual curvature after penile prosthesis implantation in men with Peyronie's disease. BJU Int, 2011. 108: 1152.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21314814
1106.Mulcahy, J.J., et al. Tunica wedge excision to correct penile curvature associated with the inflatable penile prosthesis. J Urol, 1987. 138: 63.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3599221
1107.Chung, P.H., et al. High patient satisfaction of inflatable penile prosthesis insertion with synchronous penile plication for erectile dysfunction and Peyronie's disease. J Sex Med, 2014. 11: 1593.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24708140
1108.Falcone, M., et al. A Comparative Study Between 2 Different Grafts Used as Patches After Plaque Incision and Inflatable Penile Prosthesis Implantation for End-Stage Peyronie's Disease. J Sex Med, 2018. 15: 848.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29753801
1109.Sokolakis, I., et al. Penile Prosthesis Implantation Combined With Grafting Techniques in Patients With Peyronie's Disease and Erectile Dysfunction: A Systematic Review. Sex Med Rev, 2022. 10: 451.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34219005
1110.Rolle, L., et al. A new, innovative, lengthening surgical procedure for Peyronie's disease by penile prosthesis implantation with double dorsal-ventral patch graft: the "sliding technique". J Sex Med, 2012. 9: 2389.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22429331
1111.Egydio, P.H., et al. Penile lengthening and widening without grafting according to a modified 'sliding' technique. BJU Int, 2015. 116: 965.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25644141
1112.Egydio, P.H., et al. The Multiple-Slit Technique (MUST) for Penile Length and Girth Restoration. J Sex Med, 2018. 15: 261.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29275049
1113.Fernandez-Pascual, E., et al. Surgical Technique for Complex Cases of Peyronie's Disease With Implantation of Penile Prosthesis, Multiple Corporeal Incisions, and Grafting With Collagen Fleece. J Sex Med, 2019. 16: 323.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30770074
1114.Rolle, L., et al. A prospective multicentric international study on the surgical outcomes and patients' satisfaction rates of the 'sliding' technique for end-stage Peyronie's disease with severe shortening of the penis and erectile dysfunction. BJU Int, 2016. 117: 814.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26688436
1115.Khera, M., et al. Penile Prosthesis Implantation in Patients With Peyronie's Disease: Results of the PROPPER Study Demonstrates a Decrease in Patient-Reported Depression. J Sex Med, 2018. 15: 786.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29653913
1116.Akin-Olugbade, O., et al. Determinants of patient satisfaction following penile prosthesis surgery. J Sex Med, 2006. 3: 743.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16839332
1117.Verit, A., et al. The phallus of the greatest archeological finding of the new millenia: an untold story of Gobeklitepe dated back 12 milleniums. Int J Impot Res, 2021. 33: 504.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32393846
1118.Gul, M., et al. Depictions of penises in historical paintings reflect changing perceptions of the ideal penis size. BJU Int, 2023. 131: 581.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36308456
1119.Khan, S.I., et al. Phallus, performance and power: crisis of masculinity. Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 2009. 23: 37.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14681990701790635
1120.Loos, S., et al. The effect of penis size on partner sexual satisfaction: a literature review. Int J Impot Res, 2023. 35: 519.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36307732
1121.Soubra, A., et al. Revelations on Men Who Seek Penile Augmentation Surgery: A Review. Sex Med Rev, 2022. 10: 460.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34896063
1122.Sharp, G., et al. Sociocultural Influences on Men's Penis Size Perceptions and Decisions to Undergo Penile Augmentation: A Qualitative Study. Aesthet Surg J, 2019. 39: 1253.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31107944
1123.Margraf, J., et al. Well-Being From the Knife? Psychological Effects of Aesthetic Surgery. Clinical Psychological Science, 2013. 1: 239.
https://doi.org/10.1177/21677026124716
1124.Ferraro, G.A., et al. Self-perception and self-esteem of patients seeking cosmetic surgery. Aesthetic Plast Surg, 2005. 29: 184.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15959689
1125.Ghanem, H., et al. Position paper: Management of men complaining of a small penis despite an actually normal size. J Sex Med, 2013. 10: 294.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22512935
1126.Lever, J., et al. Does size matter? Men's and women's views on penis size across the lifespan. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 2006. 7: 129.
https://peplau.psych.ucla.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/141/2017/07/Lever_Frederick_Peplau_2006.pdf
1127.King, B.M., et al. Social Desirability and Young Men's Self-Reports of Penis Size. J Sex Marital Ther, 2019. 45: 452.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30681032
1128.Veale, D., et al. A preliminary investigation of a novel method to manipulate penis length to measure female sexual satisfaction: a single-case experimental design. BJU Int, 2021. 128: 374.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33793040
1129.Grov, C., et al. The association between penis size and sexual health among men who have sex with men. Arch Sex Behav, 2010. 39: 788.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19139986
1130.Sanches, B.C., et al. Does underestimated penile size impact erectile function in healthy men? Int J Impot Res, 2018. 30: 158.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29925936
1131.Reis Mde, M., et al. Perceptions about penis size among supposedly healthy 40 to 60-year-old Brazilian men: a cross-sectional pilot study. Sao Paulo Med J, 2015. 133: 84.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25271878
1132.Nugteren, H.M., et al. 18-year experience in the management of men with a complaint of a small penis. J Sex Marital Ther, 2010. 36: 109.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20169491
1133.Smith, N.K., et al. Genital Self-Image and Considerations of Elective Genital Surgery. J Sex Marital Ther, 2017. 43: 169.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26881739
1134.Vardi, Y., et al. A critical analysis of penile enhancement procedures for patients with normal penile size: surgical techniques, success, and complications. Eur Urol, 2008. 54: 1042.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18760874
1135.Davis, S.N., et al. Male genital image: Measurement and implications for medical conditions and surgical practice. Sexologies, 2012. 21: 43.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1158136011001538
1136.Veale, D., et al. Am I normal? A systematic review and construction of nomograms for flaccid and erect penis length and circumference in up to 15,521 men. BJU Int, 2015. 115: 978.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25487360
1137.Kayes, O., et al. Therapeutic strategies for patients with micropenis or penile dysmorphic disorder. Nat Rev Urol, 2012. 9: 499.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22890302
1138.Greenstein, A., et al. Penile size in adult men-recommendations for clinical and research measurements. Int J Impot Res, 2020. 32: 153.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31171853
1139.Loeb. Harnrohrencapacitat und tripperspritzen. Munch Med Wochenschr, 1899. 46.
1140.Ajmani, M.L., et al. Anthropometric study of male external genitalia of 320 healthy Nigerian adults. Anthropol Anz, 1985. 43: 179.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4026241
1141.Schonfeld, W.A., et al. Normal Growth and Variation in the Male Genitalia from Birth to Maturity. Journal of Urology, 1942. 48: 759.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022534717707677
1142.Bondil, P., et al. Clinical study of the longitudinal deformation of the flaccid penis and of its variations with aging. Eur Urol, 1992. 21: 284.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1459150
1143.Richters, J., et al. Are condoms the right size? A method for self-measurement of the erect penis. Venereology: official publication of the National Venereology Council of Australia, 1995. 8: 77.
1144.Wessells, H., et al. Penile length in the flaccid and erect states: guidelines for penile augmentation. J Urol, 1996. 156: 995.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8709382
1145.Smith, A.M., et al. Does penis size influence condom slippage and breakage? Int J STD AIDS, 1998. 9: 444.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9702591
1146.Bogaert, A.F., et al. The relation between sexual orientation and penile size. Arch Sex Behav, 1999. 28: 213.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10410197
1147.Ponchietti, R., et al. Penile length and circumference: a study on 3,300 young Italian males. Eur Urol, 2001. 39: 183.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11223678
1148.Schneider, T., et al. Does penile size in younger men cause problems in condom use? a prospective measurement of penile dimensions in 111 young and 32 older men. Urology, 2001. 57: 314.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11182344
1149.Spyropoulos, E., et al. Size of external genital organs and somatometric parameters among physically normal men younger than 40 years old. Urology, 2002. 60: 485.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12350491
1150.Awwad, Z., et al. Penile measurements in normal adult Jordanians and in patients with erectile dysfunction. Int J Impot Res, 2005. 17: 191.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15510185
1151.Mehraban, D., et al. Penile size and somatometric parameters among Iranian normal adult men. Int J Impot Res, 2007. 19: 303.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17151695
1152.Promodu, K., et al. Penile length and circumference: an Indian study. Int J Impot Res, 2007. 19: 558.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17568760
1153.Aslan, Y., et al. Penile length and somatometric parameters: a study in healthy young Turkish men. Asian J Androl, 2011. 13: 339.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21151155
1154.Choi, I.H., et al. Second to fourth digit ratio: a predictor of adult penile length. Asian J Androl, 2011. 13: 710.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21725330
1155.Shalaby, M.E., et al. Penile length-somatometric parameters relationship in healthy Egyptian men. Andrologia, 2015. 47: 402.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24698122
1156.Habous, M., et al. Erect penile dimensions in a cohort of 778 Middle Eastern men: establishment of a nomogram. J Sex Med, 2015. 12: 1402.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25904106
1157.Hussein, N.S., et al. Reference range of flaccid and stretched penile lengths of adult males in Baghdad: A cross-sectional study. Arab J Urol, 2017. 15: 68.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28275522
1158.Alves Barboza, R., et al. Anthropometric study of penile length in self-declared Brazilians regarding the color of the skin as white or black: The study of a Myth. Int J Impot Res, 2018. 30: 43.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29180798
1159.Di Mauro, M., et al. Penile length and circumference dimensions: A large study in young Italian men. Andrologia, 2021. 53: e14053.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33748967
1160.Nguyen Hoai, B., et al. Data from 14,597 penile measurements of vietnamese men. Andrology, 2021. 9: 906.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33484108
1161.Takure, A.O. Penile length of men attending urology outpatient clinic in Southwest Nigeria. Pan Afr Med J, 2021. 39: 155.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34539952
1162.Sole, M., et al. Reference penile size measurement and correlation with other anthropometric dimensions: a prospective study in 800 men. Asian J Androl, 2022. 24: 620.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35381693
1163.Habous, M., et al. Analysis of the Interobserver Variability in Penile Length Assessment. J Sex Med, 2015. 12: 2031.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26440678
1164.Lee, P.A., et al. Micropenis. I. Criteria, etiologies and classification. Johns Hopkins Med J, 1980. 146: 156.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7366061
1165.Aaronson, I.A. Micropenis: medical and surgical implications. J Urol, 1994. 152: 4.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8201683
1166.Nelson, C.P., et al. The increasing incidence of congenital penile anomalies in the United States. J Urol, 2005. 174: 1573.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16148654
1167.Gaspari, L., et al. High prevalence of micropenis in 2710 male newborns from an intensive-use pesticide area of Northeastern Brazil. Int J Androl, 2012. 35: 253.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22372605
1168.Zattoni, F., et al. The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on pornography habits: a global analysis of Google Trends. Int J Impot Res, 2020. 33: 824.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33249423
1169.Altintas, E., et al. The dark side of the internet regarding sexual education. Int J Impot Res, 2022. 34: 235.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33479471
1170.Maizels, M., et al. Surgical correction of the buried penis: description of a classification system and a technique to correct the disorder. J Urol, 1986. 136: 268.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2873259
1171.Negm, M., et al. Congenital webbed penis: Surgical outcomes of a simplified technique. J Pediatr Urol, 2021. 17: 813 e1.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34511377
1172.Tausch, T.J., et al. Classification System for Individualized Treatment of Adult Buried Penis Syndrome. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2016. 138: 703.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27152580
1173.Keyes, E.L., Urology: diseases of the urinary organs, diseases of the male genital organs, the venereal diseases. 1921, New York.
1174.Falcone, M., et al. What are the benefits and harms of surgical management options for adult-acquired buried penis? A systematic review. BJU Int, 2023. 131: 8.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35044046
1175.Alter, G.J. Pubic contouring after massive weight loss in men and women: correction of hidden penis, mons ptosis, and labia majora enlargement. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2012. 130: 936.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23018703
1176.Cohen, P.R. Adult Acquired Buried Penis: A Hidden Problem in Obese Men. Cureus, 2021. 13: e13067.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33680609
1177.Hampson, L.A., et al. Surgical and Functional Outcomes Following Buried Penis Repair With Limited Panniculectomy and Split-thickness Skin Graft. Urology, 2017. 110: 234.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28797684
1178.Hughes, D.B., et al. Sexual and Overall Quality of Life Improvements After Surgical Correction of "Buried Penis". Ann Plast Surg, 2016. 76: 532.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25785378
1179.Knio, Z., et al. Lichen sclerosis: clinicopathological study of 60 cases from Lebanon. Int J Dermatol, 2016. 55: 1076.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27229659
1180.Ngaage, L.M., et al. Uncovering the Hidden Penis: A Nomenclature and Classification System. Ann Plast Surg, 2021. 86: 444.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32842029
1181.Kara, O., et al. Buried penis in adults as a complication of circumcision: Surgical management and long-term outcomes. Andrologia, 2021. 53: e13921.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33244793
1182.Zhang, P., et al. Suprapubic Liposuction With a Modified Devine's Technique for Buried Penis Release in Adults. Plast Surg (Oakv), 2020. 28: 172.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32879874
1183.Monn, M.F., et al. Surgical management and outcomes of adult acquired buried penis with and without lichen sclerosus: a comparative analysis. Int Urol Nephrol, 2020. 52: 1893.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32378139
1184.Gao, B., et al. Effect of surgical repair of acquired buried penis on sexual function in adults. Int Urol Nephrol, 2020. 52: 1087.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31993887
1185.Erpelding, S.G., et al. Outpatient Surgical Management for Acquired Buried Penis. Urology, 2019. 123: 247.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30312674
1186.Hesse, M.A., et al. The Surgical Treatment of Adult Acquired Buried Penis Syndrome: A New Classification System. Aesthet Surg J, 2019. 39: 979.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30544206
1187.Zhang, X., et al. Suspensory ligament release combined with acellular dermal matrix filler in infrapubic space: A new method for penile length augmentation. Andrologia, 2019. 51: e13351.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31264245
1188.Monn, M.F., et al. The Use of Full Thickness Skin Graft Phalloplasty During Adult Acquired Buried Penis Repair. Urology, 2019. 129: 223.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31005654
1189.Aube, M., et al. Predictors of surgical complications and evaluation of outcomes after surgical correction of adult-acquired buried penis. Int Urol Nephrol, 2020. 52: 687.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31797250
1190.Cocci, A., et al. Subjective and objective results in surgical correction of adult acquired buried penis: A single-centre observational study. Arch Ital Urol Androl, 2019. 91: 25.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30932426
1191.Pariser, J.J., et al. A Simplified Adult Acquired Buried Penis Repair Classification System With an Analysis of Perioperative Complications and Urethral Stricture Disease. Urology, 2018. 120: 248.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29898381
1192.Theisen, K.M., et al. Surgical Management of Adult-acquired Buried Penis: Impact on Urinary and Sexual Quality of Life Outcomes. Urology, 2018. 116: 180.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29625136
1193.Fuller, T.W., et al. Surgical Management of Adult Acquired Buried Penis: Escutcheonectomy, Scrotectomy, and Penile Split-thickness Skin Graft. Urology, 2017. 108: 237.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28779991
1194.Voznesensky, M.A., et al. Patient-Reported Social, Psychological, and Urologic Outcomes After Adult Buried Penis Repair. Urology, 2017. 103: 240.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28132851
1195.Ghanem, H., et al. Infrapubic Liposuction for Penile Length Augmentation in Patients with Infrapubic Adiposities. Aesthetic Plast Surg, 2017. 41: 441.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28155063
1196.Westerman, M.E., et al. Ventral Slit Scrotal Flap: A New Outpatient Surgical Option for Reconstruction of Adult Buried Penis Syndrome. Urology, 2015. 85: 1501.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25872692
1197.Rybak, J., et al. Single center outcomes after reconstructive surgical correction of adult acquired buried penis: measurements of erectile function, depression, and quality of life. J Sex Med, 2014. 11: 1086.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24612430
1198.Shaeer, O., et al. Revealing the buried penis in adults. J Sex Med, 2009. 6: 876.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19170865
1199.Husmann, D.A. The androgen insensitive micropenis: long-term follow-up into adulthood. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab, 2004. 17: 1037.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15379413
1200.Stuhldreher, P.P., et al. Exstrophy-Epispadias Complex. Current Bladder Dysfunction Reports, 2015. 10: 227.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11884-015-0306-7
1201.Ebert, A.K., et al. The exstrophy-epispadias complex. Orphanet J Rare Dis, 2009. 4: 23.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19878548
1202.Ebert, A.K., et al. Association Between Exstrophy-epispadias Complex And Congenital Anomalies: A German Multicenter Study. Urology, 2019. 123: 210.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30076940
1203.Agopian, A.J., et al. Epidemiologic features of male genital malformations and subtypes in Texas. Am J Med Genet A, 2014. 164A: 943.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24458943
1204.Han, J.H., et al. Fate of the micropenis and constitutional small penis: do they grow to normalcy in puberty? J Pediatr Urol, 2019. 15: 526 e1.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31447312
1205.Boas, M., et al. Postnatal penile length and growth rate correlate to serum testosterone levels: a longitudinal study of 1962 normal boys. Eur J Endocrinol, 2006. 154: 125.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16382001
1206.Maruf, M., et al. Variant Presentations of the Exstrophy-Epispadias Complex: A 40-Year Experience. Urology, 2019. 125: 184.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30576745
1207.Meyer, K.F., et al. The exstrophy-epispadias complex: is aesthetic appearance important? BJU Int, 2004. 93: 1062.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15142165
1208.Stewart, D., et al. Pediatric surgical complications of major genitourinary reconstruction in the exstrophy-epispadias complex. J Pediatr Surg, 2015. 50: 167.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25598117
1209.Sujijantararat, P., et al. Surgical reconstruction of exstrophy-epispadias complex: analysis of 13 patients. Int J Urol, 2002. 9: 377.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12165019
1210.Ebert, A., et al. Psychosocial and psychosexual development in childhood and adolescence within the exstrophy-epispadias complex. J Urol, 2005. 174: 1094.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16094067
1211.Wittmeyer, V., et al. Quality of life in adults with bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex. J Urol, 2010. 184: 2389.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20952009
1212.Zhu, X., et al. Urological, Sexual, and Quality of Life Evaluation of Adult Patients With Exstrophy-Epispadias Complex: Long-term Results From a Dutch Cohort. Urology, 2020. 136: 272.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31697953
1213.Sinatti, C., et al. Long-term sexual outcomes in patients with exstrophy-epispadias complex. Int J Impot Res, 2021. 33: 164.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32161399
1214.Ebert, A.K., et al. Genital and reproductive function in males after functional reconstruction of the exstrophy-epispadias complex--long-term results. Urology, 2008. 72: 566.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18585763
1215.Vasconcelos, J.S., et al. The natural history of penile length after radical prostatectomy: a long-term prospective study. Urology, 2012. 80: 1293.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23102441
1216.Chung, E. Penile Reconstructive Surgery in Peyronie Disease: Challenges in Restoring Normal Penis Size, Shape, and Function. World J Mens Health, 2020. 38: 1.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29623703
1217.Ahmed, A., et al. Aetiology and management of injuries to male external genitalia in Nigeria. Injury, 2008. 39: 128.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17572420
1218.Appiah, K.A., et al. Circumcision-related tragedies seen in children at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana. BMC Urol, 2016. 16: 65.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27825332
1219.Hoare, D.T., et al. Prospective Assessment of Patient-perceived Short-term Changes in Penile Appearance After Urethroplasty. Urology, 2021. 158: 222.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34461146
1220.Maciejewski, C.C., et al. Chordee and Penile Shortening Rather Than Voiding Function Are Associated With Patient Dissatisfaction After Urethroplasty. Urology, 2017. 103: 234.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28065809
1221.Moriya, K., et al. Factors affecting post-pubertal penile size in patients with hypospadias. World J Urol, 2016. 34: 1317.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26792579
1222.Wilson, S.K., et al. "Make it as long as you can, Doc." Concomitant surgical treatments with penile implant to enhance penile size. Int J Impot Res, 2021. 33: 587.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32424302
1223.Kamel, I., et al. Comparing penile measurements in normal and erectile dysfunction subjects. J Sex Med, 2009. 6: 2305.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19453888
1224.Ziegelmann, M., et al. Conservatively Managed Peyronie's Disease-Long-term Survey Results From Patients Undergoing Nonsurgical and Noninjection Therapies. Urology, 2018. 113: 99.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29174623
1225.Carlsson, S., et al. Self-perceived penile shortening after radical prostatectomy. Int J Impot Res, 2012. 24: 179.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22573233
1226.Haliloglu, A., et al. Penile length changes in men treated with androgen suppression plus radiation therapy for local or locally advanced prostate cancer. J Urol, 2007. 177: 128.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17162022
1227.Gontero, P., et al. New insights into the pathogenesis of penile shortening after radical prostatectomy and the role of postoperative sexual function. J Urol, 2007. 178: 602.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17570431
1228.Burnett, A.L. Does androgen suppression plus radiation therapy lead to changes in penile length in prostate cancer patients? Nat Clin Pract Urol, 2007. 4: 530.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17712321
1229.Park, K.K., et al. The effects of long-term androgen deprivation therapy on penile length in patients with prostate cancer: a single-center, prospective, open-label, observational study. J Sex Med, 2011. 8: 3214.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21699669
1230.McCullough, A. Penile change following radical prostatectomy: size, smooth muscle atrophy, and curve. Curr Urol Rep, 2008. 9: 492.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18947515
1231.Diaz, K.A., et al. Patient-Reported Outcomes in Penile Cancer Patients: Quality of Life, Sexual and Urinary Function. What do we Know? Urology, 2022. 169: 1.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36037936
1232.American Psychiatric, A., Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 2013, Arlington, VA: Au.
