For all chapters the literature has been assessed.

Chapter 4 “Classification”
A clear definition of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer is presented. Since appropriate classification and grading directly influences treatment decisions, additional information on pathological parameters has been added.

Chapter 5 “Diagnosis”
An illustration on bladder diagram to facilitate the description of cystoscopy finding has been added. The new data on endoscopic diagnosis and pathological evaluation of the tissue included in this section resulted in a number of changes in the recommendations.

Chapter 6 “Predicting disease recurrence and progression”
The new stratification of patients into 3 risk groups facilitating treatment recommendation is presented.

Chapter 7 “Adjuvant treatment”
Updated information on intravesical chemo- and immunotherapy is provided. The definition and stratification of BCG toxicity and side-effects is provided in an overview table. The definition of BCG failures has been specified.

Chapter 8 “Radical cystectomy for NMIBC”
The indication criteria were updated.

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Limited update to include the most recent data.

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Chapter 2 “Epidemiology and risk factors”;
•    Section 2.2.8 Carcinoma in situ) has been added.

Chapter 3 “Classification”;
•    Sections 3.3, through 3.3.5 were revisited resulting in slightly adapted recommendations in section 3.3.4 (recommendations for the assessment of tumour specimens).
•    Section 3.3.5 (pT2 substaging in node-negative disease after cystectomy) has been added.

Chapter 4 “Diagnosis and staging”;
•    Sections 4.2.1.2 (CT imaging for local staging of MIBC), 4.2.2 (Imaging of lymph nodes in MIBC) and 4.2.3 Upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma) have been added, as well as section 4.2.5 (Future developments).

Chapter 6 “Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy”;
•    A new section 6.2 (The role of imaging to assess treatment response) has been included. The text has been updated with new literature resulting in amended conclusions and recommendations (section 6.4).

Chapter 7 “Radical Surgery and Urinary Diversion”
•    A new section 7.1.4 (MIBC and comorbidity) on co-morbidities and patient selection for orthotopic diversion has been added.
•    
Chapter 12 “Metastatic disease”;
•    New data has been added, in particular to section 12.3 (Standard first-line chemotherapy for “fit” patients).
•    
Chapter 14 “Follow-up”;
•    Additional data included on recurrences and secondary urethral tumours.

For all updated sections, the literature has been assessed for currency.

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Chapter 8 “Treatment: deferred treatment (watchful waiting)”
In section 8.2.1 (Watchful waiting), the findings of the PIVOT trial have been included.

Chapter 9 “Treatment Radical Prostatectomy”
The literature has been updated and additional recommendations for lymph node dissection have been included in section 9.7 (Summary of radical prostatectomy and eLND in high-risk localized disease).

Chapter 10 “Treatment: definitive radiotherapy”
The literature has been updated, as well as the findings in section 10.10 (Guidelines for definitive radiotherapy). The text has been completely restructured, in particular in sections 10.3.2 (Neoadjuvant or adjuvant hormone therapy plus radiotherapy), 10.3.2.3 (high-risk group), 10.3.4 (The benefits of lymph-node irradiation in the prostate), 10.3.4.2 (Very high-risk PCa) and 10.7.1 (Immediate [adjuvant] postoperative external irradiation after radical prostatectomy).

Chapter 12 “Hormonal therapy; rationale and available drugs”.
The literature has been updated. The chapter has been completely restructured and a section of the text was moved into a separate chapter (Chapter 15 “Metastatic prostate cancer – Hormonal therapy”), to facilitate consultation.

Chapter 13 “Metastatic Prostate Cancer – Hormonal therapy”
The literature has been updated and the text was restructured. In particular information has been added, in sections 13.1 (Prognostic factors), and 13.4 (Indications for hormonal therapy). Also section 13.4 (indications for hormonal therapy) was revised.

Chapter 15 “Quality of life of patients with localised prostate cancer”
The literature has been updated.

Chapter 18 “Treatment of biochemical failure after treatment with curative intent”
The literature has been updated and the text has been restructured.