1233.Veale, D., et al. Penile Dysmorphic Disorder: Development of a Screening Scale. Arch Sex Behav, 2015. 44: 2311.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25731908
1234.Aslan, T.B., et al. Etiological evaluation of patients presenting with isolated micropenis to an academic health care center. Indian J Pediatr, 2014. 81: 775.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24005879
1235.Wylie, K.R., et al. Penile size and the 'small penis syndrome'. BJU Int, 2007. 99: 1449.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17355371
1236.Veale, D., et al. Body dysmorphic disorder in different settings: A systematic review and estimated weighted prevalence. Body Image, 2016. 18: 168.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27498379
1237.Salonia, A., et al. European Association of Urology Guidelines on Sexual and Reproductive Health-2021 Update: Male Sexual Dysfunction. Eur Urol, 2021. 80: 333.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34183196
1238.Santos-Iglesias, P., et al. Preliminary validation of the Sexual Distress Scale-Short Form: Applications to Women, Men, and Prostate Cancer Survivors. J Sex Marital Ther, 2020. 46: 542.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32393102
1239.Lawrance, K.A., et al. Sexual satisfaction in long‐term heterosexual relationships: The interpersonal exchange model of sexual satisfaction. Personal Relationships, 2005. 2: 267.
https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1997-43643-001
1240.Janssen, E., et al. The Sexual Inhibition (SIS) and Sexual Excitation (SES) Scales: I. Measuring sexual inhibition and excitation proneness in men. J Sex Res, 2002. 39: 114.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12476243
1241.Nobre, P., et al. Sexual Dysfunctional Beliefs Questionnaire: An instrument to assess sexual dysfunctional beliefs as vulnerability factors to sexual problems. Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 2003. 18: 171.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1468199031000061281
1242.Blecher, G.A., et al. Penile dimensions: What are surgeons measuring? Int J Impot Res, 2019. 31: 444.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30932028
1243.Joumblat, N.R., et al. Guidelines for the Standardization of Genital Photography. Aesthet Surg J, 2018. 38: 1124.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29420725
1244.Sengezer, M., et al. Accurate method for determining functional penile length in Turkish young men. Ann Plast Surg, 2002. 48: 381.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12068220
1245.Phillips, K.A., et al. Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in body dysmorphic disorder. J Clin Psychiatry, 2005. 66: 717.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15960564
1246.Phillips, K.A., The Broken Mirror: Understanding and Treating Body Dysmorphic Disorder. 2005, New York, NY.
1247.Herbenick, D., et al. The development and validation of the Male Genital Self-Image Scale: results from a nationally representative probability sample of men in the United States. J Sex Med, 2013. 10: 1516.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23551571
1248.Davis, S.N., et al. The index of male genital image: a new scale to assess male genital satisfaction. J Urol, 2013. 190: 1335.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23583534
1249.Veale, D., et al. Beliefs about penis size: validation of a scale for men ashamed about their penis size. J Sex Med, 2014. 11: 84.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24118940
1250.Spyropoulos, E., et al. Augmentation Phalloplasty Patient Selection and Satisfaction Inventory: a novel questionnaire to evaluate patients considered for augmentation phalloplasty surgery because of penile dysmorphophobia. Urology, 2007. 70: 221.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17826474
1251.Rosen, R.C., et al. Male Sexual Health Questionnaire (MSHQ): scale development and psychometric validation. Urology, 2004. 64: 777.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15491719
1252.Althof, S.E., et al. EDITS: development of questionnaires for evaluating satisfaction with treatments for erectile dysfunction. Urology, 1999. 53: 793.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10197859
1253.Junior, A.R., et al. The Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Management of High-Flow Priapism: An Essential Tool when Everything Else Fails. J Vasc Interv Radiol, 2022. 33: 470.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34968672
1254.Scardino, E., et al. Magnetic resonance imaging combined with artificial erection for local staging of penile cancer. Urology, 2004. 63: 1158.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15183971
1255.Kirkham, A. MRI of the penis. Br J Radiol, 2012. 85 Spec No 1: S86.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23118102
1256.Lindquist, C.M., et al. MRI of the penis. Abdom Radiol (NY), 2020. 45: 2001.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31701192
1257.Sharp, G., et al. Nonsurgical Medical Penile Girth Augmentation: A Retrospective Study of Psychological and Psychosexual Outcomes. Aesthet Surg J, 2019. 39: 306.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29741580
1258.Veale, D., et al. Relationship between self-discrepancy and worries about penis size in men with body dysmorphic disorder. Body Image, 2016. 17: 48.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26952016
1259.Veale, D., et al. Phenomenology of men with body dysmorphic disorder concerning penis size compared to men anxious about their penis size and to men without concerns: a cohort study. Body Image, 2015. 13: 53.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25675864
1260.Garcia Gomez, B., et al. Penile length augmentation surgical and non-surgical approaches for aesthetical purposes. Int J Impot Res, 2022. 34: 332.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34789856
1261.Gontero, P., et al. A pilot phase-II prospective study to test the 'efficacy' and tolerability of a penile-extender device in the treatment of 'short penis'. BJU Int, 2009. 103: 793.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18990153
1262.Nikoobakht, M., et al. Effect of penile-extender device in increasing penile size in men with shortened penis: preliminary results. J Sex Med, 2011. 8: 3188.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20102448
1263.Garcia-Gomez, B., et al. Treatment of peyronie's disease with combination of clostridium histolyticum collagenase and penile traction therapy: a prospective, multicenter, single-arm study. Int J Impot Res, 2021. 33: 325.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32366987
1264.Bole, R., et al. A modern review of penile traction monotherapy and combination therapy for the treatment of peyronie's disease. Int J Impot Res, 2021. 33: 251.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32152467
1265.Toussi, A., et al. Efficacy of a Novel Penile Traction Device in Improving Penile Length and Erectile Function Post Prostatectomy: Results from a Single-Center Randomized, Controlled Trial. J Urol, 2021. 206: 416.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34060339
1266.Nowroozi, M.R., et al. Applying extender devices in patients with penile dysmorphophobia: assessment of tolerability, efficacy, and impact on erectile function. J Sex Med, 2015. 12: 1242.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25809129
1267.Aghamir, M.K., et al. A vacuum device for penile elongation: fact or fiction? BJU Int, 2006. 97: 777.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16536772
1268.Antonini, G., et al. Postoperative vacuum therapy following AMS LGX 700(R) inflatable penile prosthesis placement: penile dimension outcomes and overall satisfaction. Int J Impot Res, 2020. 32: 133.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30745567
1269.Nason, G.J., et al. Efficacy of vacuum erectile devices (VEDs) after radical prostatectomy: the initial Irish experience of a dedicated VED clinic. Int J Impot Res, 2016. 28: 205.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27225711
1270.Raina, R., et al. Early use of vacuum constriction device following radical prostatectomy facilitates early sexual activity and potentially earlier return of erectile function. Int J Impot Res, 2006. 18: 77.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16107868
1271.Dalkin, B.L., et al. Preservation of penile length after radical prostatectomy: early intervention with a vacuum erection device. Int J Impot Res, 2007. 19: 501.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17657210
1272.Lehrfeld, T., et al. The role of vacuum erection devices in penile rehabilitation after radical prostatectomy. Int J Impot Res, 2009. 21: 158.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19225465
1273.Ben-Galim, E., et al. Topically applied testosterone and phallic growth. Its effects in male children with hypopituitarism and microphallus. Am J Dis Child, 1980. 134: 296.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7361738
1274.Hatipoglu, N., et al. Micropenis: etiology, diagnosis and treatment approaches. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol, 2013. 5: 217.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24379029
1275.Main, K.M., et al. Early postnatal treatment of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with recombinant human FSH and LH. Eur J Endocrinol, 2002. 146: 75.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11751071
1276.Bougneres, P., et al. Effects of an early postnatal treatment of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with a continuous subcutaneous infusion of recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2008. 93: 2202.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18381569
1277.Harris, T.G.W., et al. Pedicled Anterolateral Thigh and Radial Forearm Free Flap Phalloplasty for Penile Reconstruction in Patients With Bladder Exstrophy. J Urol, 2021. 205: 880.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33026935
1278.Falcone, M., et al. Total Phallic Reconstruction in the Genetic Male. Eur Urol, 2021. 79: 684.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32800729
1279.Li, C.Y., et al. Penile suspensory ligament division for penile augmentation: indications and results. Eur Urol, 2006. 49: 729.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16473458
1280.Littara, A., et al. Cosmetic penile enhancement surgery: a 3-year single-centre retrospective clinical evaluation of 355 cases. Sci Rep, 2019. 9: 6323.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31004096
1281.Xu, J.G., et al. Management of concealed penis with modified penoplasty. Urology, 2015. 85: 698.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25733292
1282.Shaeer, O.K. Shaeer's Technique: A Minimally Invasive Procedure for Monsplasty and Revealing the Concealed Penis. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open, 2016. 4: e1019.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27622092
1283.Lumen, N., et al. Phalloplasty: a valuable treatment for males with penile insufficiency. Urology, 2008. 71: 272.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18308099
1284.Perovic, S.V., et al. Total phalloplasty using a musculocutaneous latissimus dorsi flap. BJU Int, 2007. 100: 899.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17822468
1285.Garaffa, G., et al. Total phallic reconstruction using radial artery based forearm free flap phalloplasty in patients with epispadias-exstrophy complex. J Urol, 2014. 192: 814.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24704015
1286.Deveci, S., et al. Penile length alterations following penile prosthesis surgery. Eur Urol, 2007. 51: 1128.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17084508
1287.Negro, C.L., et al. Implantation of AMS 700 LGX penile prosthesis preserves penile length without the need for penile lengthening procedures. Asian J Androl, 2016. 18: 114.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26112480
1288.Wang, R., et al. Prospective and long-term evaluation of erect penile length obtained with inflatable penile prosthesis to that induced by intracavernosal injection. Asian J Androl, 2009. 11: 411.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19525974
1289.Osterberg, E.C., et al. Pharmacologically induced erect penile length and stretched penile length are both good predictors of post-inflatable prosthesis penile length. Int J Impot Res, 2014. 26: 128.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24430278
1290.Perovic, S.V., et al. Penile lengthening. BJU Int, 2000. 86: 1028.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11119096
1291.Falcone, M., et al. Total Phallic Reconstruction Using the Radial Artery Based Forearm Free Flap After Traumatic Penile Amputation. J Sex Med, 2016. 13: 1119.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27318022
1292.Egydio, P.H. An Innovative Strategy for Non-Grafting Penile Enlargement: A Novel Paradigm for Tunica Expansion Procedures. J Sex Med, 2020. 17: 2093.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32636162
1293.Zaccaro, C., et al. History and future perspectives of male aesthetic genital surgery. Int J Impot Res, 2022. 34: 327.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35538312
1294.Colombo, F., et al. Penile enlargement. Curr Opin Urol, 2008. 18: 583.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18832943
1295.Manfredi, C., et al. Penile girth enhancement procedures for aesthetic purposes. Int J Impot Res, 2022. 34: 337.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34257403
1296.Steenen, S.A., et al. Head-to-head comparison of 4 hyaluronic acid dermal fillers for lip augmentation: A multicenter randomized, quadruple-blind, controlled clinical trial. J Am Acad Dermatol, 2023. 88: 932.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36370906
1297.Huang, Y., et al. Application of Cross-Linked and Non-Cross-Linked Hyaluronic Acid Nano-Needles in Cosmetic Surgery. Int J Anal Chem, 2022. 2022: 4565260.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35651502
1298.Yang, D.Y., et al. A Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety Between Hyaluronic Acid and Polylactic Acid Filler Injection in Penile Augmentation: A Multicenter, Patient/Evaluator-Blinded, Randomized Trial. J Sex Med, 2019. 16: 577.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30833149
1299.Kwak, T.I., et al. The effects of penile girth enhancement using injectable hyaluronic acid gel, a filler. J Sex Med, 2011. 8: 3407.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20233296
1300.Yang, D.Y., et al. A Comparison Between Hyaluronic Acid and Polylactic Acid Filler Injections for Temporary Penile Augmentation in Patients with Small Penis Syndrome: A Multicenter, Patient/Evaluator-Blind, Comparative, Randomized Trial. J Sex Med, 2020. 17: 133.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31735613
1301.Yang, D.Y., et al. Comparison of Clinical Outcomes between Hyaluronic and Polylactic Acid Filler Injections for Penile Augmentation in Men Reporting a Small Penis: A Multicenter, Patient-Blinded/Evaluator-Blinded, Non-Inferiority, Randomized Comparative Trial with 18 Months of Follow-up. J Clin Med, 2020. 9.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32260508
1302.Zhang, C.L., et al. Penile augmentation with injectable hyaluronic acid gel: an alternative choice for small penis syndrome. Asian J Androl, 2022. 24: 601.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35417989
1303.Quan, Y., et al. Complications and management of penile augmentation with hyaluronic acid injection. Asian J Androl, 2021. 23: 392.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33533738
1304.Casavantes, L., et al. Penile Girth Enhancement With Polymethylmethacrylate-Based Soft Tissue Fillers. J Sex Med, 2016. 13: 1414.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27461963
1305.Kim, M.T., et al. Long-Term Safety and Longevity of a Mixture of Polymethyl Methacrylate and Cross-Linked Dextran (Lipen-10(R)) after Penile Augmentation: Extension Study from Six to 18 Months of Follow-Up. World J Mens Health, 2015. 33: 202.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26770941
1306.Yang, D.Y., et al. Efficacy and safety of a newly developed polylactic acid microsphere as an injectable bulking agent for penile augmentation: 18-months follow-up. Int J Impot Res, 2017. 29: 136.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28424498
1307.Dellis, A.E., et al. Paraffinoma, siliconoma and Co: Disastrous consequences of failed penile augmentation-A single-centre successful surgical management of a challenging entity. Andrologia, 2018. 50: e13109.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29993129
1308.Karakan, T., et al. Injection of Vaseline under Penis Skin for the Purpose of Penis Augmentation. Case Rep Urol, 2012. 2012: 510612.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23213616
1309.Dellis, A.E., et al. Minimal surgical management of penile paraffinoma after subcutaneous penile paraffin injection. Arab J Urol, 2017. 15: 387.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29234545
1310.Eandi, J.A., et al. Penile paraffinoma: the delayed presentation. Int Urol Nephrol, 2007. 39: 553.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17308876
1311.Fakin, R., et al. Reconstruction of Penile Shaft Defects Following Silicone Injection by Bipedicled Anterior Scrotal Flap. J Urol, 2017. 197: 1166.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27871930
1312.Muranyi, M., et al. A New Modified Bipedicle Scrotal Skin Flap Technique for the Reconstruction of Penile Skin in Patients with Paraffin-Induced Sclerosing Lipogranuloma of the Penis. J Urol, 2022. 208: 171.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35164523
1313.Sedigh, O., et al. Penile injection of aedile silicone: A dangerous shortcut. Urologia, 2022. 89: 456.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34399651
1314.Kang, D.H., et al. Efficacy and safety of penile girth enhancement by autologous fat injection for patients with thin penises. Aesthetic Plast Surg, 2012. 36: 813.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22527585
1315.Panfilov, D.E. Augmentative phalloplasty. Aesthetic Plast Surg, 2006. 30: 183.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16547638
1316.Mutluoglu, M., et al. Penile Girth Enlargement: do not try it at home. Int J Impot Res, 2022. 34: 108.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33846588
1317.Parodi, P.C., et al. Penis invalidating cicatricial outcomes in an enlargement phalloplasty case with polyacrylamide gel (Formacryl). Int J Impot Res, 2006. 18: 318.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16281044
1318.Salem, A.M., et al. Effect of Girth Supersizing on Patient Satisfaction After Semi-Rigid Penile Implant Insertion: A Prospective Case-Control Study. Aesthet Surg J, 2019. 39: NP259.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31220204
1319.Alei, G., et al. Original technique for penile girth augmentation through porcine dermal acellular grafts: results in a 69-patient series. J Sex Med, 2012. 9: 1945.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22568607
1320.Austoni, E., et al. A new technique for augmentation phalloplasty: albugineal surgery with bilateral saphenous grafts--three years of experience. Eur Urol, 2002. 42: 245.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12234509
1321.Mertziotis, N., et al. Is V-Y plasty necessary for penile lengthening? Girth enhancement and increased length solely through circumcision: description of a novel technique. Asian J Androl, 2013. 15: 819.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23792340
1322.Xu, L., et al. Augmentation Phalloplasty With Autologous Dermal Fat Graft in the Treatment of "Small Penis". Ann Plast Surg, 2016. 77 Suppl 1: S60.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27070685
1323.Elist, J.J., et al. A Single-Surgeon Retrospective and Preliminary Evaluation of the Safety and Effectiveness of the Penuma Silicone Sleeve Implant for Elective Cosmetic Correction of the Flaccid Penis. J Sex Med, 2018. 15: 1216.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30145095
1324.Zhang, G.X., et al. Autologous dermal graft combined with a modified degloving procedure for penile augmentation in young adults: a preliminary study. Andrology, 2016. 4: 927.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27115979
1325.Tealab, A.A., et al. The use of an acellular collagen matrix in penile augmentation: A pilot study in Saudi Arabia. Arab J Urol, 2013. 11: 169.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26558077
1326.Djordjevic, M.L., et al. Repeated penile girth enhancement with biodegradable scaffolds: Microscopic ultrastructural analysis and surgical benefits. Asian J Androl, 2018. 20: 488.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29862992
1327.Jin, Z., et al. Tissue engineering penoplasty with biodegradable scaffold Maxpol-T cografted autologous fibroblasts for small penis syndrome. J Androl, 2011. 32: 491.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21164145
1328.Perovic, S.V., et al. New perspectives of penile enhancement surgery: tissue engineering with biodegradable scaffolds. Eur Urol, 2006. 49: 139.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16310926
1329.Siegal, A.R., et al. Outcomes of a Single Center's Initial Experience With the Penuma(R) Penile Implant. Urology, 2023. 171: 236.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36198339
1330.Roos H, et al. Penile lengthening. Int J Aesth Restor Surg. , 1994. 2: 89.
1331.Gaither, T.W., et al. Characterization of Genital Dissatisfaction in a National Sample of U.S. Men. Arch Sex Behav, 2017. 46: 2123.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27623623
1332.Veale, D., et al. Sexual Functioning and Behavior of Men with Body Dysmorphic Disorder Concerning Penis Size Compared with Men Anxious about Penis Size and with Controls: A Cohort Study. Sex Med, 2015. 3: 147.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26468378
1333.Milenkovic, U., et al. Surgical and minimally invasive treatment of ischaemic and non-ischaemic priapism: a systematic review by the EAU Sexual and Reproductive Health Guidelines panel. Int J Impot Res, 2022.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36151318
1334.Capogrosso, P., et al. Conservative and medical treatments of non-sickle cell disease-related ischemic priapism: a systematic review by the EAU Sexual and Reproductive Health Panel. Int J Impot Res, 2022.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35995858
1335.Gul, M., et al. What is the effectiveness of surgical and non-surgical therapies in the treatment of ischemic priapism in patients with sickle cell disease? A systematic review by the EAU Sexual and Reproductive Health Guidelines Panel. Int J Impot Res, 2022.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35941221
1336.Broderick, G.A., et al. Priapism: pathogenesis, epidemiology, and management. J Sex Med, 2010. 7: 476.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20092449
1337.Berger, R., et al. Report of the American Foundation for Urologic Disease (AFUD) Thought Leader Panel for evaluation and treatment of priapism. Int J Impot Res, 2001. 13 Suppl 5: S39.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11781746
1338.Muneer, A., et al. Investigation of cavernosal smooth muscle dysfunction in low flow priapism using an in vitro model. Int J Impot Res, 2005. 17: 10.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15071490
1339.Vreugdenhil, S., et al. Ischemic priapism as a model of exhausted metabolism. Physiol Rep, 2019. 7: e13999.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30916476
1340.El-Bahnasawy, M.S., et al. Low-flow priapism: risk factors for erectile dysfunction. BJU Int, 2002. 89: 285.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11856112
1341.Spycher, M.A., et al. The ultrastructure of the erectile tissue in priapism. J Urol, 1986. 135: 142.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3941454
1342.Zacharakis, E., et al. Penile prosthesis insertion in patients with refractory ischaemic priapism: early vs delayed implantation. BJU Int, 2014. 114: 576.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25383397
1343.Pohl, J., et al. Priapism: a three-phase concept of management according to aetiology and prognosis. Br J Urol, 1986. 58: 113.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3516294
1344.Coombs, P.G., et al. A review of outcomes of an intracavernosal injection therapy programme. BJU Int, 2012. 110: 1787.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22564343
1345.Junemann, K.P., et al. Pathophysiology of erectile dysfunction. Semin Urol, 1990. 8: 80.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2191403
1346.Porst, H. The rationale for prostaglandin E1 in erectile failure: a survey of worldwide experience. J Urol, 1996. 155: 802.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8583582
1347.Kilic, M., et al. The actual incidence of papaverine-induced priapism in patients with erectile dysfunction following penile colour Doppler ultrasonography. Andrologia, 2010. 42: 1.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20078509
1348.Nelson, J.H., 3rd, et al. Priapism: evolution of management in 48 patients in a 22-year series. J Urol, 1977. 117: 455.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15137
1349.Rezaee, M.E., et al. Are We Overstating the Risk of Priapism With Oral Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors? J Sex Med, 2020. 17: 1579.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32622767
1350.Schifano, N., et al. Medications mostly associated with priapism events: assessment of the 2015-2020 Food and Drug Administration (FDA) pharmacovigilance database entries. Int J Impot Res, 2022.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35597798
1351.Bivalacqua, T.J., et al. New insights into the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease-associated priapism. J Sex Med, 2012. 9: 79.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21554553
1352.Lagoda, G., et al. Molecular analysis of erection regulatory factors in sickle cell disease associated priapism in the human penis. J Urol, 2013. 189: 762.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22982429
1353.Musicki, B., et al. Mechanisms underlying priapism in sickle cell disease: targeting and key innovations on the preclinical landscape. Expert Opin Ther Targets, 2020. 24: 439.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32191546
1354.Morrison, B.F., et al. Is testosterone deficiency a possible risk factor for priapism associated with sickle-cell disease? Int Urol Nephrol, 2015. 47: 47.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25371242
1355.Alwaal, A., et al. Future prospects in the treatment of erectile dysfunction: focus on avanafil. Drug Des Devel Ther, 2011. 5: 435.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22087063
1356.James Johnson, M., et al. Which patients with ischaemic priapism require further investigation for malignancy? Int J Impot Res, 2020. 32: 195.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30996267
1357.Kropman, R.F., et al. Hematoma or "partial priapism" in the proximal part of the corpus cavernosum. J Sex Med, 2014. 11: 2618.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24308665
1358.Weyne, E., et al. Idiopathic Partial Thrombosis (IPT) of the Corpus Cavernosum: A Hypothesis-Generating Case Series and Review of the Literature. J Sex Med, 2015. 12: 2118.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26553854
1359.Burnett, A.L., et al. Priapism: new concepts in medical and surgical management. Urol Clin North Am, 2011. 38: 185.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21621085
1360.Broderick, G.A. Priapism and sickle-cell anemia: diagnosis and nonsurgical therapy. J Sex Med, 2012. 9: 88.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21699659
1361.Emond, A.M., et al. Priapism and impotence in homozygous sickle cell disease. Arch Intern Med, 1980. 140: 1434.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6159833
1362.Bertolotto, M., et al. Color Doppler imaging of posttraumatic priapism before and after selective embolization. Radiographics, 2003. 23: 495.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12640162
1363.Bertolotto, M., et al. Color Doppler appearance of penile cavernosal-spongiosal communications in patients with high-flow priapism. Acta Radiol, 2008. 49: 710.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18568565
1364.Hakim, L.S., et al. Evolving concepts in the diagnosis and treatment of arterial high flow priapism. J Urol, 1996. 155: 541.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8558656
1365.von Stempel, C., et al. Mean velocity and peak systolic velocity can help determine ischaemic and non-ischaemic priapism. Clin Radiol, 2017. 72: 611 e9.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28351471
1366.Ralph, D.J., et al. The use of high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging in the management of patients presenting with priapism. BJU Int, 2010. 106: 1714.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20438564
1367.Bansal, A.R., et al. Cold saline enema in priapism--a useful tool for underprivileged. Trop Doct, 2004. 34: 227.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15510950
1368.Ateyah, A., et al. Intracavernosal irrigation by cold saline as a simple method of treating iatrogenic prolonged erection. J Sex Med, 2005. 2: 248.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16422893
1369.Burnett, A.L., et al. Standard operating procedures for priapism. J Sex Med, 2013. 10: 180.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22462660
1370.Montague, D.K., et al. American Urological Association guideline on the management of priapism. J Urol, 2003. 170: 1318.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14501756
1371.Bodner, D.R., et al. The application of intracavernous injection of vasoactive medications for erection in men with spinal cord injury. J Urol, 1987. 138: 310.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3599245
1372.Davila, H.H., et al. Subarachnoid hemorrhage as complication of phenylephrine injection for the treatment of ischemic priapism in a sickle cell disease patient. J Sex Med, 2008. 5: 1025.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18194188
1373.Mantadakis, E., et al. Outpatient penile aspiration and epinephrine irrigation for young patients with sickle cell anemia and prolonged priapism. Blood, 2000. 95: 78.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10607688
1374.Miller, S.F., et al. Posttraumatic arterial priapism in children: management with embolization. Radiology, 1995. 196: 59.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7784590
1375.Wen, C.C., et al. Management of ischemic priapism with high-dose intracavernosal phenylephrine: from bench to bedside. J Sex Med, 2006. 3: 918.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16942536
1376.Muneer, A., et al. Investigating the effects of high-dose phenylephrine in the management of prolonged ischaemic priapism. J Sex Med, 2008. 5: 2152.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18466270
1377.Muruve, N., et al. Intracorporeal phenylephrine in the treatment of priapism. J Urol, 1996. 155: 141.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7490814
1378.Roberts, J.R., et al. Intracavernous epinephrine: a minimally invasive treatment for priapism in the emergency department. J Emerg Med, 2009. 36: 285.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18996674
1379.Keskin, D., et al. Intracavernosal adrenalin injection in priapism. Int J Impot Res, 2000. 12: 312.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11416834
1380.Roberts, J., et al. Adrenergic crisis after penile epinephrine injection for priapism. J Emerg Med, 2009. 36: 309.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18353597
1381.Palagiri, R.D.R., et al. A Case Report of Hypertensive Emergency and Intracranial Hemorrhage Due to Intracavernosal Phenylephrine. Hosp Pharm, 2019. 54: 186.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31205330
1382.Fenwick, M.J., et al. Anaphylaxis and monoamine oxidase inhibitors--the use of adrenaline. J Accid Emerg Med, 2000. 17: 143.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10718244
1383.Dittrich, A., et al. Treatment of pharmacological priapism with phenylephrine. J Urol, 1991. 146: 323.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1856926
1384.Saffon Cuartas, J.P., et al. Treatment of Priapism Secondary to Drugs for Erectile Dysfunction. Adv Urol, 2019. 2019: 6214921.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31534452
1385.Serrate, R.G., et al. The usefulness of ethylephrine (Efortil-R) in the treatment of priapism and intraoperative penile erections. Int Urol Nephrol, 1992. 24: 389.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1281144
1386.Hubler, J., et al. Methylene blue as a means of treatment for priapism caused by intracavernous injection to combat erectile dysfunction. Int Urol Nephrol, 2003. 35: 519.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15198160
1387.Martinez Portillo, F., et al. Methylene blue as a successful treatment alternative for pharmacologically induced priapism. Eur Urol, 2001. 39: 20.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11173934
1388.van Driel, M.F., et al. Treatment of priapism by injection of adrenaline into the corpora cavernosa penis. Scand J Urol Nephrol, 1991. 25: 251.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1780699
1389.Gupta, A., et al. Successful use of terbutaline in persistent priapism in a 12-year-old boy with chronic myeloid leukemia. Pediatr Hematol Oncol, 2009. 26: 70.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19206011
1390.Lowe, F.C., et al. Placebo-controlled study of oral terbutaline and pseudoephedrine in management of prostaglandin E1-induced prolonged erections. Urology, 1993. 42: 51.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8392235
1391.Priyadarshi, S. Oral terbutaline in the management of pharmacologically induced prolonged erection. Int J Impot Res, 2004. 16: 424.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14999218
1392.Govier, F.E., et al. Oral terbutaline for the treatment of priapism. J Urol, 1994. 151: 878.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8126815
1393.Habous, M., et al. Noninvasive treatments for iatrogenic priapism: Do they really work? A prospective multicenter study. Urol Ann, 2016. 8: 193.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27141191
1394.Bartolucci, P., et al. Clinical management of adult sickle-cell disease. Curr Opin Hematol, 2012. 19: 149.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22357165
1395.Levey, H.R., et al. Medical management of ischemic stuttering priapism: a contemporary review of the literature. Asian J Androl, 2012. 14: 156.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22057380
1396.Rogers, Z.R. Priapism in sickle cell disease. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am, 2005. 19: 917.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16214652
1397.Morrison, B.F., et al. Priapism in hematological and coagulative disorders: an update. Nat Rev Urol, 2011. 8: 223.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21403660
1398.Ballas, S.K., et al. Safety and efficacy of blood exchange transfusion for priapism complicating sickle cell disease. J Clin Apher, 2016. 31: 5.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25809639
1399.Marouf, R. Blood transfusion in sickle cell disease. Hemoglobin, 2011. 35: 495.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21981466
1400.Merritt, A.L., et al. Myth: blood transfusion is effective for sickle cell anemia-associated priapism. CJEM, 2006. 8: 119.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17175874
1401.Howard, J., et al. The Transfusion Alternatives Preoperatively in Sickle Cell Disease (TAPS) study: a randomised, controlled, multicentre clinical trial. Lancet, 2013. 381: 930.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23352054
1402.Johnson, M.J., et al. The surgical management of ischaemic priapism. Int J Impot Res, 2020. 32: 81.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31570823
1403.Burnett, A.L. Surgical management of ischemic priapism. J Sex Med, 2012. 9: 114.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22221308
1404.Bennett, N., et al. Sickle cell disease status and outcomes of African-American men presenting with priapism. J Sex Med, 2008. 5: 1244.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18312286
1405.Nixon, R.G., et al. Efficacy of shunt surgery for refractory low flow priapism: a report on the incidence of failed detumescence and erectile dysfunction. J Urol, 2003. 170: 883.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12913722
1406.Lue, T.F., et al. Distal cavernosum-glans shunts for ischemic priapism. J Sex Med, 2006. 3: 749.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16839333
1407.Ortac, M., et al. Anatomic and Functional Outcome Following Distal Shunt and Tunneling for Treatment Ischemic Priapism: A Single-Center Experience. J Sex Med, 2019. 16: 1290.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31230939
1408.Yucel, O.B., et al. Penile Prosthesis Implantation in Priapism. Sex Med Rev, 2018. 6: 310.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28916463
1409.Zacharakis, E., et al. The efficacy of the T-shunt procedure and intracavernous tunneling (snake maneuver) for refractory ischemic priapism. J Urol, 2014. 191: 164.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23892191
1410.Ramstein, J.J., et al. Clinical Outcomes of Periprocedural Antithrombotic Therapy in Ischemic Priapism Management. J Sex Med, 2020. 17: 2260.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32800740
1411.Winter, C.C. Cure of idiopathic priapism: new procedure for creating fistula between glans penis and corpora cavernosa. Urology, 1976. 8: 389.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/973296
1412.Macaluso, J.N., Jr., et al. Priapism: review of 34 cases. Urology, 1985. 26: 233.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4035837
1413.Ebbehoj, J. A new operation for priapism. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg, 1974. 8: 241.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4458048
1414.Lund, K., et al. Results of glando-cavernous anastomosis in 18 cases of priapism. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg, 1980. 14: 269.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7209413
1415.Brant, W.O., et al. T-shaped shunt and intracavernous tunneling for prolonged ischemic priapism. J Urol, 2009. 181: 1699.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19233430
1416.Ercole, C.J., et al. Changing surgical concepts in the treatment of priapism. J Urol, 1981. 125: 210.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7206057
1417.Hanafy, H.M., et al. Ancient Egyptian medicine: contribution to urology. Urology, 1974. 4: 114.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21323001
1418.Juskiewenski, S., et al. A study of the arterial blood supply to the penis. Anatomia Clinica, 1982. 4: 101.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01800618
1419.Burnett, A.L., et al. Corporal "snake" maneuver: corporoglanular shunt surgical modification for ischemic priapism. J Sex Med, 2009. 6: 1171.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19207268
1420.Segal, R.L., et al. Corporal Burnett "Snake" surgical maneuver for the treatment of ischemic priapism: long-term followup. J Urol, 2013. 189: 1025.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23017524
1421.Quackels, R. [Treatment of a Case of Priapism by Cavernospongious Anastomosis]. Acta Urol Belg, 1964. 32: 5.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14111379
1422.Baumgarten, A.S., et al. Favourable multi-institutional experience with penoscrotal decompression for prolonged ischaemic priapism. BJU Int, 2020. 126: 441.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32501654
1423.Grayhack, J.T., et al. Venous Bypass to Control Priapism. Invest Urol, 1964. 1: 509.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14130594
1424.Kandel, G.L., et al. Pulmonary embolism: a complication of corpus-saphenous shunt for priapism. J Urol, 1968. 99: 196.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5641077
1425.Kihl, B., et al. Priapsim: evaluation of treatment with special reference to saphenocavernous shunting in 26 patients. Scand J Urol Nephrol, 1980. 14: 1.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7375831
1426.Ralph, D.J., et al. The immediate insertion of a penile prosthesis for acute ischaemic priapism. Eur Urol, 2009. 56: 1033.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18930579
1427.Salem, E.A., et al. Management of ischemic priapism by penile prosthesis insertion: prevention of distal erosion. J Urol, 2010. 183: 2300.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20400140
1428.Sedigh, O., et al. Early insertion of inflatable prosthesis for intractable ischemic priapism: our experience and review of the literature. Int J Impot Res, 2011. 23: 158.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21654814
1429.Upadhyay, J., et al. Penile implant for intractable priapism associated with sickle cell disease. Urology, 1998. 51: 638.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9586621
1430.Zacharakis, E., et al. Early insertion of a malleable penile prosthesis in ischaemic priapism allows later upsizing of the cylinders. Scand J Urol, 2015. 49: 468.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26116193
1431.Bella, A., et al. 1859 3-Piece Inflatable Penile Prosthesis Insertion Post T-Shunt for Priapism with Dilation/Corporal Snake Maneuver and Comparison to Post Al-Ghorab Shunt Ipp Outcomes. Journal of Urology, 2012. 187: e751.