Chapter 19 “Treatment of biochemical failure after curative intent”.
The literature has been updated. Additional information on imaging modalities has been added, most notably in the summary at the end of section 19.4.1 (Diagnostic procedures for PSA relapse following radical prostatectomy). New data has been included in sections 19.4.2 (Diagnostic studies for PSA relapse following radiation therapy, 19.5.1 (Radiotherapy for PSA-only recurrence after radical prostatectomy) and on new techniques in section 19.6.1 (Salvage radical prostatectomy).

Chapter 20 “Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC)”
The literature has been updated resulting in minor changes to the recommendations. The text has been completely restructured and a new algorithm for PSA progression following initial hormonal therapy was added in section 20.5 (Secondary hormonal therapy). New information was included in sections 20.8 (Novel hormonal drugs targeting the endocrine pathways), 20.9 (Non-hormonal therapy), as well as in section 20.11, resulting in expanding the recommendations for salvage treatment after Docetaxel. The summary of treatment recommendations (section 20.13) was subjected to a minor revision.

New topics included in this 2012 print
•    Chapter 15, Quality of life of patients with localised prostate cancer
•    Chapter 16, A section has been added on salvage high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU)
•    Chapter 17, Section 17.10.4 RANK ligand inhibitors

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Chapter 2 “Epidemiology and aetiology”
The chapter has been updated using a structured data assessment.

Chapter 3 “Diagnosis and staging”
The chapter has been updated using a systematic review on tumour biopsy and a traditional narrative review for the other aspects of diagnosis and staging.

Chapter 4 “Classification and prognostic factors”
The chapter has been updated using a structured data assessment.

Chapter 5 “Other renal tumours”
The chapter has been updated using a traditional narrative review.

Chapter 6 “Treatment of localised disease”
The chapter has been updated using a systematic review.

Chapter 7 “Systematic therapy for metastatic disease”
The chapter has been updated using a mixed methods approach. Literature searching, study identification and data abstraction were carried out using systematic review methodology, with 54 studies being deemed eligible for inclusion. Ten of the most important and influential studies, as determined by consensus, were data-abstracted and the review was based on these 10 studies.

Chapter 8 “Surveillance following radical or partial nephrectomy or ablative therapies”
The chapter has been updated using a traditional narrative review.

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The chapters on erectile dysfunction were updated to include the latest data.

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All chapters were updated to include the latest data (published between January 2011 and October 2012).

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Updated chapters using a structured literature search:
•    Chapter 2 “Assessment and diagnosis”
•    Chapter 3 “Conservative treatment”
•    Chapter 4 “Drug therapy”
•    Chapter 5 “Surgical treatment”

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Changes in the following sections:

•    3.1.2 “Evaluation of patients for whom further treatment of renal stones is planned”
•    4.1.1 “Pain relief”
•    4.1.3 “Recommendations for analgesia during renal colic”
•    5.3.1 “Choice of medical agents”
•    5.6 “Endourology techniques”
•    5.6.2.1.6 “Stone extraction”
•    5.6.2.1.8 “Stenting before and after URS”
•    6.4 “Selection of procedure for active removal of kidney stones”
•    7.2 “Residual stones: therapy
•    8.2 “Diagnostic imaging for stones in pregnancy”
•    9.1 “Management of stone problems in children: aetiology”
•    9.1.1 “Nuclear imaging”
•    10.1.2 “Stones in urinary diversion and other voiding problems”
•    10.2.2 “Management of stones in patients with neurogenic bladder”
•    10.3.1 “Management of stones in transplanted kidney: Aetiology and clinical presentation”

Chapter 11 “Metabolic evaluation” has been completely revised.