https://www.auajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1016/j.juro.2012.02.1971
1432.Tsambarlis, P.N., et al. Successful Placement of Penile Prostheses in Men With Severe Corporal Fibrosis Following Vacuum Therapy Protocol. J Sex Med, 2017. 14: 44.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27938991
1433.Burnett, A.L., et al. Evaluation of erectile function in men with sickle cell disease. Urology, 1995. 45: 657.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7716848
1434.Datta, N.S. Megalophallus in sickle cell disease. J Urol, 1977. 117: 672.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/859210
1435.Broderick, G.A., et al. Pharmacologic erection: time-dependent changes in the corporal environment. Int J Impot Res, 1994. 6: 9.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8019618
1436.Monga, M., et al. Priapism in sickle cell disease: the case for early implantation of the penile prosthesis. Eur Urol, 1996. 30: 54.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8854068
1437.Morrison, B.F., et al. Stuttering priapism: insights into pathogenesis and management. Curr Urol Rep, 2012. 13: 268.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22648304
1438.Adeyoju, A.B., et al. Priapism in sickle-cell disease; incidence, risk factors and complications - an international multicentre study. BJU Int, 2002. 90: 898.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12460353
1439.Virag, R., et al. Preventive treatment of priapism in sickle cell disease with oral and self-administered intracavernous injection of etilefrine. Urology, 1996. 47: 777.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8650886
1440.Fowler, J.E., Jr., et al. Priapism associated with the sickle cell hemoglobinopathies: prevalence, natural history and sequelae. J Urol, 1991. 145: 65.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1984102
1441.Mantadakis, E., et al. Prevalence of priapism in children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol, 1999. 21: 518.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10598664
1442.Roizenblatt, M., et al. Priapism is associated with sleep hypoxemia in sickle cell disease. J Urol, 2012. 188: 1245.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22902014
1443.Champion, H.C., et al. Phosphodiesterase-5A dysregulation in penile erectile tissue is a mechanism of priapism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2005. 102: 1661.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15668387
1444.Bivalacqua, T.J., et al. Attenuated RhoA/Rho-kinase signaling in penis of transgenic sickle cell mice. Urology, 2010. 76: 510 e7.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20538321
1445.Phatarpekar, P.V., et al. Role of adenosine signaling in penile erection and erectile disorders. J Sex Med, 2010. 7: 3553.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19889148
1446.Traish, A.M., et al. Are androgens critical for penile erections in humans? Examining the clinical and preclinical evidence. J Sex Med, 2006. 3: 382.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16681465
1447.Liguori, G., et al. The management of stuttering priapism. Minerva Urol Nefrol, 2020. 72: 173.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30957473
1448.Mocniak, M., et al. The use of sudafed for priapism in pediatric patients with sickle cell disease. J Pediatr Nurs, 2012. 27: 82.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22041221
1449.Gbadoe, A.D., et al. Management of sickle cell priapism with etilefrine. Arch Dis Child, 2001. 85: 52.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11420201
1450.Okpala, I., et al. Etilefrine for the prevention of priapism in adult sickle cell disease. Br J Haematol, 2002. 118: 918.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12181066
1451.Olujohungbe, A.B., et al. A prospective diary study of stuttering priapism in adolescents and young men with sickle cell anemia: report of an international randomized control trial--the priapism in sickle cell study. J Androl, 2011. 32: 375.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21127308
1452.Yuan, J., et al. Insights of priapism mechanism and rationale treatment for recurrent priapism. Asian J Androl, 2008. 10: 88.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18087648
1453.Levine, L.A., et al. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues in the treatment of sickle cell anemia-associated priapism. J Urol, 1993. 150: 475.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8326584
1454.Alshahrani, A. Using cyproterone acetate to treat recurrent ischemic priapism in a patient with sickle cell anemia as a comorbidity: a case report. J Med Case Rep, 2020. 14: 197.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33081822
1455.Rachid-Filho, D., et al. Treatment of recurrent priapism in sickle cell anemia with finasteride: a new approach. Urology, 2009. 74: 1054.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19616292
1456.Baker, R.C., et al. Dutasteride in the long-term management of stuttering priapism. Transl Androl Urol, 2020. 9: 87.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32055472
1457.DeCastro, B.J., et al. Oral ketoconazole for prevention of postoperative penile erection: a placebo controlled, randomized, double-blind trial. J Urol, 2008. 179: 1930.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18353393
1458.Gupta, S., et al. A possible mechanism for alteration of human erectile function by digoxin: inhibition of corpus cavernosum sodium/potassium adenosine triphosphatase activity. J Urol, 1998. 159: 1529.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9554348
1459.Daoud, A.S., et al. The effect of Vigabatrin, Lamotrigine and Gabapentin on the fertility, weights, sex hormones and biochemical profiles of male rats. Neuro Endocrinol Lett, 2004. 25: 178.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15349082
1460.Perimenis, P., et al. Gabapentin in the management of the recurrent, refractory, idiopathic priapism. Int J Impot Res, 2004. 16: 84.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14963477
1461.D'Aleo, G., et al. Favorable response to intrathecal, but not oral, baclofen of priapism in a patient with spinal cord injury. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2009. 34: E127.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19179913
1462.Moreira, D.M., et al. Recurrent priapism in the young patient treated with baclofen. J Pediatr Urol, 2006. 2: 590.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18947688
1463.Vaidyanathan, S., et al. Management of recurrent priapism in a cervical spinal cord injury patient with oral baclofen therapy. Spinal Cord, 2004. 42: 134.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14765150
1464.Kato, G.J. Priapism in sickle-cell disease: a hematologist's perspective. J Sex Med, 2012. 9: 70.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21554552
1465.Meier, E.R., et al. Sickle cell disease in children. Drugs, 2012. 72: 895.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22519940
1466.Saad, S.T., et al. Follow-up of sickle cell disease patients with priapism treated by hydroxyurea. Am J Hematol, 2004. 77: 45.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15307105
1467.Bivalacqua, T.J., et al. Establishment of a transgenic sickle-cell mouse model to study the pathophysiology of priapism. J Sex Med, 2009. 6: 2494.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19523035
1468.Burnett, A.L., et al. Long-term oral phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor therapy alleviates recurrent priapism. Urology, 2006. 67: 1043.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16698365
1469.Burnett, A.L., et al. Feasibility of the use of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors in a pharmacologic prevention program for recurrent priapism. J Sex Med, 2006. 3: 1077.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17100941
1470.Pierorazio, P.M., et al. Daily phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor therapy as rescue for recurrent ischemic priapism after failed androgen ablation. J Androl, 2011. 32: 371.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21127306
1471.Hou, L.T., et al. Regimented Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitor Use Reduces Emergency Department Visits for Recurrent Ischemic Priapism. J Urol, 2021. 205: 545.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32915079
1472.Rutchik, S., et al. Successful treatment of recalcitrant priapism using intercorporeal injection of tissue plasminogen activator. J Urol, 2001. 166: 628.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11458096
1473.Welliver, R.C., Jr., et al. Autoinflation leading to failure of two-piece ambicor implantable penile prosthesis: an outcome from a methodical treatment of recalcitrant stuttering priapism. Case Rep Urol, 2014. 2014: 529037.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24864222
1474.Anele, U.A., et al. How I treat priapism. Blood, 2015. 125: 3551.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25810489
1475.Burnett, A.L., et al. Priapism: current principles and practice. Urol Clin North Am, 2007. 34: 631.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17983902
1476.Jesus, L.E., et al. Priapism in children: review of pathophysiology and treatment. J Pediatr (Rio J), 2009. 85: 194.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19455267
1477.Donaldson, J.F., et al. Priapism in children: a comprehensive review and clinical guideline. J Pediatr Urol, 2014. 10: 11.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24135215
1478.Bastuba, M.D., et al. Arterial priapism: diagnosis, treatment and long-term followup. J Urol, 1994. 151: 1231.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8158765
1479.Hatzichristou, D., et al. Management strategy for arterial priapism: therapeutic dilemmas. J Urol, 2002. 168: 2074.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12394712
1480.Witt, M.A., et al. Traumatic laceration of intracavernosal arteries: the pathophysiology of nonischemic, high flow, arterial priapism. J Urol, 1990. 143: 129.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2294241
1481.Kuefer, R., et al. Changing diagnostic and therapeutic concepts in high-flow priapism. Int J Impot Res, 2005. 17: 109.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15229624
1482.Steers, W.D., et al. Use of methylene blue and selective embolization of the pudendal artery for high flow priapism refractory to medical and surgical treatments. J Urol, 1991. 146: 1361.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1942293
1483.Ricciardi, R., Jr., et al. Delayed high flow priapism: pathophysiology and management. J Urol, 1993. 149: 119.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8417190
1484.Ingram, A.R., et al. An Update on Non-Ischemic Priapism. Sex Med Rev, 2020. 8: 140.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30987934
1485.Hudnall, M., et al. Advances in the understanding of priapism. Transl Androl Urol, 2017. 6: 199.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28540227
1486.Todd, N.V. Priapism in acute spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord, 2011. 49: 1033.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21647168
1487.Karagiannis, A.A., et al. High flow priapism secondary to internal urethrotomy treated with embolization. J Urol, 2004. 171: 1631.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15017242
1488.Liguori, G., et al. High-flow priapism (HFP) secondary to Nesbit operation: management by percutaneous embolization and colour Doppler-guided compression. Int J Impot Res, 2005. 17: 304.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15690066
1489.Tang, M., et al. Intracavernosal metaraminol bitartrate for treatment of priapism resulting from circumcision: a case report. Springerplus, 2016. 5: 436.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27104124
1490.Boscolo-Berto, R., et al. Determinism and liabilities in a complicated transrectal prostate biopsy: what is what. Urologia, 2011. 78: 176.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21786228
1491.Oshima, J., et al. [Nonischemic Priapism Following Brachytherapy : A Case Report and a Review]. Hinyokika Kiyo, 2016. 62: 605.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27919141
1492.Lutz, A., et al. Conversion of low-flow to high-flow priapism: a case report and review (CME). J Sex Med, 2012. 9: 951.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22462585
1493.McMahon, C.G. High flow priapism due to an arterial-lacunar fistula complicating initial veno-occlusive priapism. Int J Impot Res, 2002. 14: 195.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12058247
1494.Vagnoni, V., et al. High-flow priapism after T-shunt and tunneling in a patient with ischemic priapism. Turk J Urol, 2020. 46: 488.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32966205
1495.Ramos, C.E., et al. High flow priapism associated with sickle cell disease. J Urol, 1995. 153: 1619.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7714988
1496.Dubocq, F.M., et al. High flow malignant priapism with isolated metastasis to the corpora cavernosa. Urology, 1998. 51: 324.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9495721
1497.Inamoto, T., et al. A rare case of penile metastasis of testicular cancer presented with priapism. Hinyokika Kiyo, 2005. 51: 639.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16229380
1498.Bertolotto, M., et al. Sonography of the penis/erectile dysfunction. Abdom Radiol (NY), 2020. 45: 1973.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32285181
1499.Jung, D.C., et al. Penile Doppler ultrasonography revisited. Ultrasonography, 2018. 37: 16.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28736428
1500.Abdulsattar, O.A., et al. The Role of Color Doppler Ultrasound in Initial Evaluation of Patients with Priapism: A Cross Sectional Study. Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 2019. 10: 1102.
1501.Kang, B.C., et al. Post-traumatic arterial priapism: colour Doppler examination and superselective arterial embolization. Clin Radiol, 1998. 53: 830.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9833787
1502.Kolbenstvedt, A., et al. Arterial high flow priapism role of radiology in diagnosis and treatment. Scand J Urol Nephrol Suppl, 1996. 179: 143.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8908681
1503.Eracleous, E., et al. Use of Doppler ultrasound and 3-dimensional contrast-enhanced MR angiography in the diagnosis and follow-up of post-traumatic high-flow priapism in a child. Pediatr Radiol, 2000. 30: 265.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10789908
1504.Surgery, B.S.o.A.G., et al. BAUS consensus document for the management of male genital emergencies: priapism. BJU Int, 2018. 121: 835.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29357203
1505.Arango, O., et al. Complete resolution of post-traumatic high-flow priapism with conservative treatment. Int J Impot Res, 1999. 11: 115.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10356672
1506.Ilkay, A.K., et al. Conservative management of high-flow priapism. Urology, 1995. 46: 419.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7660524
1507.Mwamukonda, K.B., et al. Androgen blockade for the treatment of high-flow priapism. J Sex Med, 2010. 7: 2532.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20456623
1508.Cakan, M., et al. Is the combination of superselective transcatheter autologous clot embolization and duplex sonography-guided compression therapy useful treatment option for the patients with high-flow priapism? Int J Impot Res, 2006. 18: 141.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16079900
1509.Kim, K.R., et al. Treatment of high-flow priapism with superselective transcatheter embolization in 27 patients: a multicenter study. J Vasc Interv Radiol, 2007. 18: 1222.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17911511
1510.Numan, F., et al. Posttraumatic nonischemic priapism treated with autologous blood clot embolization. J Sex Med, 2008. 5: 173.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18173765
1511.Gorich, J., et al. Interventional treatment of traumatic priapism. J Endovasc Ther, 2002. 9: 614.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12431145
1512.Kerlan, R.K., Jr., et al. Superselective microcoil embolization in the management of high-flow priapism. J Vasc Interv Radiol, 1998. 9: 85.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9468400
1513.Liu, B.X., et al. High-flow priapism: superselective cavernous artery embolization with microcoils. Urology, 2008. 72: 571.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18619653
1514.Numan, F., et al. Posttraumatic high-flow priapism treated by N-butyl-cyanoacrylate embolization. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol, 1996. 19: 278.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8755084
1515.Sandock, D.S., et al. Perineal abscess after embolization for high-flow priapism. Urology, 1996. 48: 308.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8753749
1516.Shapiro, R.H., et al. Post-traumatic priapism treated with selective cavernosal artery ligation. Urology, 1997. 49: 638.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9111644
1517.De Rose, A.F., et al. Cycling Trauma as a Cause of Arterial Priapism in Children and Teenagers. Rev Urol, 2017. 19: 273.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29472833
1518.Hacker, H.W., et al. Nonischemic Priapism in Childhood: A Case Series and Review of Literature. Eur J Pediatr Surg, 2018. 28: 255.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28346955
1519.Corbetta, J.P., et al. High flow priapism: diagnosis and treatment in pediatric population. Pediatr Surg Int, 2011. 27: 1217.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21544645
1520.Nabinger, G.B., et al. Child non-ischemic priapism, a conservative approach: case report and updated review. J Pediatr Urol, 2013. 9: e99.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23287647
1521.Cantasdemir, M., et al. Posttraumatic high-flow priapism in children treated with autologous blood clot embolization: long-term results and review of the literature. Pediatr Radiol, 2011. 41: 627.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21127852
1522.WHO, WHO Manual for the Standardized Investigation and Diagnosis of the Infertile Couple. 2000, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.
1523.Agarwal, A., et al. Male Oxidative Stress Infertility (MOSI): Proposed Terminology and Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Idiopathic Male Infertility. World J Mens Health, 2019. 37: 296.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31081299
1524.Thoma, M.E., et al. Prevalence of infertility in the United States as estimated by the current duration approach and a traditional constructed approach. Fertil Steril, 2013. 99: 1324.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23290741
1525.Greenhall, E., et al. The prevalence of subfertility: a review of the current confusion and a report of two new studies. Fertil Steril, 1990. 54: 978.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2245856
1526.Brandt, J.S., et al. Advanced paternal age, infertility, and reproductive risks: A review of the literature. Prenat Diagn, 2019. 39: 81.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30520056
1527.Avellino, G., et al. Common urologic diseases in older men and their treatment: how they impact fertility. Fertil Steril, 2017. 107: 305.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28073432
1528.Jennings, M.O., et al. Management and counseling of the male with advanced paternal age. Fertil Steril, 2017. 107: 324.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28069174
1529.Ramasamy, R., et al. Male biological clock: a critical analysis of advanced paternal age. Fertil Steril, 2015. 103: 1402.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25881878
1530.Starosta, A., et al. Predictive factors for intrauterine insemination outcomes: a review. Fertil Res Pract, 2020. 6: 23.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33308319
1531.Van Opstal, J., et al. Male age interferes with embryo growth in IVF treatment. Hum Reprod, 2021. 36: 107.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33164068
1532.Vaughan, D.A., et al. DNA fragmentation of sperm: a radical examination of the contribution of oxidative stress and age in 16 945 semen samples. Hum Reprod, 2020. 35: 2188.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32976601
1533.du Fosse, N.A., et al. Advanced paternal age is associated with an increased risk of spontaneous miscarriage: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update, 2020. 26: 650.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32358607
1534.Wennberg, A.L., et al. Effect of maternal age on maternal and neonatal outcomes after assisted reproductive technology. Fertil Steril, 2016. 106: 1142.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27399261
1535.Sunderam, S., et al. Comparing fertilization rates from intracytoplasmic sperm injection to conventional in vitro fertilization among women of advanced age with non-male factor infertility: a meta-analysis. Fertil Steril, 2020. 113: 354.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32106989
1536.Guideline Group on Unexplained, I., et al. Evidence-based guideline: unexplained infertilitydagger. Hum Reprod, 2023. 38: 1881.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37599566
1537.American College of, O., et al. Female age-related fertility decline. Committee Opinion No. 589. Fertil Steril, 2014. 101: 633.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24559617
1538.Carson, S.A., et al. Diagnosis and Management of Infertility: A Review. JAMA, 2021. 326: 65.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34228062
1539.Andrology, In: Nieschlag E, Behre HM and Nieschlag S (eds). Male reproductive health and dysfunction, in Male reproductive health and dysfunction. 2010, Springer Verlag: Berlin.
1540.Boeri, L., et al. Normal sperm parameters per se do not reliably account for fertility: A case-control study in the real-life setting. Andrologia, 2021. 53: e13861.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33125742
1541.Campbell, M.J., et al. Distribution of semen examination results 2020 - A follow up of data collated for the WHO semen analysis manual 2010. Andrology, 2021. 9: 817.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33528873
1542.Fallara, G., et al. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis on the Impact of Infertility on Men's General Health. Eur Urol Focus, 2023.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37573151
1543.Pozzi, E., et al. Infertile couples still undergo assisted reproductive treatments without initial andrological evaluation in the real-life setting: A failure to adhere to guidelines? Andrology, 2021. 9: 1843.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34169669
1544.Bjorndahl, L., et al. Standards in semen examination: publishing reproducible and reliable data based on high-quality methodology. Hum Reprod, 2022. 37: 2497.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36112046
1545.World Health Organization. WHO Laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen, sixth edition. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2021.
https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240030787
1546.Pozzi, E., et al. Initial Andrological Evaluation of the Infertile Male. Eur Urol Focus, 2023. 9: 51.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36210297
1547.Kasman, A.M., et al. Association between preconception paternal health and pregnancy loss in the USA: an analysis of US claims data. Hum Reprod, 2021. 36: 785.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33336240
1548.Nieschlag E, et al., Andrology: Male Reproductive Health and Dysfunction, 3rd edn. Anamnesis and physical examination, ed. Nieschlag E, Behre HM & Nieschlag S. 2010, Berlin.
1549.Lotti, F., et al. Ultrasound of the male genital tract in relation to male reproductive health. Hum Reprod Update, 2015. 21: 56.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25038770
1550.Bahk, J.Y., et al. Cut-off value of testes volume in young adults and correlation among testes volume, body mass index, hormonal level, and seminal profiles. Urology, 2010. 75: 1318.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20299083
1551.Jorgensen, N., et al. East-West gradient in semen quality in the Nordic-Baltic area: a study of men from the general population in Denmark, Norway, Estonia and Finland. Hum Reprod, 2002. 17: 2199.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12151459
1552.Jensen, T.K., et al. Association of in utero exposure to maternal smoking with reduced semen quality and testis size in adulthood: a cross-sectional study of 1,770 young men from the general population in five European countries. Am J Epidemiol, 2004. 159: 49.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14693659
1553.Boeri, L., et al. Testicular volume in infertile versus fertile white-European men: a case-control investigation in the real-life setting. Asian J Androl, 2021. 23: 501.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33723100
1554.Yifu, P., et al. Sperm DNA fragmentation index with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod, 2020: 101740.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32348878
1555.McQueen, D.B., et al. Sperm DNA fragmentation and recurrent pregnancy loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Fertil Steril, 2019. 112: 54.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31056315
1556.WHO, WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen, in 5th edn. 2010.
1557.Grimes, D.A., et al. "Oligozoospermia," "azoospermia," and other semen-analysis terminology: the need for better science. Fertil Steril, 2007. 88: 1491.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17582404
1558.WHO. WHO laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen Sixth edition. 2021.
1559.Agarwal, A., et al. Sperm DNA damage assessment: a test whose time has come. Fertil Steril, 2005. 84: 850.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16213833
1560.Zini, A., et al. Correlations between two markers of sperm DNA integrity, DNA denaturation and DNA fragmentation, in fertile and infertile men. Fertil Steril, 2001. 75: 674.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11287017
1561.Iommiello, V.M., et al. Ejaculate oxidative stress is related with sperm DNA fragmentation and round cells. Int J Endocrinol, 2015. 2015: 321901.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25802519
1562.Bisht, S., et al. Oxidative stress and male infertility. Nat Rev Urol, 2017. 14: 470.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28508879
1563.Agarwal, A., et al. Oxidation-reduction potential as a new marker for oxidative stress: Correlation to male infertility. Investig Clin Urol, 2017. 58: 385.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29124237
1564.Marinaro, J.A. Sperm DNA fragmentation and its interaction with female factors. Fertil Steril, 2023. 120: 715.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37290553
1565.Simon, L., et al. Sperm DNA Fragmentation: Consequences for Reproduction. Adv Exp Med Biol, 2019. 1166: 87.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31301048
1566.Nicopoullos, J., et al. Novel use of COMET parameters of sperm DNA damage may increase its utility to diagnose male infertility and predict live births following both IVF and ICSI. Hum Reprod, 2019. 34: 1915.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31585464
1567.Tan, J., et al. Association between sperm DNA fragmentation and idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Reprod Biomed Online, 2019. 38: 951.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30979611
1568.Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive, M. The clinical utility of sperm DNA integrity testing: a guideline. Fertil Steril, 2013. 99: 673.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23391408
1569.Cissen, M., et al. Measuring Sperm DNA Fragmentation and Clinical Outcomes of Medically Assisted Reproduction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS One, 2016. 11: e0165125.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27832085
1570.Kim, G.Y. What should be done for men with sperm DNA fragmentation? Clin Exp Reprod Med, 2018. 45: 101.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30202739
1571.Evenson, D.P. Sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA(R)). Methods Mol Biol, 2013. 927: 147.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22992911
1572.Evenson, D.P., et al. Sperm chromatin structure assay: its clinical use for detecting sperm DNA fragmentation in male infertility and comparisons with other techniques. J Androl, 2002. 23: 25.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11780920
1573.Tarozzi, N., et al. Clinical relevance of sperm DNA damage in assisted reproduction. Reprod Biomed Online, 2007. 14: 746.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17579991
1574.Esteves, S.C., et al. Reproductive outcomes of testicular versus ejaculated sperm for intracytoplasmic sperm injection among men with high levels of DNA fragmentation in semen: systematic review and meta-analysis. Fertil Steril, 2017. 108: 456.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28865546
1575.Esteves, S.C., et al. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection for male infertility and consequences for offspring. Nat Rev Urol, 2018. 15: 535.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29967387
1576.Abhyankar, N., et al. Use of testicular versus ejaculated sperm for intracytoplasmic sperm injection among men with cryptozoospermia: a meta-analysis. Fertil Steril, 2016. 105: 1469.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26930617
1577.Khoo, C.C., et al. Does Testicular Sperm Improve Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Outcomes for Nonazoospermic Infertile Men with Elevated Sperm DNA Fragmentation? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Eur Urol Focus, 2023.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37709593
1578.Martin-du-Pan, R.C., et al. Increased follicle stimulating hormone in infertile men. Is increased plasma FSH always due to damaged germinal epithelium? Hum Reprod, 1995. 10: 1940.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8567817
1579.Ishikawa, T., et al. Clinical and hormonal findings in testicular maturation arrest. BJU Int, 2004. 94: 1314.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15610112
1580.Ramasamy, R., et al. High serum FSH levels in men with nonobstructive azoospermia does not affect success of microdissection testicular sperm extraction. Fertil Steril, 2009. 92: 590.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18973887
1581.Zeadna, A., et al. Prediction of sperm extraction in non-obstructive azoospermia patients: a machine-learning perspective. Hum Reprod, 2020. 35: 1505.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32538428
1582.Pozzi, E., et al. Anti-Mullerian hormone predicts positive sperm retrieval in men with idiopathic non-obstructive azoospermia-findings from a multi-centric cross-sectional study. Hum Reprod, 2023. 38: 1464.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37322566
1583.Benderradji, H., et al. Contribution of serum anti-Mullerian hormone in the management of azoospermia and the prediction of testicular sperm retrieval outcomes: a study of 155 adult men. Basic Clin Androl, 2021. 31: 15.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34134632
1584.Carrell, D.T. The clinical implementation of sperm chromosome aneuploidy testing: pitfalls and promises. J Androl, 2008. 29: 124.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17881765
1585.Aran, B., et al. Screening for abnormalities of chromosomes X, Y, and 18 and for diploidy in spermatozoa from infertile men participating in an in vitro fertilization-intracytoplasmic sperm injection program. Fertil Steril, 1999. 72: 696.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10521113
1586.Kohn, T.P., et al. Genetic counseling for men with recurrent pregnancy loss or recurrent implantation failure due to abnormal sperm chromosomal aneuploidy. J Assist Reprod Genet, 2016. 33: 571.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27020275
1587.Cheng, X., et al. Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy With Comprehensive Chromosome Screening in Patients Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Obstet Gynecol, 2022. 140: 769.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36201787
1588.Zheng, W., et al. Obstetric and neonatal outcomes of pregnancies resulting from preimplantation genetic testing: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update, 2021. 27: 989.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34473268
1589.Dviri, M., et al. Is there an association between paternal age and aneuploidy? Evidence from young donor oocyte-derived embryos: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update, 2021. 27: 486.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33355342
1590.Cornelisse, S., et al. Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies (abnormal number of chromosomes) in in vitro fertilisation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2020. 9: CD005291.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32898291
1591.Johnson, M.D. Genetic risks of intracytoplasmic sperm injection in the treatment of male infertility: recommendations for genetic counseling and screening. Fertil Steril, 1998. 70: 397.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9757865
1592.Clementini, E., et al. Prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities in 2078 infertile couples referred for assisted reproductive techniques. Hum Reprod, 2005. 20: 437.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15567875
1593.Vincent, M.C., et al. Cytogenetic investigations of infertile men with low sperm counts: a 25-year experience. J Androl, 2002. 23: 18.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11780918
1594.Deebel, N.A., et al. Age-related presence of spermatogonia in patients with Klinefelter syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update, 2020. 26: 58.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31822886
1595.Vockel, M., et al. The X chromosome and male infertility. Hum Genet, 2021. 140: 203.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31875237
1596.Dul, E.C., et al. The prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities in subgroups of infertile men. Hum Reprod, 2012. 27: 36.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22081244
1597.Davila Garza, S.A., et al. Reproductive outcomes in patients with male infertility because of Klinefelter's syndrome, Kartagener's syndrome, round-head sperm, dysplasia fibrous sheath, and 'stump' tail sperm: an updated literature review. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol, 2013. 25: 229.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23587797
1598.Pozzi, E., et al. Rates of hypogonadism forms in Klinefelter patients undergoing testicular sperm extraction: A multicenter cross-sectional study. Andrology, 2020. 8: 1705.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32558292
1599.Wang, C., et al. Hormonal studies in Klinefelter's syndrome. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 1975. 4: 399.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1157343
1600.Calogero, A.E., et al. Klinefelter syndrome: cardiovascular abnormalities and metabolic disorders. J Endocrinol Invest, 2017. 40: 705.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28258556
1601.Aksglaede, L., et al. Testicular function and fertility in men with Klinefelter syndrome: a review. Eur J Endocrinol, 2013. 168: R67.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23504510
1602.Corona, G., et al. Sperm recovery and ICSI outcomes in Klinefelter syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update, 2017. 23: 265.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28379559
1603.Okada, H., et al. Age as a limiting factor for successful sperm retrieval in patients with nonmosaic Klinefelter's syndrome. Fertil Steril, 2005. 84: 1662.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16359961
1604.Groth, K.A., et al. Clinical review: Klinefelter syndrome--a clinical update. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2013. 98: 20.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23118429
1605.Gravholt, C.H., et al. Klinefelter Syndrome: Integrating Genetics, Neuropsychology, and Endocrinology. Endocr Rev, 2018. 39: 389.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29438472
1606.Glueck, C.J., et al. Thrombophilia in Klinefelter Syndrome With Deep Venous Thrombosis, Pulmonary Embolism, and Mesenteric Artery Thrombosis on Testosterone Therapy: A Pilot Study. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost, 2017. 23: 973.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27582022
1607.Gies, I., et al. Spermatogonial stem cell preservation in boys with Klinefelter syndrome: to bank or not to bank, that's the question. Fertil Steril, 2012. 98: 284.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22608314
1608.Franik, S., et al. Klinefelter syndrome and fertility: sperm preservation should not be offered to children with Klinefelter syndrome. Hum Reprod, 2016. 31: 1952.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27412247
1609.Nguyen, M.H., et al. Balanced complex chromosome rearrangement in male infertility: case report and literature review. Andrologia, 2015. 47: 178.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24612408
1610.Siffroi, J.P., et al. Assisted reproductive technology and complex chromosomal rearrangements: the limits of ICSI. Mol Hum Reprod, 1997. 3: 847.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9395262
1611.De Boeck, K. Cystic fibrosis in the year 2020: A disease with a new face. Acta Paediatr, 2020. 109: 893.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31899933
1612.McBride, J.A., et al. Sperm retrieval and intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes in men with cystic fibrosis disease versus congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens. Asian J Androl, 2021. 23: 140.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32930103
1613.Donat, R., et al. The incidence of cystic fibrosis gene mutations in patients with congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens in Scotland. Br J Urol, 1997. 79: 74.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9043501
1614.Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive, M. Diagnostic evaluation of the infertile male: a committee opinion. Fertil Steril, 2015. 103: e18.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25597249
1615.Oates, R. Evaluation of the azoospermic male. Asian J Androl, 2012. 14: 82.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22179510
1616.Daudin, M., et al. Congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens: clinical characteristics, biological parameters, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene mutations, and implications for genetic counseling. Fertil Steril, 2000. 74: 1164.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11119745
1617.Chillon, M., et al. Mutations in the cystic fibrosis gene in patients with congenital absence of the vas deferens. N Engl J Med, 1995. 332: 1475.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7739684
1618.De Braekeleer, M., et al. Mutations in the cystic fibrosis gene in men with congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens. Mol Hum Reprod, 1996. 2: 669.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9239681
1619.Nathanson, K.L., et al. The Y deletion gr/gr and susceptibility to testicular germ cell tumor. Am J Hum Genet, 2005. 77: 1034.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16380914
1620.Krausz, C., et al. Genetic risk factors in male infertility. Arch Androl, 2007. 53: 125.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17612870
1621.Augarten, A., et al. Congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens in the absence of cystic fibrosis. Lancet, 1994. 344: 1473.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7968122
1622.Schlegel, P.N., et al. Urogenital anomalies in men with congenital absence of the vas deferens. J Urol, 1996. 155: 1644.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8627844
1623.Drake, M.J., et al. Absent vas deferens and ipsilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney in a child. Br J Urol, 1996. 77: 756.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8689131
1624.Vogt, P.H., et al. Human Y chromosome azoospermia factors (AZF) mapped to different subregions in Yq11. Hum Mol Genet, 1996. 5: 933.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8817327
1625.Krausz, C., et al. Spermatogenic failure and the Y chromosome. Hum Genet, 2017. 136: 637.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28456834
1626.Skaletsky, H., et al. The male-specific region of the human Y chromosome is a mosaic of discrete sequence classes. Nature, 2003. 423: 825.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12815422
1627.Krausz, C., et al. The Y chromosome and male fertility and infertility. Int J Androl, 2003. 26: 70.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12641824
1628.Hinch, A.G., et al. Recombination in the human Pseudoautosomal region PAR1. PLoS Genet, 2014. 10: e1004503.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25033397
1629.Colaco, S., et al. Genetics of the human Y chromosome and its association with male infertility. Reprod Biol Endocrinol, 2018. 16: 14.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29454353
1630.Kohn, T.P., et al. The Prevalence of Y-chromosome Microdeletions in Oligozoospermic Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of European and North American Studies. Eur Urol, 2019. 76: 626.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31400948
1631.Ferlin, A., et al. Molecular and clinical characterization of Y chromosome microdeletions in infertile men: a 10-year experience in Italy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2007. 92: 762.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17213277
1632.Hopps, C.V., et al. Detection of sperm in men with Y chromosome microdeletions of the AZFa, AZFb and AZFc regions. Hum Reprod, 2003. 18: 1660.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12871878
1633.Park, S.H., et al. Success rate of microsurgical multiple testicular sperm extraction and sperm presence in the ejaculate in korean men with y chromosome microdeletions. Korean J Urol, 2013. 54: 536.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23956830
1634.Abur, U., et al. Chromosomal and Y-chromosome microdeletion analysis in 1,300 infertile males and the fertility outcome of patients with AZFc microdeletions. Andrologia, 2019. 51: e13402.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31650616
1635.Krausz, C., et al. Y chromosome and male infertility: update, 2006. Front Biosci, 2006. 11: 3049.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16720375
1636.Krausz, C., et al. EAA/EMQN best practice guidelines for molecular diagnosis of Y-chromosomal microdeletions: state-of-the-art 2013. Andrology, 2014. 2: 5.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24357628
1637.Lenz, S., et al. Ultrasonic testicular texture and size in 444 men from the general population: correlation to semen quality. Eur Urol, 1993. 24: 231.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8104150
1638.Lenz, S., et al. Ultrasonic texture and volume of testicles in infertile men. Hum Reprod, 1994. 9: 878.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7929736
1639.Bieniek, J.M., et al. Prevalence and Management of Incidental Small Testicular Masses Discovered on Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Male Infertility. J Urol, 2018. 199: 481.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28789946
1640.Tournaye, H., et al. Novel concepts in the aetiology of male reproductive impairment. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 2017. 5: 544.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27395771
1641.Hanson, H.A., et al. Subfertility increases risk of testicular cancer: evidence from population-based semen samples. Fertil Steril, 2016. 105: 322.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26604070
1642.Barbonetti, A., et al. Testicular Cancer in Infertile Men With and Without Testicular Microlithiasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 2019. 10: 164.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30949131
1643.Ager, M., et al. Radiological features characterising indeterminate testes masses: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BJU Int, 2023. 131: 288.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35980855
1644.Eifler, J.B., Jr., et al. Incidental testicular lesions found during infertility evaluation are usually benign and may be managed conservatively. J Urol, 2008. 180: 261.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18499177
1645.Kirkham, A.P., et al. Targeted testicular excision biopsy: when and how should we try to avoid radical orchidectomy? Clin Radiol, 2009. 64: 1158.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19913124
1646.Dell'Atti, L., et al. Are ultrasonographic measurements a reliable parameter to choose non-palpable testicular masses amenable to treatment with sparing surgery? J BUON, 2018. 23: 439.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29745090
1647.Esen, B., et al. Should we rely on Doppler ultrasound for evaluation of testicular solid lesions? World J Urol, 2018. 36: 1263.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29572727
1648.Shtricker, A., et al. The value of testicular ultrasound in the prediction of the type and size of testicular tumors. Int Braz J Urol, 2015. 41: 655.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26401856
1649.Sriprasad S, et al. High frequency colour doppler ultrasound of focal testicular lesion: Crossing vessels (criss-cross) pattern identifies primary malignant tumour. Eur Urol Suppl. , 2003. 2(1): 155.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1569905603806139?via%3Dihub
1650.Elert, A., et al. Accuracy of frozen section examination of testicular tumors of uncertain origin. Eur Urol, 2002. 41: 290.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12180230
1651.Gokhale, S., et al. Epididymal Appearance in Congenital Absence of Vas Deferens. J Ultrasound Med, 2021. 40: 1085.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32955739
1652.Du, J., et al. Differential diagnosis of azoospermia and etiologic classification of obstructive azoospermia: role of scrotal and transrectal US. Radiology, 2010. 256: 493.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20515977
1653.McQuaid, J.W., et al. Ejaculatory duct obstruction: current diagnosis and treatment. Curr Urol Rep, 2013. 14: 291.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23733548
1654.Berkowitz, G.S., et al. Prevalence and natural history of cryptorchidism. Pediatrics, 1993. 92: 44.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8100060
1655.van Brakel, J., et al. Scrotal ultrasound findings in previously congenital and acquired unilateral undescended testes and their contralateral normally descended testis. Andrology, 2015. 3: 888.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26216342
1656.van Brakel, J., et al. Fertility potential in a cohort of 65 men with previously acquired undescended testes. J Pediatr Surg, 2014. 49: 599.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24726121
1657.Varela-Cives, R., et al. A cross-sectional study of cryptorchidism in children: testicular volume and hormonal function at 18 years of age. Int Braz J Urol, 2015. 41: 57.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25928530
1658.Skakkebaek, N.E., et al. Testicular dysgenesis syndrome: an increasingly common developmental disorder with environmental aspects. Hum Reprod, 2001. 16: 972.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11331648
1659.Zhang, L., et al. Maternal gestational smoking, diabetes, alcohol drinking, pre-pregnancy obesity and the risk of cryptorchidism: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. PLoS One, 2015. 10: e0119006.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25798927
1660.Bergbrant, S., et al. Cryptorchidism in Sweden: A Nationwide Study of Prevalence, Operative Management, and Complications. J Pediatr, 2018. 194: 197.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29331326
1661.Gracia, J., et al. Clinical and anatomopathological study of 2000 cryptorchid testes. Br J Urol, 1995. 75: 697.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7613821
1662.Hadziselimovic, F., et al. Infertility in cryptorchidism is linked to the stage of germ cell development at orchidopexy. Horm Res, 2007. 68: 46.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17356291
1663.Bu, Q., et al. The Effectiveness of hCG and LHRH in Boys with Cryptorchidism: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Horm Metab Res, 2016. 48: 318.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27050251
1664.Wei, Y., et al. Efficacy and safety of human chorionic gonadotropin for treatment of cryptorchidism: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. J Paediatr Child Health, 2018. 54: 900.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29655188
1665.Cortes, D., et al. Hormonal treatment may harm the germ cells in 1 to 3-year-old boys with cryptorchidism. J Urol, 2000. 163: 1290.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10737531
1666.Radmayr, C., et al. EAU Guidelines on Paediatric Urology. EAU Guidelines edn. presented at the EAU Annual Congress, Paris 2024, 2024.