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New literature has been included and a limited revision applied for chapters:

•    Chapter 2 “Phimosis”
•    Chapter 4 “Hydrocele”
•    Chapter 5 “Acute scrotum in children”
•    Chapter 8 “Varicocele in children and adolescents”
•    Chapter 10 “Daytime lower urinary tract conditions”
•    Chapter 11 “Monosymptomatic enuresis”
•    Chapter 12 “Management of neurogenic bladder in children”
•    Chapter 13 “Dilatation of the upper urinary tract (ureteropelvic junction and ureterovesical junction obstruction)”
•    Chapter 14 “Vesicoureteral reflux in children”
•    Chapter 15 “Urinary stone disease”
•    Chapter 17 “Disorders of sex development”. Former chapter 9 -“micropenis” has been incorporated.
•    Chapter 20 “Post-operative fluid management in children”
•    Chapter 21 “Post-operative pain management in children”
A complete update was achieved for chapters:
•    Chapter 3: “Cryptorchidism”
•    Chapter 6: “Hypospadias”; the management algorithm has been updated.

New topic included in this 2013 print:
Chapter 19 “Paediatric urological trauma”

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The entire Urological Trauma Guidelines have been updated, with the exception of the “Mass casualty events, triage, and damage control” which has not been revised in this current version of the trauma guidelines.

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The 2013 edition contains partial updates based on the available literature. Section 3.5 on Palliative Care was moved and expanded to a new Chapter 7, which deals with the subject of Palliative Care.

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For all Sections, the literature has been assessed and the guideline updated whenever relevant information was available. Of note are changes in sections:

Chapter 2 "Epidemiology and risk factors";

Revised topics

Chapter 6 "Diagnosis";

- New topic

- New topic

- Complete update

New literature included
Chapter 2 "Classification of Stones";

This is the latest version of the Guidelines on Paediatric Urology. The printed guideline states an incorrect maximum dose of botulinum toxin in neurogenic bladder in children (Section 13.5.3.1 Botulinum toxin injections). The correct maximum dose of botulinum toxin in neurogenic bladder in children is 200 units.

Amended topics (new literature included and text revision)
Chapter 6 "Hypospadias"
Chapter 12 "Monosymptomatic enuresis"
Chapter 13 "Management of Neurogenic Bladder in Children";

The current 2012 edition contains partial updates based on the available literature and two new topics were added, Section 3.4 "Denusomab" and Section 3.5 "Palliative care".

- Complete update

- New topi

- Complete update

- New topic

Updated:

• Chapter 1 Introduction
• Chapter 2 Epidemiology and risk factors
• Chapter 6 Neoadjuvant chemotherapy
• Chapter 7 Radical surgery and urinary diversion
• Chapter 12 Metastatic disease
• Chapter 13 Quality of Life

New additions

• Chapter 10 (10.4 Multimodality bladder preserving strategies)
• Chapter 7 and 12: treatment algorithms

Smaller changes have been made throughout the document.

Updated:

• Unification of all data and tables with the new pocket version. In particular Tables 5 and 6
• Section 7.4 (Guidelines for the diagnosis and staging of PCa)
• Chapter 13 (Guidelines for primary treatment)
• Section 16.7 (Second-line therapy after treatment with curative intent)
• Chapter 17 (Castration-refractory PCa) sections 17.11-17.12 & 17.3

The existing text was revisited.

Added:
- Chapter 4 (Surgical treatment)

The existing text was revisited

New sections:

• Chapter 2 (Classification of UTIs + tables)
• Chapter 13 (Fournier's gangrene)

Updated:

• Chapter 4 (Complicated UTIs due to urological disorders)
• Chapter 5 (Urosepsis)
• Chapter 11 (Epididymitis and orchitis, in particular section 11.1)

Smaller changes have been made throughout the document.

Updated:

• Chapter 1 (Introduction)
• Chapter 2 (Risk factors and epidemiology)
• Section 4.2.3 (Drug treatment)
• Chapter 8 (Quality of Life)

Replaced:

• Chapter 3 (Diagnosis)

New additions:

• Chapter 6 (UTI in NLUTD)
• Chapter 7 (Sexual (dys)function and Fertility)

- Complete update

Replaced:

• Chapter 3 (Cryptorchidism)
• Chapter 14 (VUR)

- Complete update