https://uroweb.org/guidelines/paediatric-urology
1667.Verkauskas, G., et al. Histopathology of Unilateral Cryptorchidism. Pediatr Dev Pathol, 2019. 22: 53.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30012073
1668.Yavetz, H., et al. Cryptorchidism: incidence and sperm quality in infertile men. Andrologia, 1992. 24: 293.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1356318
1669.Wilkerson, M.L., et al. Fertility potential: a comparison of intra-abdominal and intracanalicular testes by age groups in children. Horm Res, 2001. 55: 18.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11423737
1670.Lee, P.A. Fertility after cryptorchidism: epidemiology and other outcome studies. Urology, 2005. 66: 427.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16098371
1671.Rohayem, J., et al. Delayed treatment of undescended testes may promote hypogonadism and infertility. Endocrine, 2017. 55: 914.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28070708
1672.Giwercman, A., et al. Prevalence of carcinoma in situ and other histopathological abnormalities in testes of men with a history of cryptorchidism. J Urol, 1989. 142: 998.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2571738
1673.Pettersson, A., et al. Age at surgery for undescended testis and risk of testicular cancer. N Engl J Med, 2007. 356: 1835.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17476009
1674.Chan, E., et al. Ideal timing of orchiopexy: a systematic review. Pediatr Surg Int, 2014. 30: 87.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24232174
1675.Loebenstein, M., et al. Cryptorchidism, gonocyte development, and the risks of germ cell malignancy and infertility: A systematic review. J Pediatr Surg, 2020. 55: 1201.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31327540
1676.Bloom, D.A. Two-step orchiopexy with pelviscopic clip ligation of the spermatic vessels. J Urol, 1991. 145: 1030.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1673160
1677.Koni, A., et al. Histopathological evaluation of orchiectomy specimens in 51 late postpubertal men with unilateral cryptorchidism. J Urol, 2014. 192: 1183.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24840535
1678.Giwercman, A., et al. Initiation of sperm production after bilateral orchiopexy: clinical and biological implications. J Urol, 2000. 163: 1255.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10737515
1679.Jones, P.F. Approaches to orchidopexy. Br J Urol, 1995. 75: 693.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7613820
1680.Heidenreich, A. Contralateral testicular biopsy in testis cancer: current concepts and controversies. BJU Int, 2009. 104: 1346.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19840011
1681.Peng, X., et al. The association risk of male subfertility and testicular cancer: a systematic review. PLoS One, 2009. 4: e5591.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19440348
1682.Skakkebaek, N.E. Carcinoma in situ of the testis: frequency and relationship to invasive germ cell tumours in infertile men. Histopathology, 1978. 2: 157.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27442
1683.von der Maase, H., et al. Carcinoma in situ of contralateral testis in patients with testicular germ cell cancer: study of 27 cases in 500 patients. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed), 1986. 293: 1398.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3026550
1684.Montironi, R. Intratubular germ cell neoplasia of the testis: testicular intraepithelial neoplasia. Eur Urol, 2002. 41: 651.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12074783
1685.Jacobsen, R., et al. Risk of testicular cancer in men with abnormal semen characteristics: cohort study. BMJ, 2000. 321: 789.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11009515
1686.van Casteren, N.J., et al. Testicular microlithiasis and carcinoma in situ overview and proposed clinical guideline. Int J Androl, 2009. 32: 279.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19207616
1687.Huyghe, E., et al. Increasing incidence of testicular cancer worldwide: a review. J Urol, 2003. 170: 5.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12796635
1688.Li, D.K., et al. Relationship between urine bisphenol-A level and declining male sexual function. J Androl, 2010. 31: 500.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20467048
1689.Nassan, F.L., et al. A crossover-crossback prospective study of dibutyl-phthalate exposure from mesalamine medications and semen quality in men with inflammatory bowel disease. Environ Int, 2016. 95: 120.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27575365
1690.Giwercman, A., et al. Carcinoma in situ of the undescended testis. Semin Urol, 1988. 6: 110.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2903524
1691.Hoei-Hansen, C.E., et al. Current approaches for detection of carcinoma in situ testis. Int J Androl, 2007. 30: 398.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17705812
1692.Tan, I.B., et al. Testicular microlithiasis predicts concurrent testicular germ cell tumors and intratubular germ cell neoplasia of unclassified type in adults: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Cancer, 2010. 116: 4520.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20578177
1693.Oktay, K., et al. Fertility Preservation in Patients With Cancer: ASCO Clinical Practice Guideline Update. J Clin Oncol, 2018. 36: 1994.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29620997
1694.Lambertini, M., et al. Cancer and fertility preservation: international recommendations from an expert meeting. BMC Med, 2016. 14: 1.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26728489
1695.Petersen, P.M., et al. Semen quality and reproductive hormones before orchiectomy in men with testicular cancer. J Clin Oncol, 1999. 17: 941.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10071288
1696.Moody, J.A., et al. Fertility managment in testicular cancer: the need to establish a standardized and evidence-based patient-centric pathway. BJU Int, 2019. 123: 160.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29920910
1697.Kenney, L.B., et al. Improving Male Reproductive Health After Childhood, Adolescent, and Young Adult Cancer: Progress and Future Directions for Survivorship Research. J Clin Oncol, 2018. 36: 2160.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29874140
1698.Furuhashi, K., et al. Onco-testicular sperm extraction: testicular sperm extraction in azoospermic and very severely oligozoospermic cancer patients. Andrologia, 2013. 45: 107.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22690948
1699.Tsutsumi, S., et al. Onco-testicular sperm extraction (onco-TESE) for bilateral testicular tumors: two case reports. J Med Case Rep, 2017. 11: 139.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28511670
1700.Arnon, J., et al. Genetic and teratogenic effects of cancer treatments on gametes and embryos. Hum Reprod Update, 2001. 7: 394.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11476352
1701.Eberhard, J., et al. Impact of therapy and androgen receptor polymorphism on sperm concentration in men treated for testicular germ cell cancer: a longitudinal study. Hum Reprod, 2004. 19: 1418.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15105386
1702.Chatziparasidou, A., et al. Sperm aneuploidy in infertile male patients: a systematic review of the literature. Andrologia, 2015. 47: 847.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25352353
1703.Paoli, D., et al. Fatherhood and Sperm DNA Damage in Testicular Cancer Patients. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 2018. 9: 506.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30271379
1704.Kryukov, G.V., et al. Genetic Effect of Chemotherapy Exposure in Children of Testicular Cancer Survivors. Clin Cancer Res, 2016. 22: 2183.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26631610
1705.Willemse, P.H., et al. Altered Leydig cell function in patients with testicular cancer: evidence for bilateral testicular defect. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh), 1983. 102: 616.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6133401
1706.La Vignera, S., et al. Hypogonadism and Sexual Dysfunction in Testicular Tumor Survivors: A Systematic Review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 2019. 10: 264.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31133982
1707.Skinner, R., et al. Recommendations for gonadotoxicity surveillance in male childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer survivors: a report from the International Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Guideline Harmonization Group in collaboration with the PanCareSurFup Consortium. Lancet Oncol, 2017. 18: e75.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28214419
1708.Richenberg, J., et al. Testicular microlithiasis imaging and follow-up: guidelines of the ESUR scrotal imaging subcommittee. Eur Radiol, 2015. 25: 323.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25316054
1709.Pedersen, M.R., et al. Testicular microlithiasis and testicular cancer: review of the literature. Int Urol Nephrol, 2016. 48: 1079.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27007613
1710.Pierik, F.H., et al. Is routine scrotal ultrasound advantageous in infertile men? J Urol, 1999. 162: 1618.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10524881
1711.Derogee, M., et al. Testicular microlithiasis, a premalignant condition: prevalence, histopathologic findings, and relation to testicular tumor. Urology, 2001. 57: 1133.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11377326
1712.Miller, F.N., et al. Does testicular microlithiasis matter? A review. Clin Radiol, 2002. 57: 883.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12413911
1713.Giwercman, A., et al. Prevalence of carcinoma in situ and other histopathological abnormalities in testes from 399 men who died suddenly and unexpectedly. J Urol, 1991. 145: 77.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1984105
1714.de Gouveia Brazao, C.A., et al. Bilateral testicular microlithiasis predicts the presence of the precursor of testicular germ cell tumors in subfertile men. J Urol, 2004. 171: 158.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14665866
1715.Leblanc, L., et al. Testicular microlithiasis and testicular tumor: a review of the literature. Basic Clin Androl, 2018. 28: 8.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30002831
1716.DeCastro, B.J., et al. A 5-year followup study of asymptomatic men with testicular microlithiasis. J Urol, 2008. 179: 1420.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18289592
1717.Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive, M., et al. Report on varicocele and infertility: a committee opinion. Fertil Steril, 2014. 102: 1556.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25458620
1718.Freeman, S., et al. Ultrasound evaluation of varicoceles: guidelines and recommendations of the European Society of Urogenital Radiology Scrotal and Penile Imaging Working Group (ESUR-SPIWG) for detection, classification, and grading. Eur Radiol, 2020. 30: 11.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31332561
1719.Bertolotto, M., et al. Ultrasound evaluation of varicoceles: systematic literature review and rationale of the ESUR-SPIWG Guidelines and Recommendations. J Ultrasound, 2020. 23: 487.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32720266
1720.Sakamoto, H., et al. Testicular volume measurement: comparison of ultrasonography, orchidometry, and water displacement. Urology, 2007. 69: 152.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17270639
1721.Baazeem, A., et al. Varicocele and male factor infertility treatment: a new meta-analysis and review of the role of varicocele repair. Eur Urol, 2011. 60: 796.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21733620
1722.Damsgaard, J., et al. Varicocele Is Associated with Impaired Semen Quality and Reproductive Hormone Levels: A Study of 7035 Healthy Young Men from Six European Countries. Eur Urol, 2016. 70: 1019.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27423503
1723.Jensen, C.F.S., et al. Varicocele and male infertility. Nat Rev Urol, 2017. 14: 523.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28675168
1724.Pallotti, F., et al. Varicocele and semen quality: a retrospective case-control study of 4230 patients from a single centre. J Endocrinol Invest, 2018. 41: 185.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28647897
1725.Elzanaty, S. Varicocele repair in non-obstructive azoospermic men: diagnostic value of testicular biopsy - a meta-analysis. Scand J Urol, 2014. 48: 494.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25001949
1726.Esteves, S.C., et al. Outcome of varicocele repair in men with nonobstructive azoospermia: systematic review and meta-analysis. Asian J Androl, 2016. 18: 246.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26680033
1727.Kim, H.J., et al. Clinical significance of subclinical varicocelectomy in male infertility: systematic review and meta-analysis. Andrologia, 2016. 48: 654.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26589369
1728.Kim, K.H., et al. Impact of surgical varicocele repair on pregnancy rate in subfertile men with clinical varicocele and impaired semen quality: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Korean J Urol, 2013. 54: 703.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24175046
1729.Agarwal, A., et al. Efficacy of varicocelectomy in improving semen parameters: new meta-analytical approach. Urology, 2007. 70: 532.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17905111
1730.Baek, S.R., et al. Comparison of the clinical characteristics of patients with varicocele according to the presence or absence of scrotal pain. Andrologia, 2019. 51: e13187.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30357879
1731.Asafu-Adjei, D., et al. Systematic Review of the Impact of Varicocele Grade on Response to Surgical Management. J Urol, 2020. 203: 48.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31042452
1732.Yamamoto, M., et al. Effect of varicocelectomy on sperm parameters and pregnancy rate in patients with subclinical varicocele: a randomized prospective controlled study. J Urol, 1996. 155: 1636.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8627841
1733.Fallara, G., et al. The Effect of Varicocele Treatment on Fertility in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Published Prospective Trials. Eur Urol Focus, 2023. 9: 154.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36151030
1734.Agarwal, A., et al. Impact of Varicocele Repair on Semen Parameters in Infertile Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. World J Mens Health, 2023. 41: 289.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36326166
1735.Kroese, A.C., et al. Surgery or embolization for varicoceles in subfertile men. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2012. 10: CD000479.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23076888
1736.Persad, E., et al. Surgical or radiological treatment for varicoceles in subfertile men. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2021. 4: CD000479.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33890288
1737.Machen, G.L., et al. Time to improvement of semen parameters after microscopic varicocelectomy: When it occurs and its effects on fertility. Andrologia, 2020. 52: e13500.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31840291
1738.Pazir, Y., et al. Determination of the time for improvement in semen parameters after varicocelectomy. Andrologia, 2021. 53: e13895.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33141946
1739.Cayan, S., et al. Can varicocelectomy significantly change the way couples use assisted reproductive technologies? J Urol, 2002. 167: 1749.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11912402
1740.Peng, J., et al. Spontaneous pregnancy rates in Chinese men undergoing microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy and possible preoperative factors affecting the outcomes. Fertil Steril, 2015. 103: 635.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25624191
1741.Kirby, E.W., et al. Undergoing varicocele repair before assisted reproduction improves pregnancy rate and live birth rate in azoospermic and oligospermic men with a varicocele: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Fertil Steril, 2016. 106: 1338.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27526630
1742.Ding, H., et al. Open non-microsurgical, laparoscopic or open microsurgical varicocelectomy for male infertility: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BJU Int, 2012. 110: 1536.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22642226
1743.Locke, J.A., et al. Treatment of varicocele in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Pediatr Urol, 2017. 13: 437.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28851509
1744.Silay, M.S., et al. Treatment of Varicocele in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis from the European Association of Urology/European Society for Paediatric Urology Guidelines Panel. Eur Urol, 2019. 75: 448.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30316583
1745.Sajadi, H., et al. Varicocelectomy May Improve Results for Sperm Retrieval and Pregnancy Rate in Non-Obstructive Azoospermic Men. Int J Fertil Steril, 2019. 12: 303.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30291690
1746.Chen, X., et al. Efficacy of varicocelectomy in the treatment of hypogonadism in subfertile males with clinical varicocele: A meta-analysis. Andrologia, 2017. 49.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28378913
1747.Soetandar, A., et al. Microsurgical varicocelectomy effects on sperm DNA fragmentation and sperm parameters in infertile male patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of more recent evidence. Arch Ital Urol Androl, 2022. 94: 360.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36165486
1748.Lira Neto, F.T., et al. Effect of varicocelectomy on sperm deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation rates in infertile men with clinical varicocele: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Fertil Steril, 2021. 116: 696.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33985792
1749.Yan, S., et al. Should the current guidelines for the treatment of varicoceles in infertile men be re-evaluated? Hum Fertil (Camb), 2021. 24: 78.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30905210
1750.Machen, G.L., et al. Extended indications for varicocelectomy. F1000Res, 2019. 8.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31543949
1751.Cayan, S., et al. Treatment of palpable varicocele in infertile men: a meta-analysis to define the best technique. J Androl, 2009. 30: 33.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18772487
1752.Wang, H., et al. Microsurgery Versus Laparoscopic Surgery for Varicocele: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Invest Surg, 2020. 33: 40.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30339469
1753.Bryniarski, P., et al. The comparison of laparoscopic and microsurgical varicocoelectomy in infertile men with varicocoele on paternity rate 12 months after surgery: a prospective randomized controlled trial. Andrology, 2017. 5: 445.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28346969
1754.Fabiani, A., et al. Do sclero-embolization procedures have advantages over surgical ligature in treating varicocele in children, adolescents and adults? Results from a systematic review and meta-analysis. Andrologia, 2022. 54: e14510.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35750057
1755.McCullough, A., et al. A retrospective review of single-institution outcomes with robotic-assisted microsurgical varicocelectomy. Asian J Androl, 2018. 20: 189.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29086759
1756.Chan, P., et al. Pros and cons of robotic microsurgery as an appropriate approach to male reproductive surgery for vasectomy reversal and varicocele repair. Fertil Steril, 2018. 110: 816.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30316417
1757.Crestani, A., et al. Antegrade scrotal sclerotherapy of internal spermatic veins for varicocele treatment: technique, complications, and results. Asian J Androl, 2016. 18: 292.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26763550
1758.Tauber, R., et al. Antegrade scrotal sclerotherapy for the treatment of varicocele: technique and late results. J Urol, 1994. 151: 386.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8283530
1759.Makris, G.C., et al. Safety and effectiveness of the different types of embolic materials for the treatment of testicular varicoceles: a systematic review. Br J Radiol, 2018. 91: 20170445.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29493263
1760.Sigmund, G., et al. Idiopathic varicoceles: feasibility of percutaneous sclerotherapy. Radiology, 1987. 164: 161.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3588899
1761.Seyferth, W., et al. Percutaneous sclerotherapy of varicocele. Radiology, 1981. 139: 335.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7220877
1762.Goldstein, M., et al. Microsurgical inguinal varicocelectomy with delivery of the testis: an artery and lymphatic sparing technique. J Urol, 1992. 148: 1808.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1433614
1763.Ivanissevich, O. Left varicocele due to reflux; experience with 4,470 operative cases in forty-two years. J Int Coll Surg, 1960. 34: 742.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13718224
1764.Palomo, A. Radical cure of varicocele by a new technique; preliminary report. J Urol, 1949. 61: 604.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18114752
1765.Jungwirth, A., et al. Clinical outcome of microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy in infertile men. Andrologia, 2001. 33: 71.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11350369
1766.Rotker, K., et al. Recurrent varicocele. Asian J Androl, 2016. 18: 229.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26806078
1767.Miersch, W.D., et al. Laparoscopic varicocelectomy: indication, technique and surgical results. Br J Urol, 1995. 76: 636.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8535687
1768.Tan, S.M., et al. Laparoscopic varicocelectomy: technique and results. Br J Urol, 1995. 75: 523.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7788264
1769.WHO, WHO Manual for the Standardized Investigation, Diagnosis and Management of the Infertile Male. 2000, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.
1770.Purvis, K., et al. Infection in the male reproductive tract. Impact, diagnosis and treatment in relation to male infertility. Int J Androl, 1993. 16: 1.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8468091
1771.Weidner, W., et al. Relevance of male accessory gland infection for subsequent fertility with special focus on prostatitis. Hum Reprod Update, 1999. 5: 421.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10582781
1772.Gimenes, F., et al. Male infertility: a public health issue caused by sexually transmitted pathogens. Nat Rev Urol, 2014. 11: 672.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25330794
1773.Fode, M., et al. Sexually Transmitted Disease and Male Infertility: A Systematic Review. Eur Urol Focus, 2016. 2: 383.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28723470
1774.Rusz, A., et al. Influence of urogenital infections and inflammation on semen quality and male fertility. World J Urol, 2012. 30: 23.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21748371
1775.Liversedge, N.H., et al. Antibiotic treatment based on seminal cultures from asymptomatic male partners in in-vitro fertilization is unnecessary and may be detrimental. Hum Reprod, 1996. 11: 1227.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8671429
1776.Taylor-Robinson, D. Evaluation and comparison of tests to diagnose Chlamydia trachomatis genital infections. Hum Reprod, 1997. 12: 113.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9433967
1777.Khoshakhlagh, A., et al. Comparison the diagnostic value of serological and molecular methods for screening and detecting Chlamydia trachomatis in semen of infertile men: A cross-sectional study. Int J Reprod Biomed, 2017. 15: 763.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29492473
1778.Paez-Canro, C., et al. Antibiotics for treating urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis infection in men and non-pregnant women. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2019. 1: CD010871.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30682211
1779.Liang, Y., et al. Comparison of rRNA-based and DNA-based nucleic acid amplifications for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Ureaplasma urealyticum in urogenital swabs. BMC Infect Dis, 2018. 18: 651.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30541468
1780.Weidner, W., et al. Ureaplasmal infections of the male urogenital tract, in particular prostatitis, and semen quality. Urol Int, 1985. 40: 5.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3883615
1781.Taylor-Robinson, D. Infections due to species of Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma: an update. Clin Infect Dis, 1996. 23: 671.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8909826
1782.Huang, C., et al. Mycoplasma and ureaplasma infection and male infertility: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Andrology, 2015. 3: 809.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26311339
1783.Boeri, L., et al. High-risk human papillomavirus in semen is associated with poor sperm progressive motility and a high sperm DNA fragmentation index in infertile men. Hum Reprod, 2019. 34: 209.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30517657
1784.Foresta, C., et al. HPV-DNA sperm infection and infertility: from a systematic literature review to a possible clinical management proposal. Andrology, 2015. 3: 163.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25270519
1785.Lyu, Z., et al. Human papillomavirus in semen and the risk for male infertility: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis, 2017. 17: 714.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29121862
1786.Xiong, Y.Q., et al. The risk of human papillomavirus infection for male fertility abnormality: a meta-analysis. Asian J Androl, 2018. 20: 493.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29623908
1787.Depuydt, C.E., et al. Infectious human papillomavirus virions in semen reduce clinical pregnancy rates in women undergoing intrauterine insemination. Fertil Steril, 2019. 111: 1135.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31005311
1788.Aitken, R.J., et al. Seminal leukocytes: passengers, terrorists or good samaritans? Hum Reprod, 1995. 10: 1736.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8582971
1789.Trum, J.W., et al. Value of detecting leukocytospermia in the diagnosis of genital tract infection in subfertile men. Fertil Steril, 1998. 70: 315.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9696227
1790.Krieger, J.N., et al. Seminal fluid findings in men with nonbacterial prostatitis and prostatodynia. J Androl, 1996. 17: 310.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8792222
1791.Weidner, W., et al. Semen parameters in men with and without proven chronic prostatitis. Arch Androl, 1991. 26: 173.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1872650
1792.Jung, J.H., et al. Treatment of Leukocytospermia in Male Infertility: A Systematic Review. World J Mens Health, 2016. 34: 165.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28053945
1793.Condorelli, R.A., et al. Chronic prostatitis and its detrimental impact on sperm parameters: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Endocrinol Invest, 2017. 40: 1209.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28488229
1794.Boeri, L., et al. Semen infections in men with primary infertility in the real-life setting. Fertil Steril, 2020. 113: 1174.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32299615
1795.Wolff, H. The biologic significance of white blood cells in semen. Fertil Steril, 1995. 63: 1143.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7750580
1796.Wolff, H., et al. Impact of clinically silent inflammation on male genital tract organs as reflected by biochemical markers in semen. J Androl, 1991. 12: 331.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1765569
1797.Dousset, B., et al. Seminal cytokine concentrations (IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-6, sR IL-2, sR IL-6), semen parameters and blood hormonal status in male infertility. Hum Reprod, 1997. 12: 1476.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9262280
1798.Huleihel, M., et al. Distinct expression levels of cytokines and soluble cytokine receptors in seminal plasma of fertile and infertile men. Fertil Steril, 1996. 66: 135.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8752625
1799.Shimonovitz, S., et al. High concentration of soluble interleukin-2 receptors in ejaculate with low sperm motility. Hum Reprod, 1994. 9: 653.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8046017
1800.Zalata, A., et al. Evaluation of beta-endorphin and interleukin-6 in seminal plasma of patients with certain andrological diseases. Hum Reprod, 1995. 10: 3161.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8822435
1801.Alexander, R.B., et al. Elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the semen of patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Urology, 1998. 52: 744.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9801092
1802.La Vignera, S., et al. Markers of semen inflammation: supplementary semen analysis? J Reprod Immunol, 2013. 100: 2.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23850173
1803.Ahmadi, M.H., et al. Association of asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis infection with male infertility and the effect of antibiotic therapy in improvement of semen quality in infected infertile men. Andrologia, 2018.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29292525
1804.Depuydt, C.E., et al. The relation between reactive oxygen species and cytokines in andrological patients with or without male accessory gland infection. J Androl, 1996. 17: 699.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9016401
1805.Weidner, W., et al. Therapy in male accessory gland infection--what is fact, what is fiction? Andrologia, 1998. 30 Suppl 1: 87.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9629448
1806.Comhaire, F.H., et al. The effect of doxycycline in infertile couples with male accessory gland infection: a double blind prospective study. Int J Androl, 1986. 9: 91.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3539821
1807.Berger, R., Epididymitis. In: Holmes KK, Mardh PA, Sparling PF et al. (eds). Sexually Transmitted Diseases, in Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 1984, McGraw-Hill: New York.
1808.Berger, R.E., et al. Etiology, manifestations and therapy of acute epididymitis: prospective study of 50 cases. J Urol, 1979. 121: 750.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/379366
1809.Weidner, W., et al. Acute nongonococcal epididymitis. Aetiological and therapeutic aspects. Drugs, 1987. 34 Suppl 1: 111.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3481311
1810.National guideline for the management of epididymo-orchitis. Clinical Effectiveness Group (Association of Genitourinary Medicine and the Medical Society for the Study of Venereal Diseases). Sex Transm Infect, 1999. 75 Suppl 1: S51.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10616385
1811.Weidner, W., et al., Orchitis. In: Knobil E, Neill JD (eds) Encyclopedia of Reproduction, in Encyclopedia of Reproduction. 1999, Academic Press: San Diego.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2265337
1813.Rastrelli, G., et al. Metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity in erectile dysfunction and male infertility. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab, 2019. 14: 321.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31464531
1814.Hakonsen, L.B., et al. Does weight loss improve semen quality and reproductive hormones? Results from a cohort of severely obese men. Reprod Health, 2011. 8: 24.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21849026
1815.Lee, Y., et al. Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Male Sex Hormones and Sperm Quality: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Obes Surg, 2019. 29: 334.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30382463
1816.Ibanez-Perez, J., et al. An update on the implication of physical activity on semen quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Gynecol Obstet, 2019. 299: 901.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30671700
1817.Sharma, R., et al. Cigarette Smoking and Semen Quality: A New Meta-analysis Examining the Effect of the 2010 World Health Organization Laboratory Methods for the Examination of Human Semen. Eur Urol, 2016. 70: 635.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27113031
1818.Ricci, E., et al. Semen quality and alcohol intake: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Reprod Biomed Online, 2017. 34: 38.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28029592
1819.Alcoholism, N.I.o.A.A.a., The Physicians’ guide to helping patients with alcohol problems. 1995.
1820.Sidorkiewicz, I., et al. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals-Mechanisms of action on male reproductive system. Toxicol Ind Health, 2017. 33: 601.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28464759
1821.Agarwal, A., et al. Correlation of reactive oxygen species levels with the fertilization rate after in vitro fertilization: a qualified meta-analysis. Fertil Steril, 2005. 84: 228.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16009190
1822.Showell, M.G., et al. Antioxidants for male subfertility. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2014: CD007411.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25504418
1823.Smits, R.M., et al. Antioxidants for male subfertility. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2019. 3: CD007411.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30866036
1824.Steiner, A.Z., et al. The effect of antioxidants on male factor infertility: the Males, Antioxidants, and Infertility (MOXI) randomized clinical trial. Fertil Steril, 2020. 113: 552.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32111479
1825.Cannarella, R., et al. Effects of the selective estrogen receptor modulators for the treatment of male infertility: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Expert Opin Pharmacother, 2019. 20: 1517.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31120775
1826.Chua, M.E., et al. Revisiting oestrogen antagonists (clomiphene or tamoxifen) as medical empiric therapy for idiopathic male infertility: a meta-analysis. Andrology, 2013. 1: 749.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23970453
1827.Kamischke, A., et al. Analysis of medical treatment of male infertility. Hum Reprod, 1999. 14 Suppl 1: 1.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10573021
1828.Cooke, P.S., et al. Estrogens in Male Physiology. Physiol Rev, 2017. 97: 995.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28539434
1829.Schulster, M., et al. The role of estradiol in male reproductive function. Asian J Androl, 2016. 18: 435.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26908066
1830.Ring, J.D., et al. Current medical management of endocrine-related male infertility. Asian J Androl, 2016. 18: 357.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27098657
1831.Xu, X., et al. The Effect of Aromatase on the Reproductive Function of Obese Males. Horm Metab Res, 2017. 49: 572.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28679145
1832.Del Giudice, F., et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials implementing aromatase inhibitors to treat male infertility. Asian J Androl, 2020. 22: 360.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31621654
1833.Liu, P.Y., et al. Induction of spermatogenesis and fertility during gonadotropin treatment of gonadotropin-deficient infertile men: predictors of fertility outcome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2009. 94: 801.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19066302
1834.Ribeiro, R.S., et al. Clomiphene fails to revert hypogonadism in most male patients with conventionally treated nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol, 2011. 55: 266.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21779629
1835.Simoni, M., et al. Prospects for FSH Treatment of Male Infertility. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2020. 105.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32374828
1836.Colacurci, N., et al. Recombinant FSH Improves Sperm DNA Damage in Male Infertility: A Phase II Clinical Trial. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 2018. 9: 383.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30042737
1837.Ding, Y.M., et al. Treatment of idiopathic oligozoospermia with recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study in Chinese population. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 2015. 83: 866.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25761129
1838.Shinjo, E., et al. The effect of human chorionic gonadotropin-based hormonal therapy on intratesticular testosterone levels and spermatogonial DNA synthesis in men with non-obstructive azoospermia. Andrology, 2013. 1: 929.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24123916
1839.Simoni, M., et al. Treatment with human, recombinant FSH improves sperm DNA fragmentation in idiopathic infertile men depending on the FSH receptor polymorphism p.N680S: a pharmacogenetic study. Hum Reprod, 2016. 31: 1960.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27329968
1840.Cannarella, R., et al. FSH dosage effect on conventional sperm parameters: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies. Asian J Androl, 2020. 22: 309.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31274479
1841.Attia, A.M., et al. Gonadotrophins for idiopathic male factor subfertility. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2013. 8: CD005071.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23970458
1842.Santi, D., et al. FSH treatment of male idiopathic infertility improves pregnancy rate: a meta-analysis. Endocr Connect, 2015. 4: R46.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26113521
1843.Cocci, A., et al. Effectiveness of highly purified urofollitropin treatment in patients with idiopathic azoospermia before testicular sperm extraction. Urologia, 2018. 85: 19.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28799634
1844.Hussein, A., et al. Optimization of spermatogenesis-regulating hormones in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia and its impact on sperm retrieval: a multicentre study. BJU Int, 2013. 111: E110.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22958644
1845.Gul, U., et al. The Effect of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Treatment Before Testicular Sperm Extraction in Non-Obstructive Azoospermia. Annals of Clinical and Analytical Medicine, 2016. 07: 55.
1846.El Osta, R., et al. Anabolic steroids abuse and male infertility. Basic Clin Androl, 2016. 26: 2.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26855782
1847.Wosnitzer, M.S., et al. Obstructive azoospermia. Urol Clin North Am, 2014. 41: 83.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24286769
1848.Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine in collaboration with the Society for Male, R., et al. The management of obstructive azoospermia: a committee opinion. Fertil Steril, 2019. 111: 873.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31029241
1849.Schoor, R.A., et al. The role of testicular biopsy in the modern management of male infertility. J Urol, 2002. 167: 197.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11743304
1850.Adamopoulos, D.A., et al. 'Value of FSH and inhibin-B measurements in the diagnosis of azoospermia'--a clinician's overview. Int J Androl, 2010. 33: e109.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19703093
1851.Radpour, R., et al. Genetic investigations of CFTR mutations in congenital absence of vas deferens, uterus, and vagina as a cause of infertility. J Androl, 2008. 29: 506.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18567645
1852.Kalsi, J., et al. In the era of micro-dissection sperm retrieval (m-TESE) is an isolated testicular biopsy necessary in the management of men with non-obstructive azoospermia? BJU Int, 2012. 109: 418.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21883824
1853.Kalsi JS, et al. Salvage microdissection testicular sperm extraction; outcome in men with Non obstructive azoospermia with previous failed sperm retrievals. BJU International, 2015. 116: 460.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25220441
1854.Silber, S.J., et al. Pregnancy with sperm aspiration from the proximal head of the epididymis: a new treatment for congenital absence of the vas deferens. Fertil Steril, 1988. 50: 525.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3410105
1855.Esteves, S.C., et al. Sperm retrieval techniques for assisted reproduction. Int Braz J Urol, 2011. 37: 570.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22099268
1856.Esteves, S.C., et al. Reproductive potential of men with obstructive azoospermia undergoing percutaneous sperm retrieval and intracytoplasmic sperm injection according to the cause of obstruction. J Urol, 2013. 189: 232.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23174251
1857.Schroeder-Printzen, I., et al. Microsurgical epididymal sperm aspiration: aspirate analysis and straws available after cryopreservation in patients with non-reconstructable obstructive azoospermia. MESA/TESE Group Giessen. Hum Reprod, 2000. 15: 2531.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11098022
1858.Van Peperstraten, A., et al. Techniques for surgical retrieval of sperm prior to ICSI for azoospermia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2006: CD002807.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16855991
1859.Van Peperstraten, A., et al. Techniques for surgical retrieval of sperm prior to intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) for azoospermia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2008. 2008: CD002807.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18425884
1860.Yoon, Y.E., et al. The role of vasoepididymostomy for treatment of obstructive azoospermia in the era of in vitro fertilization: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Asian J Androl, 2018. 21: 67.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30106012
1861.Peng, J., et al. Pregnancy and live birth rates after microsurgical vasoepididymostomy for azoospermic patients with epididymal obstruction. Hum Reprod, 2017. 32: 284.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28057874
1862.Farber, N.J., et al. The Kinetics of Sperm Return and Late Failure Following Vasovasostomy or Vasoepididymostomy: A Systematic Review. J Urol, 2019. 201: 241.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30130545
1863.Schroeder-Printzen, I., et al. Surgical therapy in infertile men with ejaculatory duct obstruction: technique and outcome of a standardized surgical approach. Hum Reprod, 2000. 15: 1364.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10831570
1864.Kolettis, P.N., et al. Vasoepididymostomy for vasectomy reversal: a critical assessment in the era of intracytoplasmic sperm injection. J Urol, 1997. 158: 467.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9224325
1865.Matthews, G.J., et al. Patency following microsurgical vasoepididymostomy and vasovasostomy: temporal considerations. J Urol, 1995. 154: 2070.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7500460
1866.Etafy, M., et al. Review of the role of robotic surgery in male infertility. Arab J Urol, 2018. 16: 148.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29713546
1867.Ramasamy, R., et al. Microscopic visualization of intravasal spermatozoa is positively associated with patency after bilateral microsurgical vasovasostomy. Andrology, 2015. 3: 532.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25914288
1868.Ostrowski, K.A., et al. Impact on Pregnancy of Gross and Microscopic Vasal Fluid during Vasectomy Reversal. J Urol, 2015. 194: 156.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25595861
1869.Scovell, J.M., et al. Association between the presence of sperm in the vasal fluid during vasectomy reversal and postoperative patency: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Urology, 2015. 85: 809.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25697786
1870.Ruiz-Romero, J., et al. A new device for microsurgical sperm aspiration. Andrologia, 1994. 26: 119.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8042769
1871.Avellino, G.J., et al. Transurethral resection of the ejaculatory ducts: etiology of obstruction and surgical treatment options. Fertil Steril, 2019. 111: 427.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30827517
1872.R Hayden, et al. Detection and Management of Obstructive Azoospermia. Urology Practice, 2015. 2: 33.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352077914001459
1873.Jiang, H.T., et al. Multiple advanced surgical techniques to treat acquired seminal duct obstruction. Asian J Androl, 2014. 16: 912.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25337841
1874.Ozturk, H., et al. Asymptomatic Sertoli cell tumour diagnosed during azoospermia work-up. Asian J Androl, 2013. 15: 845.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24121977
1875.Fallick, M.L., et al. Leydig cell tumors presenting as azoospermia. J Urol, 1999. 161: 1571.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10210406
1876.Dieckmann, K.P., et al. Clinical epidemiology of testicular germ cell tumors. World J Urol, 2004. 22: 2.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15034740
1877.Eisenberg, M.L., et al. Increased risk of cancer among azoospermic men. Fertil Steril, 2013. 100: 681.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23790640
1878.Salonia, A., et al. Are infertile men less healthy than fertile men? Results of a prospective case-control survey. Eur Urol, 2009. 56: 1025.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19297076
1879.Ventimiglia, E., et al. Infertility as a proxy of general male health: results of a cross-sectional survey. Fertil Steril, 2015. 104: 48.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26006735
1880.Guo, D., et al. Hypertension and Male Fertility. World J Mens Health, 2017. 35: 59.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28868816
1881.Del Giudice, F., et al. Increased Mortality Among Men Diagnosed With Impaired Fertility: Analysis of US Claims Data. Urology, 2021. 147: 143.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33017614
1882.Glazer, C.H., et al. Male factor infertility and risk of death: a nationwide record-linkage study. Hum Reprod, 2019. 34: 2266.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31725880
1883.Choy, J.T., et al. Male infertility as a window to health. Fertil Steril, 2018. 110: 810.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30316415
1884.Bobjer, J., et al. High prevalence of androgen deficiency and abnormal lipid profile in infertile men with non-obstructive azoospermia. Int J Androl, 2012. 35: 688.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22519695
1885.Patel, D.P., et al. Sperm concentration is poorly associated with hypoandrogenism in infertile men. Urology, 2015. 85: 1062.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25735445
1886.Ventimiglia, E., et al. Primary, secondary and compensated hypogonadism: a novel risk stratification for infertile men. Andrology, 2017. 5: 505.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28409903
1887.Nowroozi, M.R., et al. Assessment of testicular perfusion prior to sperm extraction predicts success rate and decreases the number of required biopsies in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia. Int Urol Nephrol, 2015. 47: 53.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25331197
1888.Jensen, C.F.S., et al. A Refined View on the Association Between Y-chromosome Microdeletions and Sperm Concentration. Eur Urol, 2019. 76: 637.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31447078
1889.Donoso, P., et al. Which is the best sperm retrieval technique for non-obstructive azoospermia? A systematic review. Hum Reprod Update, 2007. 13: 539.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17895238
1890.Bernie, A.M., et al. Comparison of microdissection testicular sperm extraction, conventional testicular sperm extraction, and testicular sperm aspiration for nonobstructive azoospermia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Fertil Steril, 2015. 104: 1099.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26263080
1891.Abdel Raheem, A., et al. Testicular histopathology as a predictor of a positive sperm retrieval in men with non-obstructive azoospermia. BJU Int, 2013. 111: 492.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22583840
1892.Caroppo, E., et al. Testicular histology may predict the successful sperm retrieval in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia undergoing conventional TESE: a diagnostic accuracy study. J Assist Reprod Genet, 2017. 34: 149.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27655389
1893.Cetinkaya, M., et al. Evaluation of Microdissection Testicular Sperm Extraction Results in Patients with Non-Obstructive Azoospermia: Independent Predictive Factors and Best Cutoff Values for Sperm Retrieval. Urol J, 2015. 12: 2436.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26706742
1894.Cissen, M., et al. Prediction model for obtaining spermatozoa with testicular sperm extraction in men with non-obstructive azoospermia. Hum Reprod, 2016. 31: 1934.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27406950
1895.Guler, I., et al. Impact of testicular histopathology as a predictor of sperm retrieval and pregnancy outcome in patients with nonobstructive azoospermia: correlation with clinical and hormonal factors. Andrologia, 2016. 48: 765.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26688565
1896.Yildirim, M.E., et al. The association between serum follicle-stimulating hormone levels and the success of microdissection testicular sperm extraction in patients with azoospermia. Urol J, 2014. 11: 1825.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25194084
1897.Ramasamy, R., et al. A comparison of models for predicting sperm retrieval before microdissection testicular sperm extraction in men with nonobstructive azoospermia. J Urol, 2013. 189: 638.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23260551
1898.Yang, Q., et al. Follicle-stimulating hormone as a predictor for sperm retrieval rate in patients with nonobstructive azoospermia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Asian J Androl, 2015. 17: 281.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25337843
1899.Corona, G., et al. Sperm recovery and ICSI outcomes in men with non-obstructive azoospermia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update, 2019. 25: 733.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31665451
1900.Beliveau, M.E., et al. The value of testicular 'mapping' in men with non-obstructive azoospermia. Asian J Androl, 2011. 13: 225.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21258355
1901.Ezeh, U.I., et al. A prospective study of multiple needle biopsies versus a single open biopsy for testicular sperm extraction in men with non-obstructive azoospermia. Hum Reprod, 1998. 13: 3075.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9853859
1902.Rosenlund, B., et al. A comparison between open and percutaneous needle biopsies in men with azoospermia. Hum Reprod, 1998. 13: 1266.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9647558
1903.Hauser, R., et al. Comparison of efficacy of two techniques for testicular sperm retrieval in nonobstructive azoospermia: multifocal testicular sperm extraction versus multifocal testicular sperm aspiration. J Androl, 2006. 27: 28.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16400074
1904.Jensen, C.F., et al. Multiple needle-pass percutaneous testicular sperm aspiration as first-line treatment in azoospermic men. Andrology, 2016. 4: 257.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26789006
1905.Schlegel, P.N. Testicular sperm extraction: microdissection improves sperm yield with minimal tissue excision. Hum Reprod, 1999. 14: 131.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10374109
1906.Sacca, A., et al. Conventional testicular sperm extraction (TESE) and non-obstructive azoospermia: is there still a chance in the era of microdissection TESE? Results from a single non-academic community hospital. Andrology, 2016. 4: 425.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26872565
1907.Amer, M., et al. Prospective comparative study between microsurgical and conventional testicular sperm extraction in non-obstructive azoospermia: follow-up by serial ultrasound examinations. Hum Reprod, 2000. 15: 653.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10686214
1908.Deruyver, Y., et al. Outcome of microdissection TESE compared with conventional TESE in non-obstructive azoospermia: a systematic review. Andrology, 2014. 2: 20.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24193894
1909.Billa, E., et al. Endocrine Follow-Up of Men with Non-Obstructive Azoospermia Following Testicular Sperm Extraction. J Clin Med, 2021. 10.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34362107
1910.Ramasamy, R., et al. Structural and functional changes to the testis after conventional versus microdissection testicular sperm extraction. Urology, 2005. 65: 1190.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15922422
1911.Achermann, A.P.P., et al. Microdissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE) in men with infertility due to nonobstructive azoospermia: summary of current literature. Int Urol Nephrol, 2021. 53: 2193.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34410586
1912.Caroppo, E., et al. Intrasurgical parameters associated with successful sperm retrieval in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia undergoing salvage microdissection testicular sperm extraction. Andrology, 2021. 9: 1864.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34289247
1913.Ozman, O., et al. Efficacy of the second micro-testicular sperm extraction after failed first micro-testicular sperm extraction in men with nonobstructive azoospermia. Fertil Steril, 2021. 115: 915.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33358250
1914.Yucel, C., et al. Predictive factors of successful salvage microdissection testicular sperm extraction (mTESE) after failed mTESE in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia: Long-term experience at a single institute. Arch Ital Urol Androl, 2018. 90: 136.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29974724
1915.Eliveld, J., et al. The risk of TESE-induced hypogonadism: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update, 2018. 24: 442.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29726895
1916.Foresta, C., et al. Suppression of the high endogenous levels of plasma FSH in infertile men are associated with improved Sertoli cell function as reflected by elevated levels of plasma inhibin B. Hum Reprod, 2004. 19: 1431.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15117900
1917.Oka, S., et al. Effects of human chorionic gonadotropin on testicular interstitial tissues in men with non-obstructive azoospermia. Andrology, 2017. 5: 232.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27860441
1918.Hussein, A., et al. Clomiphene administration for cases of nonobstructive azoospermia: a multicenter study. J Androl, 2005. 26: 787.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16291975
1919.Tharakan, T., et al. The Role of Hormone Stimulation in Men With Nonobstructive Azoospermia Undergoing Surgical Sperm Retrieval. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2020. 105.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32810280
1920.Tharakan, T., et al. Does hormonal therapy improve sperm retrieval rates in men with non-obstructive azoospermia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update, 2022. 28: 609.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35526153
1921.Shiraishi, K., et al. Salvage hormonal therapy after failed microdissection testicular sperm extraction: A multi-institutional prospective study. Int J Urol, 2016. 23: 496.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26989893
1922.Shiraishi, K., et al. Human chorionic gonadotrophin treatment prior to microdissection testicular sperm extraction in non-obstructive azoospermia. Hum Reprod, 2012. 27: 331.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22128297
1923.Reifsnyder, J.E., et al. Role of optimizing testosterone before microdissection testicular sperm extraction in men with nonobstructive azoospermia. J Urol, 2012. 188: 532.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22704105
1924.Gameiro, S., et al. Long-term adjustment to unmet parenthood goals following ART: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update, 2017. 23: 322.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28164236
1925.Patel, A., et al. Role of Mental Health Practitioner in Infertility Clinics: A Review on Past, Present and Future Directions. J Hum Reprod Sci, 2018. 11: 219.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30568350
1926.Sylvest, R., et al. Attitudes towards family formation among men attending fertility counselling. Reprod Biomed Soc Online, 2018. 6: 1.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30182067
1927.Hammarberg, K., et al. Men's knowledge, attitudes and behaviours relating to fertility. Hum Reprod Update, 2017. 23: 458.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28333354
1928.Tharakan, T., et al. Male Sexual and Reproductive Health-Does the Urologist Have a Role in Addressing Gender Inequality in Life Expectancy? Eur Urol Focus, 2020. 6: 791.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31711931
1929.WHO. The health and well-being of men in the WHO European Region: better health through a gender approach. 2018.
1930.Salonia, A., et al. SARS-CoV-2, testosterone and frailty in males (PROTEGGIMI): A multidimensional research project. Andrology, 2021. 9: 19.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32369678
1931.Kasman, A.M., et al. Male Infertility and Future Cardiometabolic Health: Does the Association Vary by Sociodemographic Factors? Urology, 2019. 133: 121.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31377255
1932.Hanson, B.M., et al. Male infertility: a biomarker of individual and familial cancer risk. Fertil Steril, 2018. 109: 6.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29307404
1933.Brubaker, W.D., et al. Increased risk of autoimmune disorders in infertile men: analysis of US claims data. Andrology, 2018. 6: 94.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29179258
1934.Glazer, C.H., et al. Male factor infertility and risk of multiple sclerosis: A register-based cohort study. Mult Scler, 2018. 24: 1835.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29027840
1935.Wang, N.N., et al. The association between varicocoeles and vascular disease: an analysis of U.S. claims data. Andrology, 2018. 6: 99.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29195012
1936.Warchol-Biedermann, K. The Risk of Psychiatric Morbidity and Course of Distress in Males Undergoing Infertility Evaluation Is Affected by Their Factor of Infertility. Am J Mens Health, 2019. 13: 1557988318823904.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30819064
1937.Mottet, N., et al. EAU-ESTRO-SIOG Guidelines on Prostate Cancer. Part 1: Screening, Diagnosis, and Local Treatment with Curative Intent. Eur Urol, 2017. 71: 618.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27568654
1938.Cornford, P., et al. EAU-ESTRO-SIOG Guidelines on Prostate Cancer. Part II: Treatment of Relapsing, Metastatic, and Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Eur Urol, 2017. 71: 630.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27591931
1939.Punnen, S., et al. Long-term health-related quality of life after primary treatment for localized prostate cancer: results from the CaPSURE registry. Eur Urol, 2015. 68: 600.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25242555
1940.Walker, L.M., et al. On the Relationship Between Erectile Function and Sexual Distress in Men with Prostate Cancer. Arch Sex Behav, 2020. 49: 1575.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32072396
1941.Rosser, B.R.S., et al. The Sexual Functioning of Gay and Bisexual Men Following Prostate Cancer Treatment: Results from the Restore Study. Arch Sex Behav, 2020. 49: 1589.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31016492
1942.Walsh, T.J., et al. Increased risk of high-grade prostate cancer among infertile men. Cancer, 2010. 116: 2140.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20309846
1943.Al-Jebari, Y., et al. Risk of prostate cancer for men fathering through assisted reproduction: nationwide population based register study. BMJ, 2019. 366: l5214.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31554611
1944.Salonia, A., et al. Sperm banking is of key importance in patients with prostate cancer. Fertil Steril, 2013. 100: 367.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23651627
1945.Le Bihan-Benjamin, C., et al. Fertility preservation and cancer: How many persons are concerned? Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol, 2018. 225: 232.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29754073
1946.Falk, A.T., et al. Brachytherapy and fertility. Hum Fertil (Camb), 2016. 19: 85.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27308857
1947.Terrier, J.E., et al. Decrease in Intercourse Satisfaction in Men Who Recover Erections After Radical Prostatectomy. J Sex Med, 2018. 15: 1133.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30033192
1948.McInnis, M.K., et al. Sex After Prostate Cancer in Gay and Bisexual Men: A Review of the Literature. Sex Med Rev, 2020. 8: 466.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32169431
1949.Vlachopoulos, C.V., et al. Prediction of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality with erectile dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes, 2013. 6: 99.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23300267
1950.Dong, J.Y., et al. Erectile dysfunction and risk of cardiovascular disease: meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2011. 58: 1378.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21920268
1951.Zhao, B., et al. Erectile Dysfunction Predicts Cardiovascular Events as an Independent Risk Factor: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Sex Med, 2019. 16: 1005.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31104857
1952.Guo, W., et al. Erectile dysfunction and risk of clinical cardiovascular events: a meta-analysis of seven cohort studies. J Sex Med, 2010. 7: 2805.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20367771
1953.Yamada, T., et al. Erectile dysfunction and cardiovascular events in diabetic men: a meta-analysis of observational studies. PLoS One, 2012. 7: e43673.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22962586
1954.Osondu, C.U., et al. The relationship of erectile dysfunction and subclinical cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Vasc Med, 2018. 23: 9.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29243995
1955.Fan, Y., et al. Erectile dysfunction and risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in the general population: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. World J Urol, 2018. 36: 1681.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29725807
1956.Wilkins, E., et al., European Heart Network - Cardiovascular Disease Statistics 2017, Brussels.
1957.van Bussel, E.F., et al. Predictive value of traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease in older people: A systematic review. Prev Med, 2020. 132: 105986.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31958478
1958.Gerdts, E., et al. Sex differences in cardiometabolic disorders. Nat Med, 2019. 25: 1657.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31700185
1959.WHO. World Health Statistics 2019: Monitoring Health for the SDGs, sustainable development goals. 2019.
1960.Sandberg, K., et al. Sex differences in primary hypertension. Biol Sex Differ, 2012. 3: 7.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22417477
1961.Everett, B., et al. Gender differences in hypertension and hypertension awareness among young adults. Biodemography Soc Biol, 2015. 61: 1.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25879259
1962.WHO. Gender, Women And the Tobacco Epidemic. 2010.
1963.Navar-Boggan, A.M., et al. Hyperlipidemia in early adulthood increases long-term risk of coronary heart disease. Circulation, 2015. 131: 451.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25623155
1964.Stamler, J., et al. The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT)--importance then and now. JAMA, 2008. 300: 1343.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18799447
1965.Seidell, J.C., et al. Fat distribution and gender differences in serum lipids in men and women from four European communities. Atherosclerosis, 1991. 87: 203.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1854366
1966.Hazzard, W.R. Atherogenesis: why women live longer than men. Geriatrics, 1985. 40: 42.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3965355
1967.Burnett, A.L., et al. Erectile Dysfunction: AUA Guideline. J Urol, 2018. 200: 633.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29746858
1968.Mulhall, J.P., et al. Evaluation and Management of Testosterone Deficiency: AUA Guideline. J Urol, 2018. 200: 423.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29601923
1969.Fode, M., et al. Late-onset Hypogonadism and Testosterone Therapy - A Summary of Guidelines from the American Urological Association and the European Association of Urology. Eur Urol Focus, 2019. 5: 539.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30858073
1970.Lee H., et al. Testosterone replacement in men with sexual dysfunction. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2024 Jan 15;1(1):CD013071.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38224135
1971.Snyder PJ., et al. Testosterone Treatment and Fractures in Men with Hypogonadism. N Engl J Med. 2024 Jan 18;390(3):203-211.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38231621
1972.Corona G., et al. Advances in the treatment of functional male hypogonadism. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab. 2023 Dec 15:1-15.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38117229
1973.Cunningham GR., et al. Association of sex hormones with sexual function, vitality, and physical function of symptomatic older men with low testosterone levels at baseline in the testosterone trials. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015 Mar;100(3):1146-55.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25548978
1974.Zhang J., et al. Prevalence and risk factors of erectile dysfunction in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Endocrinol Invest. 2023 Apr;46(4):795-804.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36307637
1975.Masoudi M., et al. Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on sexual functioning and activity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health. 2022 Jan 28;22(1):189.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35086497
1976.Pizzol D., et al. Social environmental impact of COVID-19 and erectile dysfunction: an explorative review. J Endocrinol Invest. 2022 Mar;45(3):483-487.